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"欲穷千里目,更上一层楼。会当凌绝顶,一览众山小。"
目录
[student 表(学生表)](#student 表(学生表))
[course 表(课程表)](#course 表(课程表))
[teacher 表(教师表)](#teacher 表(教师表))
[score 表(成绩表)](#score 表(成绩表))
[2. 插入数据](#2. 插入数据)
[student 表中的数据](#student 表中的数据)
[course 表中的数据](#course 表中的数据)
[teacher 表中的数据](#teacher 表中的数据)
[score 表中的数据](#score 表中的数据)
[2-1 简单查询语句](#2-1 简单查询语句)
[2-2 分组统计](#2-2 分组统计)
实验二单表查询
实验目的:
通过实验掌握数据库系统单表查询的方法
1.实验数据如下
student 表(学生表)
CREATE TABLE student (
sno CHAR(5) PRIMARY KEY,
snme VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
sdept VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
sclass CHAR(2) NOT NULL,
ssex CHAR(1),
birthday DATE,
totalcredit DECIMAL(4,1)
);
course 表(课程表)
CREATE TABLE course (
cno CHAR(3) PRIMARY KEY,
cname VARCHAR(50),
ctime DECIMAL(3,0),
credit DECIMAL(3,1)
);
teacher 表(教师表)
CREATE TABLE teacher (
tno CHAR(6) PRIMARY KEY,
tname VARCHAR(20),
tsex CHAR(1),
tdept VARCHAR(20)
);
score 表(成绩表)
CREATE TABLE score (
sno CHAR(5),
cno CHAR(3),
tno CHAR(6),
grade DECIMAL(5,1),
PRIMARY KEY (sno, cno, tno),
CONSTRAINT fk_sno FOREIGN KEY(sno) REFERENCES student(sno),
CONSTRAINT fk_cno FOREIGN KEY(cno) REFERENCES course(cno),
CONSTRAINT fk_tno FOREIGN KEY(tno) REFERENCES teacher(tno)
);
2. 插入数据
student 表中的数据
INSERT INTO student VALUES('96001', '马小燕', '计算机', '01', '女', '2000/01/02', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('96002', '黎明', '计算机', '01', '男', '2000/03/05', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('96003', '刘东明', '数学', '01', '男', '2000/10/05', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('96004', '赵志勇', '信息', '02', '男', '2000/08/08', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('97001', '马蓉', '数学', '02', '女', '2001/03/04', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('97002', '李成功', '计算机', '01', '男', '2001/09/10', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('97003', '黎明', '信息', '03', '女', '2002/02/08', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('97004', '李丽', '计算机', '02', '女', '2002/01/05', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('96005', '司马志明', '计算机', '02', '男', '2001/11/23', 0);
course 表中的数据
INSERT INTO course VALUES('001', '数学分析', 64, 4);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('002', '普通物理', 64, 4);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('003', '微机原理', 56, 3.5);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('004', '数据结构', 64, 4);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('005', '操作系统', 56, 3.5);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('006', '数据库原理', 56, 3.5);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('007', '编译原理', 48, 3);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('008', '程序设计', 32, 2);
teacher 表中的数据
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052501', '王成刚', '男', '计算机');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052502', '李正科', '男', '计算机');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052503', '严敏', '女', '数学');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052504', '赵高', '男', '数学');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052505', '刘玉兰', '女', '计算机');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052506', '王成刚', '男', '信息');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052507', '马悦', '女', '计算机');
score 表中的数据
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96001', '001', '052503', 77.5);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96001', '003', '052501', 89);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96001', '004', '052502', 86);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96001', '005', '052505', 82);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96002', '001', '052504', 88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96002', '003', '052502', 92.5);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96002', '006', '052507', 90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96005', '004', '052502', 92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96005', '005', '052505', 90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96005', '006', '052505', 89);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96005', '007', '052507', 78);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96003', '001', '052504', 69);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97001', '001', '052504', 96);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97001', '008', '052505', 95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96004', '001', '052503', 87);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96003', '003', '052501', 91);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97002', '003', '052502', 91);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97002', '004', '052505', NULL);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97002', '006', '052507', 92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97004', '005', '052502', 90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97004', '006', '052501', 85);
注:把上面的实验数据添加上再开始实验。
2-1 简单查询语句
-
查询年龄大于20的学生的学号、姓名和年龄,结果列别名为"学号""姓名""年龄"
select sno 学号, snme 姓名, datediff(now(),birthday)/365 年龄
from student where date_add(birthday,interval 20 year)<now();

-
查询选修了课程的学生学号,结果表中学号显示唯一
select distinct sno from score;

-
查询不是计算机系或信息系的学生
select *from student where sdept not in ('计算机','信息');

-
查询学时在1~50的课程信息
select *from course where ctime between 1 and 50;

查询姓名长度至少是3个汉字且倒数第三个汉字必须是"马"的学生
select *from student where snme like '%马__';

-
查询选修老师编号为052501、成绩在80~90、学号为96xxx的学生成绩
select *from score where sno like '96%'
and tno ='052501' and grade between 80 and 90;

-
查询没有成绩的学生的学号和课程号
select *from score where grade is null;

2-2 分组统计
-
查询学生总人数
select count(*) from student;

-
查询选修了课程的学生人数
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT 学号) AS 选修课程学生人数
FROM 选修;

-
查询选修各门课程的最高、最低与平均成绩
select cno,max(grade),min(grade),avg(grade) from score group by cno;

-
查询学生人数不足3人的系别及其相应的学生人数
select sdept 系,count() from student group by sdept having count()<3 ;

-
查询各系中各班的学生人数,结果按班级人数降序排列
select sdept,sclass,count() from student group by sdept,
sclass order by count() desc;
