PMP–一、二、三模–分类–13.干系人管理

文章目录

技巧

十三、干系人管理

1、干系人分析:题干关键词 "干系人信息(权力、角色、利益、关系、态度、影响......)、识别完干系人、某干系人抵制项目"。【常考点,点击我可以进行考题运用】

2、权力利益方格:题干关键词 "职权级别、关心程度"。

3、干系人参与计划与干系人登记册区分:前者包括干系人的应对策略,后者记录了干系人的基本信息。

以上必须牢记,是做题的关键,是知识与考题相结合的简要记忆点,并结合一模等考试题目,进行运用掌握,就可以在考场上畅行无阻了。


名词说明:
干系人参与计划:干系人参与计划是项目管理计划的组成部分。它确定用于促进干系人有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。

权力利益方格

基于干系人的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对干系人进行分类。

引导干系人参与

为提高成功的可能性,应该在项目章程被批准、项目经理被委任,以及团队开始组建之后,尽早开始识别干系人并引导干系人参与。

图示说明:

易错

一模

13.干系人管理--引言--项目进入其生命周期的不同阶段;当前干系人不再与项目工作有关,或者在项目的干系人社区中出现了新的干系人成员;组织内部的干系人社区发生重大变化,出现以上三点情况时要重新识别干系人,并更新干系人登记册。

14、 [单选] 由于组织结构的变化,干系人A承担了新的责任,并已经从指导管理委员会辞职。干系人A替代者干系人B,提出与项目商业利益有关的问题。项目经理首先应该怎么做?

As a result of changes in an organization's structure,stakeholder A takes on new responsibilities and steps down from the steering committee . stakeholder A's replacement,stakeholder B, raises issues regarding the project's business benefits. What should the project manager do first?

A:在问题登记册中记录该问题,并更新项目利益

Document the issue in the issue log and update the project benefits.

B:更新项目管理计划

Update the project management plan

C:与干系人会面,包括项目发起人

Meet with the stakeholders,including the project sponsor

D:更新干系人登记册,并参考干系人管理策略

Update the stakeholder register and refer to the stakeholder management strategy

D

13.干系人管理--规划干系人参与--干系人参与度评估矩阵

18、 [单选] 在新项目的干系人会议中,项目经理发现一名干系人对项目有抵触。项目经理记录该情况,并对该干系人的参与程度评级。项目经理使用了哪项工具或技术来为干系人的参与程度评级?

During a new project's stakeholder meeting, the project manager discovers that one stakeholder is resistant to the project. The project manager notes this, and rates the stakeholder engagement level. What tool or technique did the project manager use to rate this stakeholder's engagement level?

A:干系人参与度评估矩阵

Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix

B:风险概率和影响评级

Risk probability and impact assessment

C:人际关系技巧

Interpersonal skills

D:专家判断

Expert judgment

A

13.干系人管理--管理干系人参与

46、 [单选] 项目经理意识到项目干系人对项目可交付成果和时间表感到担忧。项目经理应该做什么?

A project manager realizes that project stakeholders are apprehensive about project deliverables and timelines.What should the project manager do?

A:与每个干系人开会,以了解他们的担忧

Meet with each stakeholder to gain an understanding of their concerns

B:重新审视项目管理计划,以减少干系人的顾虑

Review the project management plan to reduce stakeholder uncertainties

C:要求发起人让干系人放心

Ask the sponsor to reassure the stakeholders

D:与干系人一起查阅假设日志

Review the assumption log with the stakeholders

有担忧,要开会。选A。

13.干系人管理--识别干系人--权力影响方格--基于干系人的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对干系人进行分类。与权力/利益方格类似,权力影响也是分成四个区间。

1、干系人分析:题干关键词 " 干系人信息(权力、角色、利益、关系、态度、影响......)、识别完干系人、某干系人抵制项目 "。

2、权力利益方格:题干关键词 " 职权级别、关心程度 "。

49、 [单选] 在项目开始时,一位干系人通知项目经理他们将缺席多次项目会议,项目经理首先应该做什么?

At the beginning of the project, a related party informs the project manager that they will be absent from multiple project meetings. What should the project manager do first?

A:识别一位替代干系人在该干系人缺席时参加会议

Identify an alternate party to the meeting in the absence of that party.

B:通过映射他们的权力和影响力来分析干系人

Analyze interested parties by mapping their power and influence.

C:监控该干系人,并在会议之前请求提供信息

Monitor the interested party and request information before the meeting.

D:坚持要求让该干系人参加所有会议以避免开创先例

Insist on having the relevant party participate in all meetings to avoid setting a precedent.

B

13.干系人管理--管理干系人参与--通过谈判与沟通管理干系人的期望。B选项,没必要分别讨论。

69、 [单选] 项目经理从项目管理办公室(PMO)收到项目绩效评估报告,该报告指出,其中一位干系人认为范围控制很差,但没有提供额外的细节,项目经理应该怎么做?

A project manager receives a project performance evaluation report from the project management office (PMO). The report states that one stakeholder believe the scope has been poorly controlled, but no additional details is provided. What should the project manager do?

A:无视该反馈,因为没有任何细节可以支持这个问题

Disregard the feedback, since there were no details to support the issue

B:与几位干系人分别讨论该问题,以确定是谁提供了该反馈

Discuss the issue individually with several stakeholder to determine who provided the feedback

C:在发送工作绩效信息后,与利害干系人开会以获取更多详细信息并说明所感知的问题

After sending work performance information, meet with stakeholders to obtain more detailed and address perceived issues

D:与最高级别的干系人开会,详细说明是如何妥善管理范围的

Meet with the most senior stakeholders to explain in detail how the scope was properly managed

C

13.干系人管理--引言--为提高成功的可能性,应该在项目章程被批准、项目经理被委任,以及团队开始组建之后,尽早开始识别干系人并引导干系人参与。

72、 [单选] 项目团队刚刚完成一个新的订单跟踪系统的开发。项目发起人销售总监对新系统非常满意。而生产总监对此不满,并要求重新设计该系统以满足生产需求。项目经理估计重新设计系统会导致项目实施延迟两个月。项目经理本应如何做就可以避免发生这种情况?

