To build OpenSSL 1.1.1w from source on Debian 11 (x86_64), follow these steps:
1. Install Dependencies
Before compiling OpenSSL, ensure you have the necessary build tools and dependencies installed:
            
            
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          sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y build-essential checkinstall perl zlib1g-dev2. Download and Extract OpenSSL Source
            
            
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          wget https://github.com/openssl/openssl/releases/download/OpenSSL_1_1_1w/openssl-1.1.1w.tar.gz
tar -xvzf openssl-1.1.1w.tar.gz
cd openssl-1.1.1w3. Configure OpenSSL
Configure OpenSSL with a suitable prefix (e.g., /usr/local/ssl) and enable optimizations:
            
            
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          ./config --prefix=/usr/local/ssl --openssldir=/usr/local/ssl shared zlibIf you need static libraries instead, remove shared.
4. Compile and Install
            
            
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          make -j$(nproc)  # Compiles using all available CPU cores
sudo make install5. Update Library Paths
Ensure your system uses the newly compiled OpenSSL instead of the default Debian version.
5.1 Add OpenSSL to Library Path
            
            
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          echo "/usr/local/ssl/lib" | sudo tee -a /etc/ld.so.conf.d/openssl-1.1.1w.conf
sudo ldconfig5.2 Update System Paths
Modify your environment variables to prioritize the new OpenSSL:
            
            
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          echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/ssl/bin:$PATH"' | sudo tee -a /etc/profile.d/openssl.sh
source /etc/profile.d/openssl.sh6. Verify Installation
Check if the new OpenSSL version is in use:
            
            
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          openssl version -aYou should see OpenSSL 1.1.1w and the correct installation path.