Rsync实操
一.rsync命令
#类似于cp
[root@user2 ~]# rsync info.sh root@192.168.168.130:/root
root@192.168.168.130's password:
[root@user1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg ceph-release-1-1.el7.noarch.rpm info.sh二、使用rsync备份push方式
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服务器：server 192.168.168.130（需要进行数据备份的主机）
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客户端：client 192.168.168.131 （备份存储的主机）
在客户端上编写rsync配置文件，创建一个存放备份的同步目录
[root@targetpc ~]# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf
[root@targetpc ~]# cat /etc/rsyncd.conf
port=873
address = 192.168.168.131 #客户端地址
uid = root
gid = root
use chroot = yes
max connections = 4
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
motd file = /etc/rsyncd.motd #可弄可不弄
hosts allow = 192.168.168.0/24 #允许哪个网段传输数据
[data] #网络名
path = /data/backup #数据存储目录 真实名 需要创建
comment = bakcup data
read only = false
list = yes
#独立验证
auth users = rsyncuser
secrets file = /etc/rsync.passwd #自己创建
#设置独立账户密码
[root@targetpc ~]# vim /etc/rsync.passwd
#添加权限
[root@targetpc ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd
[root@targetpc ~]# vim /etc/rsync.passwd
[root@targetpc ~]# cat /etc/rsync.passwd
rsyncuser:123
#设置标语
[root@targetpc ~]# echo "来送数据了" > /etc/rsyncd.motd
[root@targetpc ~]# systemctl restart rsyncd
#测试 服务器测试
[root@sourcepc data]# ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt aaa
[root@sourcepc data]# rsync -avz /data/* rsyncuser@192.168.168.131::data
来送数据了
Password:
sending incremental file list
3.txt
sent 155 bytes received 36 bytes 20.11 bytes/sec
total size is 0 speedup is 0.00
#客户主机结果
[root@targetpc backup]# ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt aaa
三、测试--delete命令push
#--delete实验 不能与*同时用
[root@targetpc backup]# ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt aaa del.txt
[root@sourcepc data]# ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt aaa
[root@sourcepc data]# rsync -avz --delete /data/* rsyncuser@192.168.168.131::data
来送数据了
Password:
sending incremental file list
sent 119 bytes received 13 bytes 13.89 bytes/sec
total size is 0 speedup is 0.00
[root@targetpc backup]# ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt aaa del.txt
#使用--delete时 去掉*
[root@sourcepc data]# rsync -avz --delete /data/ rsyncuser@192.168.168.131::data
来送数据了
Password:
sending incremental file list
deleting del.txt
./
sent 149 bytes received 31 bytes 18.95 bytes/sec
total size is 0 speedup is 0.00
[root@targetpc backup]# ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt aaa四、免密同步
#免密
[root@sourcepc data]# echo "123" > /etc/rsync.passwd
[root@sourcepc data]# rsync -avz --delete /data/ rsyncuser@192.168.168.131::data --password-file=/etc/rsync.passwd #注意时--password 全称
来送数据了
ERROR: password file must not be other-accessible
rsync error: syntax or usage error (code 1) at authenticate.c(196) [sender=3.1.2]
#设置权限
[root@sourcepc data]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd
[root@sourcepc data]# rsync -avz --delete /data/ rsyncuser@192.168.168.131::data --password-file=/etc/rsync.passwd
来送数据了
sending incremental file list
sent 142 bytes received 13 bytes 23.85 bytes/sec
total size is 0 speedup is 0.00五、pull模式
以上的同步过程都是服务端主动推送数据给目标主机，这里演示下目标主机主动拉取数据进行同步
# 服务端上配置/etc/rsyncd.conf文件
port=873
address = 192.168.168.130
uid = root
gid = root
use chroot = yes
max connections = 4
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
#motd file = /etc/rsyncd.motd
hosts allow = 192.168.168.0/24
[data]
path = /data
comment = data
read only = false
list = yes
auth users = rsyncuser
secrets file = /etc/rsync.passwd
# 认证文件
[root@sourcepc log]# cat /etc/rsync.passwd
rsyncuser:123
# 服务端上启动rsync
[root@sourcepc log]# systemctl start rsyncd
[root@sourcepc log]# systemctl status rsyncd
● rsyncd.service - fast remote file copy program daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 四 2025-06-19 20:35:23 CST; 2s ago
Main PID: 2097 (rsync)
CGroup: /system.slice/rsyncd.service
└─2097 /usr/bin/rsync --daemon --no-detach
6月 19 20:35:23 sourcepc systemd[1]: Started fast remote file copy program daemon.