A project team has just completed the development of a new order tracking system. The project sponsor, the director of sales, is pleased with the new system. However, the director of manufacturing is not pleased and has demanded that the system be re-designed to meet manufacturing concerns. The project manager estimates that a system redesign will delay implementation by two months. How could the project manager have avoided this situation?

A:在编制计划阶段完成角色和职责矩阵

Completed a roles and responsibility matrix in the planning phrase.

B:让项目干系人充分参与,确保要求不被忽略

Involved key stakeholders to ensure that requirements were not overlooked.

C:确保让销售总监批准该需求

Ensured that the director of sales had approved the requirements.

D:在编制项目计划阶段,制定有效的项目范围和变更控制流程

Developed an effective project scope and change control process during project planning.

B

13.干系人管理--干系人参与计划--是项目管理计划的组成部分,它确定用于促进干系人有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。

83、 [单选] 项目经理发现项目可交付成果与发起人期望之间存在若干不一致之处,为确保一致,项目经理应该制定下列哪一项?

A project manager finds several inconsistencies between project deliverables and sponsor expectations. To ensure alignment, what should the project manager develop?

A:风险登记册 Risk register

B:干系人参与计划 Stakeholder management plan

C:沟通管理计划 Communications management plan

D:工作分解结构(WBS) Work breakdown structure (WBS)

风险登记册。风险登记册是记录风险管理过程输出的存储文件。风险登记册中的信息可以包括相关管理风险的负责人,概率、影响、风险评分、计划的风险应对,和用来获得关于单个风险的高层级理解的其他信息。

工作分解结构 (WBS)。对项目团队为实现项目目标、创建所需可交付物,而需要实施的全部工作范围的层级分解。
有问题,是先登记,沟通,还是处理,应该是先登记吧。选A。

13.干系人管理--管理干系人参与--遇到了干系人的抵制,查阅干系人参与计划。

91、 [单选] 在项目执行期间,一名外部干系人反对一项重大范围变更。除非重新评估干系人的决定,否则项目进展将受到影响。项目经理下一步该怎么做?

During the project implementation, an external stakeholder is opposed to a major scope change. Unless the stakeholder's decision is reassessed, the project progress will be impacted.What should the project manager do next?

A:审查干系人管理计划评估影响

To review the stakeholder's effort for the plan to assess the impact

B:请求项目发起人解决干系人的问题

To request the project sponsor to solve the problem encountered by the stakeholder

C:修订预算,反映可选方案的成本

To revise the budget to reflect the cost of the alternative

D:调查干系人反对背后的理由

To investigate the reason behind the opposition

A

易错13.干系人管理--引言--要尽早识别关键的干系人,因此识别干系人在启动阶段开始。

93、 [单选] 项目经理为一个具有按时完成盈利项目历史记录的组织工作。然而,由于缺乏干系人的支持以及他们未能提供信息,这些项目都经历过问题。若要避免这些问题,项目经理在新项目开始时应该做些什么?

A project manager works for an organization with a history of completing projects on time. However, these projects have all experienced issues due to a lack of stakeholder's support and their failure to provide information. What should the project manager do at the beginning of a new project to avoid these issues?

A:管理所有干系人的期望,并为每个人提供解决方案

Manage all stakeholder's expectation,and provide a solution for each one

B:准备一份包含所有干系人的沟通管理计划

Prepare a communications management plan that includes all stakeholders

C:在启动阶段识别关键干系人并进行优先级排序

Identify and prioritize the key stakeholders during the initiating stage

D:复制之前项目的工作,因为这些项目结束时都很好

Duplicate efforts from previous projects since they ended well

B

13.干系人管理--识别干系人--权力影响方格--基于干系人的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对干系人进行分类。与权力/利益方格类似,权力影响也是分成四个区间。

1、干系人分析:题干关键词 " 干系人信息(权力、角色、利益、关系、态度、影响......)、识别完干系人、某干系人抵制项目 "。

2、权力利益方格:题干关键词 " 职权级别、关心程度 "。

96、 [单选] 你正在为一个软件开发项目起草一个干系人参与计划。该产品将使用Scrum框架构建。你希望确保分析和分类干系人对产品开发的影响程度。你的最佳行动方案是什么?

You are drafting a stakeholder engagement plan for a software development project. The product will be built using a scrum framework. You want to ensure that the stakeholders' level of influence on product development is analyzed and categorized. What is your best course of action?

A:提交变更请求以更新干系人登记册

Submit a change request to update the stakeholder register

B:等待,直到干系人参加第一次冲刺审查

Wait until the stakeholders attend the first sprint review

C:建议产品负责人使用权力/影响方格

Suggest that the product owner use a power/influence grid

D:使用分层图表自己执行分析

Conduct the analysis yourself using hierarchical charts


13.干系人管理--识别干系人--权力利益方格--基于干系人的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对干系人进行分类。权力高、利益高,需要重点管理。

104、 [单选] 在项目实施期间发生组织重组,一名关键干系人被替换。新的干系人对项目成功存在很高的兴趣并拥有足够的影响力,对项目结果产生重大影响。在执行干系人分析之后,项目经理该如何处理该新项目干系人?

Organizational restructuring occurred during a project's implementation and a key stakeholder was replaced. The new stakeholder has high interest in the project's success and enough influence and can significantly impact its outcome. After performing a stakeholder analysis, how should the project manager handle this new stakeholder?

A:监测干系人期望发生的任何变化。

Monitor any change in stakeholder in stakeholder expectation.

B:保持向干系人通知项目进度/状态。

Keep the stakeholder informed of the project's progress/status.

C:确保干系人满意项目进度/状态。

Ensure stakeholder id satisfied with the project's progress/status.

D:密切管理干系人的期望。

Manage the stakeholder's expectation closely.

C

13.干系人管理--引言--项目进入其生命周期的不同阶段;当前干系人不再与项目工作有关,或者在项目的干系人社区中出现了新的干系人成员;组织内部的干系人社区发生重大变化。出现以上三点情况时要重新识别干系人,并更新干系人登记册。

113、 [单选] 当新进公司的发起人B替代A时,项目已接近完工,项目经理首先应该怎么做?

