1.2 使用RawInputSharp来取得键盘硬件信息以及虚拟码

RawInputSharp 是一个 C# 库，用于处理 Windows 的原始输入(Raw Input) API，它允许开发者直接访问键盘、鼠标等输入设备的底层数据。

本例介绍如何读取键盘的虚拟码以及键盘硬件信息。效果如下图：

示例中：开始是1键的按下与抬起； 然后是shift+1键的按下与抬起。

注意shift的虚拟键是16. 因为是手按的shift晚抬起：shift按下->1按下->1抬起->shift抬起。

具体实现步骤如下：

1. 通过NuGet包安装 RawInput.Sharp.

2. 实际代码如下：

 public partial class MainWindow : Window
 {
     public MainWindow()
     {
         InitializeComponent();
         this.SourceInitialized += MainWindow_SourceInitialized;        
     }

     private void MainWindow_SourceInitialized(object sender, EventArgs e)
     {
         var windowInteropHelper = new WindowInteropHelper(this);
         var hwnd = windowInteropHelper.Handle;

        // Get the devices that can be handled with Raw Input.
         var devices = RawInputDevice.GetDevices();

         var keyboards = devices.OfType<RawInputKeyboard>();
         foreach (var item in keyboards)
         {
             Console.WriteLine(item.DevicePath);
         }
         // register the keyboard device and you can register device which you need like mouse
         RawInputDevice.RegisterDevice(HidUsageAndPage.Keyboard, RawInputDeviceFlags.ExInputSink, hwnd);

         HwndSource source = HwndSource.FromHwnd(hwnd);
         source.AddHook(Hook);
     }

     private IntPtr Hook(IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wparam, IntPtr lparam, ref bool handled)
     {
         const int WM_INPUT = 0x00FF;
         try
         {
             // You can read inputs by processing the WM_INPUT message.
             if (msg == WM_INPUT)
             {
                 // Create an RawInputData from the handle stored in lParam.
                 var data = RawInputData.FromHandle(lparam);

                 // You can identify the source device using Header.DeviceHandle or just Device.
                 var sourceDeviceHandle = data.Header.DeviceHandle;
                 var sourceDevice = data.Device;

                 // The data will be an instance of either RawInputMouseData, RawInputKeyboardData, or RawInputHidData.
                 // They contain the raw input data in their properties.
                 switch (data)
                 {
                     case RawInputKeyboardData keyboard:
                         if (keyboard.Device == null || keyboard.Device.DevicePath == null)
                         {
                             break;
                         }
                         Console.WriteLine(keyboard.Device.DevicePath + "----" + keyboard.Keyboard);                            
                         break;
                 }
             }
         }
         catch (Exception ex)
         {
             ;
         }

         return IntPtr.Zero;
     }
 }