使用haproxy实现MySQL服务器负载均衡

obboda2025-02-28 14:50

一、环境准备

|-------------|----------------|----------------|
| 主机名 | IP地址 | 备注 |
| openEuler-1 | 192.168.121.11 | mysql-server-1 |
| openEuler-2 | 192.168.121.12 | mysql-server-2 |
| openEuler-3 | 192.168.121.13 | client |
| Rocky-1 | 192.168.121.51 | haproxy |

二、mysql-server配置

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[root@openEuler-1 ~]# yum install -y mariadb-server
[root@openEuler-1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=11     # 另一台主机为12

# 授权用户（mariadb授权自动创建用户）
[root@openEuler-1 ~]# systemctl enable --now mariadb
[root@openEuler-1 ~]# mysql -e "grant all on *.* to test@'192.168.121.%' identified by '123456'"

三、haproxy配置

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[root@Rocky-1 ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/conf.d/mysql.cfg
listen mysql_port
  bind 192.168.121.51:3306
  mode tcp
  balance leastconn
  server mysql1 192.168.121.11:3306 check
  server mysql2 192.168.121.12:3306 check

# 或者使用frontend和backend实现
frontend mysql
        bind :3306
        mode tcp                            #必须指定tcp模式
        default_backend mysqlsrvs
backend mysqlsrvs
        mode tcp                            #必须指定tcp模式
        balance leastconn
        server mysql1 192.168.121.11:3306
        server mysql2 192.168.121.11:3306


# 检查配置文件
[root@Rocky-1 ~]# haproxy -c -f /etc/haproxy/conf.d/mysql.cfg
[root@Rocky-1 ~]# systemctl restart haproxy.service

四、client测试

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[root@openEuler-3 ~]# mysql -utest -p123456 -h192.168.121.51 -e "select @@server_id"
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
|          11 |
+-------------+
[root@openEuler-3 ~]# mysql -utest -p123456 -h192.168.121.51 -e "select @@server_id"
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
|          12 |
+-------------+