When the sponsor B of the new company replaces A, the project is almost complete. What should the project manager do first?

A:与发起人B会面,确定是否需要任何项目变更 Meet with sponsor B to determine if any project changes are needed

B:根据发起人A 的目标完成项目 Finish the project based on the sponsor A's goals

C:开始变更控制 Begin change control procedures

D:更新干系人登记册 Update the stakeholder register

D

易错13.干系人管理--干系人参与计划--是项目管理计划的组成部分。它确定用于促进干系人有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。干系人参与计划可包括(但不限于)调动个人或干系人参与的特定策略或方法。

125、 [单选] 在项目开工会议期间,一个干系人公开反对该项目在组织内的必要性和优先级。项目经理下一步应该做什么?

During a project kick-off meeting,one stakeholder openly rejects the project's necessity and priority within the organization. What should the project manager do next?

A:在干系人登记册中记录该干系人的评估

Document the stakeholder's assessment in the stakeholder register

B:将该干系人的问题升级上报给项目发起人

Escalate the stakeholder's concern to the project sponsor

C:了解该干系人的立场,并更新风险登记册

Gain an understanding of the stakeholder's position,and update the risk register

D:考虑该干系人的立场,并制定干系人参与计划

Consider the stakeholder's position,and develop the stakeholder engagement plan

B

13.干系人管理--识别干系人--干系人的顾虑刚刚才被得知,识别干系人存在疏漏,所以要避免问题的出现,应该及早进行干系人识别分析。

130、 [单选] 项目经理正在管理的一个跨国产品开发项目具有来自众多国家/地区的干系人,在最近与主要项目发起人举行的进展情况会议上,负责实现产品工业化的提供商惊讶地发现,自从会议以来,某需求已经发生变更,该提供商提出了关于该变更的关键顾虑,并已根据早前的需求大幅增加了资本支出。项目经理本应采取什么的不同措施来避免发生这种情况?

A multinational product development project being managed by the project manager has stakeholders from many countries/regions. In a recent progress meeting with the main project sponsors, the provider responsible for the industrialization of the product was surprised to find out. Since the meeting, a requirement has changed, the provider raised key concerns about the change, and has substantially increased capital expenditures based on earlier requirements. What different measures should the project manager take to avoid this?

A:项目经理应针对该变更请求进行详细的干系人分析,并从一开始就让该提供商参与进来,以确保他们的顾虑会得到解决。

The project manager should conduct a detailed stakeholder analysis of the change request and involve the provider from the outset to ensure that their concerns are addressed.

B:项目经理本不应该邀请该提供商参加进展情况审查会议,因为该提供商仅负责产品工业化事务,而不负责审批需求。

The project manager should not have invited the vendor to the progress review meeting because the vendor is only responsible for product industrialization, not approval requirements.

C:项目经理本不应该批准会导致项目资本支出增加的需求变更。

The project manager should not have approved a change in requirements that would result in an increase in project capital expenditure.

D:项目经理本应要求该供应商不要在进展情况审查会议上提出顾虑,因为这并非适当的场合。

The project manager should have asked the vendor not to raise concerns during the progress review meeting as this was not an appropriate occasion.

A

13.干系人管理--识别干系人--项目虽然很相似,但是涉及其中的干系人可能不相同,所以在编制干系人登记册时,不能照搬上一个项目的干系人登记册,而是将上一个项目中对干系人进行管理的经验教训作为编制当前项目干系人登记册的参考依据,因此选C而不选A。选项B,未经识别分析就做出结论,错误。选项D,没有提及干系人不同会对当前项目造成什么影响。

161、 [单选] 项目经理正在领导一个公司内部项目,该项目正处于早期阶段。该项目与一年前结束的另一个项目很相似,项目经理该做什么来分析涉及的干系人?

A project manager is leading an in-house company project in its very early stages, this current project is similar to another project that ended a year ago. What should the project manager do to analyze the involved stakeholders?

A:参照前一个项目的干系人登记册,因为它与当前的项目很相似。

Refer to the stakeholder register from the previous project as it was similar to the current project.

B:降低干系人参与的优先级,因为干系人已经了解这种项目。

Lower the priority of stakeholder engagement as the stakeholders already have knowledge of this kind of project.

C:将前一个项目的经验教训作为当前项目干系人登记册的指南。

Use lessons learned from the previous project as a guide for the current project's stakeholder register.

D:在风险登记册中载明,当前项目的干系人可能与前一个项目不同。

Document in the risk register that the current project may have different stakeholders than the previous project.

C

二模

13.干系人管理--干系人分析--题干关键词 "干系人信息(权力、角色、利益、关系、态度、影响......)、识别完干系人、某干系人抵制项目"。

干系人分析 :干系人分析会产生干系人清单和关于干系人的各种信息,例如,在组织内的位置、在项目中的角色、与项目的利害关系、期望、态度(对项目的支持程度),以及对项目信息的兴趣。
干系人分析 :题干关键词 "干系人信息(权力、角色、利益、关系、态度、影响......)、识别完干系人、某干系人抵制项目"。

5、 [单选] 一家公司启动了一个与开发新服务相关的项目,而该公司并不具有此类专业知识。项目经理了解到,运营部门不批准且可能不支持持续维护。项目经理应该怎么做?

A Company launches a project related to the development of a new service, and the Company does not have this expertise. The project manager understands that the Operations Department does not approve and may not give support for the ongoing maintenance. What should the project manager do?