# 目标主机上拉取数据
[root@client data]# rsync -avz rsyncuser@192.168.168.130::data /data
Password:
receiving incremental file list
./
1.txt
2.txt
3.txt
aaa12/
bbb/
ccc/
sent 100 bytes received 305 bytes 162.00 bytes/sec
total size is 0 speedup is 0.00
[root@client data]# ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt aaa12 backup bbb ccc六、rsync+sersync 实现数据实时同步push
#在需要备份主机处 安装sersync 使用的外部安装包
#使用rz 调入安装包
[root@sourcepc ~]# rz
[root@sourcepc ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg info.sh
ceph-release-1-1.el7.noarch.rpm sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
#解压
[root@sourcepc ~]# tar -xf sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
[root@sourcepc ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg GNU-Linux-x86 sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
ceph-release-1-1.el7.noarch.rpm info.sh
#进行配置
[root@sourcepc ~]# cd GNU-Linux-x86/
[root@sourcepc GNU-Linux-x86]# ls
confxml.xml sersync2
[root@sourcepc GNU-Linux-x86]# vim confxml.xml
#修改的部分
</filter>
<inotify>
<delete start="true"/>
<createFolder start="true"/>
<createFile start="true"/>
<closeWrite start="true"/>
<moveFrom start="true"/>
<moveTo start="true"/>
<attrib start="true"/>
<modify start="true"/>
</inotify>
<sersync>
<localpath watch="/data">
<remote ip="192.168.168.131" name="data"/>
<!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>-->
<!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>-->
</localpath>
<rsync>
<commonParams params="-artuz"/>
<auth start="true" users="rsyncuser" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.passwd"/>
<userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 -->
<timeout start="false" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 -->
<ssh start="false"/>
</rsync>
#执行文件
[root@sourcepc GNU-Linux-x86]# ./sersync2 -d -r -o ./confxml.xml
set the system param
execute：echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
execute：echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events
parse the command param
option: -d run as a daemon
option: -r rsync all the local files to the remote servers before the sersync work
option: -o config xml name： ./confxml.xml
daemon thread num: 10
parse xml config file
host ip : localhost host port: 8008
will ignore the inotify createFile event
daemon start，sersync run behind the console
use rsync password-file :
user is rsyncuser
passwordfile is /etc/rsync.passwd
config xml parse success
please set /etc/rsyncd.conf max connections=0 Manually
sersync working thread 12 = 1(primary thread) + 1(fail retry thread) + 10(daemon sub threads)
Max threads numbers is: 22 = 12(Thread pool nums) + 10(Sub threads)
please according your cpu ，use -n param to adjust the cpu rate
------------------------------------------
rsync the directory recursivly to the remote servers once
working please wait...
execute command: cd /data && rsync -artuz -R --delete ./ rsyncuser@192.168.168.131::data --password-file=/etc/rsync.passwd >/dev/null 2>&1
[root@sourcepc GNU-Linux-x86]# run the sersync:
watch path is: /data
#测试
[root@sourcepc data]# ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt aaa
[root@sourcepc data]# mkdir bbb
[root@targetpc backup]# ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt aaa bbb
[root@sourcepc data]# ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt aaa bbb ccc
[root@sourcepc data]# mv aaa aaa12
[root@targetpc backup]# ls
1.txt 2.txt 3.txt aaa12 bbb ccc