A:执行沟通需求分析,并记录该情况

To perform communication needs analysis and record the situation

B:根据之前项目的信息,创建一份风险识别核对单

Create a checklist of risk identification based on information from previous projects

C:将此活动包含在工作分解结构(WBS)中,并在发生时对其进行处理

To include this activity into the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and process it when occurred

D:评估如何获得该部门的项目支持,以减少任何负面影响

To assess how to get project support from the department to reduce any negative impact

A

13.干系人管理--干系人分析--题干关键词 "干系人信息(权力、角色、利益、关系、态度、影响......)、识别完干系人、某干系人抵制项目"。

干系人分析 :干系人分析会产生干系人清单和关于干系人的各种信息,例如,在组织内的位置、在项目中的角色、与项目的利害关系、期望、态度(对项目的支持程度),以及对项目信息的兴趣。先进行干系人分析,再更新参与计划。
干系人分析 :题干关键词 "干系人信息(权力、角色、利益、关系、态度、影响......)、识别完干系人、某干系人抵制项目"。

13.干系人管理--干系人分析--干系人分析会产生干系人清单和关于干系人的各种信息,例如,在组织内的位置、在项目中的角色、与项目的利害关系、期望、态度(对项目的支持程度),以及对项目信息的兴趣。先进行干系人分析,再更新参与计划。

干系人分析 :题干关键词 "干系人信息(权力、角色、利益、关系、态度、影响......)、识别完干系人、某干系人抵制项目"。

B选项在D选项之后,A确认其支持不对。

35、 [单选] 项目经理与多位高管干系人一起参与一个生命周期替换项目,其中一位干系人强烈反对该项目。若要获得该干系人的支持,项目经理应该怎么做?

A project manager joins a life cycle replacement project with multiple executive stakeholders, one stakeholders is strongly against the project. What should the project manager do to gain the stakeholders' support ?

A:制定权力/影响力方格,以确定该干系人影响项目的能力并确认其支持

Develop A power/influence grid to determine the stakeholders' ability to influence the project and confirm its support

B:创建干系人参与计划,以确定该干系人的项目支持水平

Create a stakeholder engagement plan to determine the stakeholder's level of project support

C:将该问题升级上报给项目推动者,并请求替换一个支持该项目的干系人

Escalate the issue to a project champion and request an alternate stakeholder that will support the project

D:执行干系人分析,以确定缺乏项目支持的原因并对这些原因进行优先级排序

Conduct a stakeholder analysis to identify and prioritize reasons for the lack of project support

A

13.干系人管理--干系人分析--先分析干系人,再引导干系人的参与。

干系人分析 :题干关键词 "干系人信息(权力、角色、利益、关系、态度、影响......)、识别完干系人、某干系人抵制项目"。

37、 [单选] 在项目执行期间,项目经理意识到对项目成功至关重要的几个关键干系人不包含在干系人参与计划中。项目经理应该如何让这些干系人参与并管理这些干系人?

During project execution,a project manager realizes that several key stakeholders critical to project success are not included in the stakeholder engagement plan. What should the project manager do to engage and manage these stakeholders?

A:了解新识别干系人的影响力和职权级别,并准备一份状态报告以向他们提供更新信息

Gain an understanding of the newly identified stakeholders' level of influence and authority

B:向新识别的干系人通知他们的项目职责

Inform the newly identified stakeholders of their project responsibilities

C:与所有干系人开会,介绍新识别的干系人

Meet with all stakeholders to include the realizes the newly identify stakeholders

D:将新识别的干系人添加至执行、负责、咨询和知情图,并向他们发送信息

Add the newly identified stakeholders to the responsible, accountable, consult, and inform (RACI) chart, and send them the information

A,D选项是RACI,责任分配矩阵的一种常见类型,使用执行、负责、咨询和知情等词语来定义相关方在项目活动中的参与状态。

13.干系人管理--管理干系人参与--在管理干系人参与过程中,需要开展多项活动,例如:在适当的项目阶段引导干系人参与,以便获取、确认或维持他们对项目成功的持续承诺;通过谈判沟通管理干系人期望;处理与干系人管理有关的任何风险或潜在关注点,预测干系人可能在未来引发的问题;澄清和解决已识别的问题。变更已批准,通过谈判与沟通处理干系人期望。

干系人搞事情--小事情开会,大事情上报领导

50、 [单选] 在项目执行阶段,项目经理了解到一些干系人认为已批准的变更是不必要的,所以他们对接受这些变更犹豫不决,这些变更对项目的成本和进度基准影响很小。项目经理应该做什么?

During a project's execution phase, the project manager learns that some stakeholders are hesitant to accept approved changes because they believe the changes are unnecessary. These changes have minimal effect on the project's cost and schedule baselines. What should the project manager do?

A:将该问题升级上报给高级管理层

Execute the issue to senior management

B:要求变更控制委员会(CCB)重新审查批准的变更

Ask the change control board (CCB) to re-review the approved changes

C:与这些干系人开会,打消他们的顾虑

Meet with these stakeholders do address their concerns

D:执行这些变更,因为它们的影响微不足道

Execute the changes since their impact is insignificant

是不是小问题项目经理自己解决,还是直接请大佬出马,按照老外思维,还是直接找大佬,选A。

13.干系人管理--变更请求--用于改善干系人当前参与水平的纠正及预防措施,应该通过实施整体变更控制纳入到干系人参与计划中。

53、 [单选] 一个关键项目落后于进度,并超出预算。项目管理办公室(PMO)的详细分析表明并非所有关键人员都被识别,并且没有积极的过程来接洽和管理这些人员。项目经理应该采取什么纠正措施?

A critical project is behind schedule and over budget. Detailed analysis by the project management office (PMO) revealed that not all key people were identified, and no active process for engaging and managing them. What corrective action should the project manager take?

A:改进干系人参与计划。

Improve the stakeholder management plan.

B:查看权力/利益方格。

Review the power/interest grid.

C:控制干系人参与程度。

Control stakeholder engagement.

D:更新沟通管理计划。

Update the communications management plan.

A

13.干系人管理--识别干系人--权力影响方格--基于干系人的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对干系人进行分类。与权力/利益方格类似,权力影响也是分成四个区间。

1、干系人分析:题干关键词 " 干系人信息(权力、角色、利益、关系、态度、影响......)、识别完干系人、某干系人抵制项目 "。

2、权力利益方格:题干关键词 " 职权级别、关心程度 "。

56、 [单选] 发起人启动了一个实施正常变更的项目,已识别了项目干系人,并且发起人要求项目经理根据他们的影响力和权力提供相关的参与的政策。项目经理应该做什么?

The sponsor initiated a project that implements normal changes, identified project stakeholders, and the sponsor asked the project manager to provide a relevant participation policy based on their influence and power. What should the project manager do?

A:访谈干系人

Interview with interested parties

B:使用干系人映射(影响)分析

Use Stakeholder Mapping (Impact) Analysis

C:参考干系人登记册

Reference to Register of Interested Parties

D:使用数据分析技术

Using data analysis techniques

B

13.干系人管理--监督干系人参与--监督项目干系人关系,并通过修订参与策略和计划来引导干系人合理参与项目的过程。干系人抵制项目,使用针对干系人的管理方法来进行管理。

?没有过硬依据,但是凭常识判断的

63、 [单选] 在新项目启动会议期间,因为项目需要采购新设备,生产经理拒绝接受批准的章程。项目经理通知项目发起人,由于生产经理缺席,章程未能包括设备采购。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?

During the start of the new project, the production manager refuses to accept the approved Charter because the project would require the procurement of new equipment. The project manager informs the project sponsor that the Charter fails to include equipment procurement due to the absence of the production manager. What should the project manager do next?

A:与客户一起审查生产经理关切的问题

To review the concerns of the production manager with customer

B:记录生产经理关切的问题,并在项目启动大会之后获得他们的支持

To record the concerns of the production manager and get their support after the project kick-off meeting

C:开展另一项成本效益分析,包括生产经理的反馈

To conduct another cost-benefit analysis, including feedback from the production managers

D:向生产经理解释设备成本不会影响项目业务价值

Explain to the production manager that equipment costs will not affect the business value of the project

B

13.干系人管理--反馈和演示--反馈用于确保发送给干系人的信息被接收和理解,演示为干系人提供清晰的信息。先了解客户对报告不满意的的原因,再收集相关需求。

69、 [单选] 一名项目经理被委任到正在执行的工程项目上。刚上任不久,他发现负责与客户沟通的玛丽经常抱怨客户对报告太挑剔,经常要求她对报告返工。项目经理应该首先做什么?

A project manager is appointed to a project under construction. Shortly after assuming this position, he finds that Mary, a member who is responsible for communicating with clients, often complains that a client is too picky about the report and often asks her to revise. What should the project manager do in the first place?

A:对玛丽进行报告编写技能的培训

To provide a training of report writing for Mary

B:向客户了解不满和要求

To know the dissatisfaction and requirements from the customer

C:告诉客户不要太挑剔

To tell the customer not to be too picky

D:让更能干的团队成员替代玛丽编写报告

To replace Mary with more capable member to write the report

B

13.干系人管理--识别干系人--登记册--记录干系人的身份信息、评估信息、干系人分类。识别完干系人更新干系人登记册。

71、 [单选] 一名初级项目经理被指派到一个新启动的项目,高级项目经理指示该初级项目经理去识别在项目中享有既得利益的人员。高级项目经理让初级项目经理创建的是下列哪一项?

A junior project manager is assigned to a newly initiated project, and the senior project manager instructs the junior project manager to identify the person who has a vested interest in the project. Which of the following items is created by the senior project manager for the junior project manager?

A:干系人管理计划

Related party management plan

B:项目团队清单

List of project teams

C:项目批准人清单

List of project approver

D:干系人登记册

Relevant party registers

D

13.干系人管理--项目成败--项目经理和团队正确识别并合理引导所有干系人参与的能力,能决定着项目的成败。

100、 [单选] 你负责管理某新产品开发项目。高级管理层已经签发项目章程,批准项目计划。项目进度和预算都十分紧张,质量要求也很高。在项目执行阶段,项目干系人一直通过项目沟通计划所规定的方法了解项目进展情况。项目的范围、进度、成本和质量都符合项目计划的要求。突然,你得知整个项目有可能被取消,因为开发的产品完全无法接受。导致这种情况的原因是什么?

You are responsible for the management of a new product development project. The senior management has issued the project charter and approved the project plan. The project schedule and budget are very tight and the quality requirements are extremely high. In the project execution phase, the project stakeholders get to know the project progress by using the method as specified in the project communication plan. The project scope, progress, cost and quality are in line with the requirements specified in the project plan. Unexpectedly, you are told that the whole project may be cancelled because the developed product is totally unacceptable. What is the possible reason?

A:没有识别出某个关键项目干系人

The stakeholder of a key project has not yet been identified

B:项目干系人误解了项目执行情况

The stakeholder misunderstands the status of project execution

C:高级管理层不再支持项目

The senior management no longer supports the project

D:项目遇到了技术上的重大难题

The project is stuck in a major technical problem

C

13.干系人管理--监督干系人参与--"动破坏项目工作",对项目造成了障碍,无论之前社区是否被识别为项目干系人,干系人参与计划都要进行调整。

?到底是先发起人干活,还是项目经理先干活,结果都不是,而是调整干系人参与计划

103、 [单选] 一个项目是为了开发一个新产品,在该项目开始几周后,当地社区煽动破坏项目工作。项目经理应该做什么?

A few weeks after a project to develop a new project begins,local community advocates disrupt project work.What should the project manager do?

A:要求项目发起人与当地社区团体接洽,解释项目的收益

Ask the project sponsor to engage with local community groups to explain the project's benefits

B:将该社区作为干系人添加进干系人参与计划中

Add the community as stakeholders in the stakeholder engagement plan

C:获取法律援助以重新获得项目控制权

Obtain legal assistance in regaining control of the project

D:告知社区必须联系他们的当地代表

Advise the community that their local representatives must be contacted

A

13.干系人管理--数据分析--基于干系人的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对干系人进行分类。新干系人加入董事会,执行的决定影响到项目进展,说明该干系人权力大、利益大,根据权力利益方格,针对这类干系人,项目经理应该密切关注,因此首先应该向其展示项目,让其了解情况。

日志更新问题

问题日志、变更日志、风险登记册随时更新,但要依据场景:

(1)问题、变更紧急时,优先处理问题;

(2)风险发生前先更新风险登记册,风险发生后先处理风险。

126、 [单选] 在一个大项目的执行阶段中期,一个不熟悉项目的新干系人加入了董事会,影响了项目的决策。这种变化正在影响项目的进度。项目经理应该先做些什么?

In the middle of the execution phase for a big project, a new stakeholder who was unfamiliar with the project joined the board of directors and is influencing the decisions made in the project. This change is impacting the project's progress. What should the project manager do first?

A:通知客户有关变更的信息。

Inform the client about the change.

B:用一个新的风险来更新风险登记册。

Update the risk register with a new risk.

C:向干系人展示该项目。

Present the project to the stakeholder.

D:修订项目进度计划。

Revise the project schedule.

C

13.干系人管理--管理干系人参与--项目经理和团队正确识别并合理引导所有干系人参与的能力,能决定着项目的成败。管理干系人参与可以提升来自干系人的支持,市场总监不了解混合方法,我们可以协助知道他用混合方法。

138、 [单选] 市场营销团队正在转向在他们的项目中使用混合方法。市场总监不了解混合方法,而项目经理需要总监的支持,因为市场总监是一个关键的干系人。项目经理应该怎么做来获得支持?

The marketing team is transitioning to using hybrid approaches for their projects. The marketing director is not knowledgeable about hybrid methodologies, and the project manager needs the director's support as the marketing director is a key stakeholder. What should the project manager do to obtain the support?

A:培训市场营销团队,并随时通知总监。

Train the marketing team and keep the director informed.

B:指导市场总监采用混合方法。

Mentor the marketing director on hybrid approaches.

C:请市场营销团队成员来指导总监。

Ask the marketing team members to coach the director.

D:请市场总监参加日常会议。

Ask the marketing director to participate in daily meetings.

B

三模

13.干系人管理--管理干系人参与--人的问题先沟通,告之客户影响。

16、 [单选] 一名外部项目经理正在管理着一家大公司的新办公室的建设工作。项目管理计划规定必须与训练有素的外部资源订立合同,由其对重要的项目要素加以修改和验证,由于成本高昂(尽管在项目预算之内),客户拒绝了雇用外部资源。项目经理应该如何解决这一问题?

An external project manager is managing the construction of new corporate offices for a large company. The project management plan states that it is necessary to contract a highly trained external resource to revise and validate an important project component. The client has rejected hiring the external resource because of the high cost, even though it is within the project budget. What should the project manager do to resolve this issue?

A:雇用相关资源,以便实现项目目标。

Hire the resource in order to achieve the project objectives.

B:评估后果,与客户会面并向其解释可能会出现的情况。

Evaluate the consequences and meet with the client to explain the possible scenarios.

C:尽力通过公司内部其他项目的资源实现目标。

Try to accomplish the task internally by leveling resources from other projects.

D:与客户开会,向其说明将不会履行该任务。

Ask the client for a meeting and explain that the task will not be performed.

B

易错13.干系人管理--引导干系人参与--要让干系人参与到项目中来。确认项目的优先级。

!!!14.敏捷--所以创建待办事项列表不只是产品负责人的活

创建优先待办事项列表不是产品负责人的活吗,难道是因为项目经理跨职能,能充当产品负责人,而且还是跟干系人一起合作出列表,所以创建待办事项列表不只是产品负责人的活

28、 [单选] 项目经理是跨职能敏捷团队中的一员。项目经理被分配了一个具有多个功能的软件项目,该项目将花费团队大约一年的时间来完成。首席执行官坚持认为,解决方案需要满足年底的业务目标,也就是6个月后的目标。项目经理应该做什么来使干系人的需求和期望一致?

A project manager is in a cross-functional agile team. The project manager has been assigned a software project with multiple features that will take the team about a year to complete. The CEO is insisting that the solution needs to meet business goals for the year end, which is due in 6 months. What should the project manager do to align stakeholders' needs and expectations?

A:与干系人合作,创建优先待办事项列表事项并发布路线图。 【创建优先待办事项列表不是产品负责人的活吗】

Work with the stakeholders to create a prioritized backlog and release a roadmap.

B:将要求修改为可在6个月内完成的要求。

Modify the requirements to those that can be completed in 6 months.

C:实施快速跟进和赶工活动,在6个月内完成项目。

Implement fast-tracking and crashing activities to complete the project in 6 months.

D:在日常scrum会议中包括所有干系人,让他们了解情况。

Include all stakeholders in daily scrum meetings to keep them informed.

D A

13.干系人管理--干系人参与度评估矩阵

• 不了解型。不知道项目。

• 抵制型。知道项目,但抵制。

• 中立型。了解项目,但既不支持,也不反对。

• 支持型。了解项目,会支持。

• 领导型。了解项目,而且积极参与以确保目取得成功。

38、 [单选] 项目经理负责一个有100多个干系人的跨国项目。项目经理关心的是成功交付项目所需的适当的干系人参与和参与水平。项目经理应该做什么?

A project manager is working on a multinational project that has more than 100 stakeholders. The project manager is concerned about the appropriate stakeholder participation and involvement level required for successful project delivery. What should the project manager do?

A:与干系人沟通,寻找解决方案。

Communicate with the stakeholders to find a solution.

B:与项目干系人一起审查问题日志。

Review the issue log with the project stakeholders.

C:评估干系人参与评估矩阵。

Evaluate the stakeholder engagement assessment matrix.

D:进行干系人假设条件和约束分析。

Perform a stakeholder assumption and constraint analysis.

C

4.整合管理--根本原因分析--根本原因分析关注识别问题的主要原因,它可用于识别出现偏差的原因以及项目经理为达成项目目标应重点关注的领域。--先B再A。先对情况进行分析,发现产生误解的根本原因。再对所有的干系人调研以达成共识。

13.干系人管理--干系人分析--题干关键词"干系人信息(权力、角色、利益、关系、态度、影响......)、识别完干系人、某干系人抵制项目"。

50、 [单选] 项目经理难以使项目需求获批,因为项目干系人之间存在意见分歧,这一问题正导致项目进度计划面临风险。项目经理首先该做什么来促使项目需求获批?

The project manager is having difficulty obtaining approval of the project requirements because there is disagreement among the project stakeholders. This issue is putting the project schedule at risk. What should the project manager do first to facilitate the approval of project requirements?

A:进行干系人分析。Perform a stakeholder analysis.

B:识别分歧的缘由。Identify the source of the disagreement.

C:举办团队建设活动。Hold a team-building event.

D:查阅项目章程。Review the project charter.

B

易错13.干系人管理--干系人参与计划--干系人参与计划是项目管理计划的组成部分。它确定用于促进干系人有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。

易错选沟通管理计划,因为题干有沟通--这不属于项目信息的问题,而是干系人直接决策的问题,因此选A而非B。

53、 [单选] 在项目开展过程中,项目经理的直接主管在其不知情的情况下,直接与客户沟通,批准相关变更。这令项目团队非常困惑,因为项目范围的背景正在发生变化,但这只在项目会议中有所提及,项目经理该如何应对这种情况?

During the course of a project, the project manager's immediate director is communicating directly with the client to approve changes without the project manager's knowledge. This is causing confusion in the project team where the scope is changing in the background, but only being mentioned in project meetings. How should the project manager handle this?

A:审视干系人参与计划,并实施相应的行动计划。

Review the stakeholder engagement plan and put in place any existing actions accordingly.

B:直接与主管沟通,使其了解沟通管理计划。

Communicate directly with the director and inform them of the communications management plan.

C:与项目团队讨论这些问题,让其知道项目经理将会处理范围变更事宜。

Discuss the issues with the project team and let them know that the project manager will handle scope changes.

D:直接与客户沟通,表明任何范围变更须经项目经理同意。

Communicate directly with the client stating that any scope changes must go through the project manager.

B A
要理解沟通与干系人的核心区分

13.干系人管理--管理干系人参与--干系人开始抵制项目,要管理好发起人。

6.进度管理--7、资源平衡:题干关键词 "资源有限、过度分配、关键路径改变"。8、资源平滑:题干关键词 "无法实现资源优化"、"不改变关键路径"。题目都没有提及。

57、 [单选] 在项目设计阶段,项目经理注意到进度绩效指数(SPI)为1.8,成本绩效指数(CPI)为0.1,在与高层管理人员召开的每周例会上,项目经理报告了关于这些指标的顾虑。但顾虑最大之人正是项目发起人,他/她说如果这种趋势继续下去,他们将被迫提前关闭项目。项目经理应该怎么做?

During the design phase of a project, the project manager notices that the schedule performance index (SPl) is 1.8 and the cost performance index (CPI) is 0.1. In a weekly meeting with top management, the project manager reports concerns about these indicators. However, the most concerned person was the project sponsor who said that if the trend continues, they will be forced to prematurely close the project. What should the project manager do?

A:停止赶工加快进度计划。

Stop crashing the schedule.

B:关注项目发起人,但要理解在项目设计阶段支出增加非常正常。

Monitor the project sponsor, but understand that it is normal to spend more money in the design phase of a project.

C:运用资源平衡技术。

Use a resource-leveling technique.

D:密切跟进了解项目发起人,并修改项目的资源管理计划,以改善指标。

Manage the project sponsor closely and revise the project's resource management plan to improve indicators.

D

13.干系人管理--识别干系人--权力利益方格--基于干系人的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对干系人进行分类。--权力高、利益高,需要重点管理。

81、 [单选] 董事会的一名成员是一个对组织非常重要的项目的发起人。该干系人有诸多其他优先要务,目前没有参与到项目活动中,项目经理应如何促使干系人参与到项目中?

A member of the board of directors is the sponsor of a project that is important to the organization. This stakeholder has many other priorities and is not currently engaged in the project activities. How should the stakeholder be engaged in the project?

A:与该干系人协商,使其提高兴趣度。

Consult with the stakeholder and increase their level of interest.

B:让该干系人参与治理和决策过程。

Involve the stakeholder in governance and decision making.

C:该干系人需要了解项目进展情况。

The stakeholder needs to be made aware of the project progress.

D:让该干系人随时了解相关情况,并根据其需要与其协商。

Keep the stakeholder informed and consult with them based on their needs.

B

13.干系人管理--干系人参与计划--干系人参与计划是项目管理计划的组成部分。它确定用于促进干系人有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。

14.敏捷--产品待办事项列表--项目经理与发起人和关键干系人一起确定产品待办事项列表中的优先要务

90、 [单选] A公司的一个项目在最后一个迭代结束前在既定的范围、进度计划和预算内成功交付,但在项目的庆祝仪式上,其中一位业务干系人却表示,他们认为该项目非常失败,因为它未增加任何商业价值。项目经理本应采取什么措施来避免这种认知?

A project for Company A was successfully delivered within scope, schedule, and budget by the end of the last iteration. However, during the project celebration ceremony, one of the business stakeholders says they perceive the project as a failure as it did not add any business value. What should the project manager have done to avoid this perception?

A:确认是否已制定沟通管理计划,使业务干系人认识到项目的成功之处。

Confirmed that there is a communications management plan in place make business stakeholders aware of the success.

B:让业务干系人参加冲刺回顾会议。

Involved the business stakeholders in the sprint review.

C:与发起人和关键干系人一起确定产品待办事项列表中的优先要务,以便交付商业利益。

Defined product backlog priorities with the sponsor and key stakeholders to deliver business benefits.

D:为关键干系人开展收尾调研。

Implemented a closing survey for key stakeholders.

C

13.干系人管理--干系人参与计划--干系人参与计划是项目管理计划的组成部分。它确定用于促进干系人有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。--规划好干系人的定期决策,让干系人持续参与项目。

115、 [单选] 一个战略计划的项目经理发现一个新干系人对该项目感兴趣,希望确保该干系人充分了解该项目的目的、目标、效益和风险,项目经理该做什么来推动项目取得成功?

A project manager for a strategic initiative realizes a new stakeholder is interested in the project and wants to ensure the stakeholder is fully aware of the goals, objectives, benefits, and risks of the project. What should the project manager do to enhance the success of the project?

A:安排与该新干系人举行会议。

Schedule a meeting with the new stakeholder.

B:将该新干系人增加到沟通管理计划中。

Add the new stakeholder to the communications management plan.

C:向该新干系人分享项目状态。

Share the project status reports with the new stakeholder.

D:更新干系人参与计划。

Update the stakeholder engagement plan.

D

13.干系人管理--引导干系人参与--为提高成功的可能性,应该在项目章程被批准、项目经理被委任,以及团队开始组建之后,尽早开始识别干系人并引导干系人参与。--需要决策或反馈的人没有时间,这种情况一般要其指派一名人员代为反馈。

A不一定可以解决需求,直接上C,但是答案选A,又开始委婉了,不过做项目确实是派代表,看来老外也不是那么直接了当。

125、 [单选] 一个新的系统项目在讨论解决方案的开始阶段,和与其他职能经理会面之前需要会计经理的反馈。项目经理知道会计经理在解决方案文档的截止日期前的几天才会有空。项目经理应该做什么来避免项目延误?

A new systems project requires feedback from the accounting manager at the beginning of solution discussions and before meeting with other functional managers. The project manager knows the accounting manager will not be available until a few days before the deadline for the solution document. What should the project manager do to avoid a delay in the project?

A:要求会计经理委派一个能够支持项目的团队成员。

Ask the accounting manager to delegate a team member who can support the project.

B:等待会计经理有空,同时寻找后续的任务,看哪些可以压缩。

Wait for the accounting manager to be available while identifying subsequent tasks that can be compressed.

C:要求发起人指示会计经理的上级提供一个替代资源。

Request that the sponsor direct the accounting manager's supervisor to provide a replacement resource.

D:开始与其他职能经理的讨论,并在稍后与会计经理会面。

Begin discussions with other functional managers and meet with the accounting manager later.

C A

13.干系人管理--管理干系人参与--遭遇干系人的抵制,需要了解干系人的关注点,并更新干系人的参与计划。

在管理干系人参与过程中,需要开展多项活动,例如:

• 在适当的项目阶段引导干系人参与,以便获取、确认或维持他们对项目成功的持续承诺;

• 通过谈判沟通管理干系人期望;

• 处理与干系人管理有关的任何风险或潜在关注点,预测干系人可能在未来引发的问题;

• 澄清和解决已识别的问题。

128、 [单选] 项目经理正在实施一个企业范围内的软件项目。该项目具有很大的商业影响,并得到了高级管理层的全力支持。然而,该项目经理在争取几个关键部门的支持方面遇到了困难。项目经理该怎么做呢?

A project manager is implementing an enterprise wide software project. The project has a great business impact and is fully supported by senior management. However, the project manager is facing difficulties gelling the support of several key departments. What should the project manager do?

A:要求高层与这些部门进行沟通。

Ask senior management to communicate with these departments.

B:雇用一名项目管理顾问协助解决问题。

Hire a project management consultant to help resolve the issue.

C:说服高级管理人员给抗拒的部门提供奖励。

Convince senior management to introduce rewards to resisting departments.

D:了解部门关注的问题并重新审视干系人参与计划。

Understand the departments concerns and revisit the stakeholder engagement plan.

D

13.干系人管理--管理干系人参与--干系人无法来参会,则需要派代表来参加。

在管理干系人参与过程中,需要开展多项活动,例如:

• 在适当的项目阶段引导干系人参与,以便获取、确认或维持他们对项目成功的持续承诺;

• 通过谈判沟通管理干系人期望;

• 处理与干系人管理有关的任何风险或潜在关注点,预测干系人可能在未来引发的问题;

• 澄清和解决已识别的问题

136、 [单选] 在项目执行过程中,项目经理希望在用户参与之前先让业务负责人参与进来。然而,业务负责人也参与了另一个大型项目,不能参加这个项目的会议。项目经理应该首先做什么?

During project execution, a project manager wants to involve the business lead before the users are involved in the project. However, the business lead is also engaged in another big project and cannot join this project meeting. What should the project manager do first?

A:请求业务负责人的代表与团队沟通并处理过渡工作。

Ask a delegate from the business lead to communicate and handle the transition work.

B:将变更和潜在用户影响总结在电子邮件中,并发送给业务主管。

Summarize the changes and potential user impact in an email and send it to the business lead.

C:调整项目完成日期,直到业务负责人能够参与讨论。

Adjust the project completion date until the business lead is able to engage in the discussion.

D:增加资源以回答用户和业务负责人在项目期间可能提出的问题。

Add resources to answer questions that the users and business lead will have during the project.

A

13.干系人管理--管理干系人参与--新的干系人对项目有新的想法,需要进行项目目标、愿景等方面的充分沟通。

在管理干系人参与过程中,需要开展多项活动,例如:

• 在适当的项目阶段引导干系人参与,以便获取、确认或维持他们对项目成功的持续承诺;

• 通过谈判沟通管理干系人期望;

• 处理与干系人管理有关的任何风险或潜在关注点,预测干系人可能在未来引发的问题;

• 澄清和解决已识别的问题。

144、 [单选] 一个项目经理一直在进行一个关键的项目,以转变组织的运营。项目经理成功完成了四个冲刺,然后创新总监被替换了。新的总监暂停了项目,直到制定新的战略。项目经理应该首先做什么?

A project manager has been working on a critical project to transform an organization's operations. The project manager had successfully completed four sprints when the innovation director was rep laced. The new director placed a hold on the project until a new strategy can be put in place. What should the project manager do first?

A:与新的总监讨论愿景和可能的影响。

Discuss the vision and possible impacts with the new director.

B:与新的总监回顾之前项目的风险管理计划。

Review the risk management plan from previous projects with the new director.

C:升级到项目发起人,解除项目暂停。

Escalate to the project sponsor to remove the project hold.

D:寻求新的总监批准以替换当前的应急预算。

Seek approval from the new director to replace the current contingency budget.

A

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