静态路由综合实验

一、实验拓扑

二、实验需求

除了R5的环回地址固定5.5.5.0/24，其他网段基于192.168.1.0/24进行合理划分；
R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口，模拟PC，地址也在192.168.1.0/24网络内；
R1-R4不能直接编写到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由，但依然可以访问；
全网可达，尽量减少每台路由器路由条目数量，避免环路；
R4与R5间，正常1000M链路通信，故障时自动改为100M；

三、实验配置

AR1

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 配置物理接口
[AR1] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[AR1GE0/0/0] ip address 192.168.1.65 255.255.255.252   配置IP
[AR1GE0/0/0] undo shutdown   激活接口
[AR1GE0/0/0] quit
[AR1] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[AR1GE0/0/1] ip address 192.168.1.69 255.255.255.252
[AR1GE0/0/1] undo shutdown
[AR1GE0/0/1] quit

 配置环回接口（模拟PC网络）
[AR1] interface LoopBack 0
[AR1LoopBack0] ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.240
[AR1LoopBack0] ospf networktype broadcast  
[AR1LoopBack0] quit
[AR1] interface LoopBack 1
[AR1LoopBack1] ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.240
[AR1LoopBack1] ospf networktype broadcast
[AR1LoopBack1] quit

 配置OSPF动态路由
[AR1] ospf 1 routerid 1.1.1.1   启动OSPF进程
[AR1ospf1] area 0   进入骨干区域
[AR1ospf1area0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.15    宣告环回网段
[AR1ospf1area0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.64 0.0.0.3    宣告AR1AR2链路
[AR1ospf1area0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.68 0.0.0.3    宣告AR1AR3链路
[AR1ospf1area0.0.0.0] quit
[AR1ospf1] quit

AR2

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# 配置物理接口（比AR1多一个接口）
[AR2] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[AR2-GE0/0/0] ip address 192.168.1.66 255.255.255.252  # 连接AR1
[AR2-GE0/0/0] undo shutdown
[AR2-GE0/0/0] quit
[AR2] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[AR2-GE0/0/1] ip address 192.168.1.73 255.255.255.252  # 连接AR3
[AR2-GE0/0/1] undo shutdown
[AR2-GE0/0/1] quit
[AR2] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2  # AR1没有此接口
[AR2-GE0/0/2] ip address 192.168.1.77 255.255.255.252  # 连接AR4
[AR2-GE0/0/2] undo shutdown
[AR2-GE0/0/2] quit
# 环回接口配置（与AR1结构相同）
[AR2] interface LoopBack 0
[AR2-LoopBack0] ip address 192.168.1.17 255.255.255.240
[AR2-LoopBack0] ospf network-type broadcast
[AR2-LoopBack0] quit
[AR2] interface LoopBack 1
[AR2-LoopBack1] ip address 192.168.1.18 255.255.255.240
[AR2-LoopBack1] ospf network-type broadcast
[AR2-LoopBack1] quit
# OSPF配置（关键差异：多宣告一个网段）
[AR2] ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[AR2-ospf-1] area 0
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.16 0.0.0.15  # 环回
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.64 0.0.0.3   # AR1-AR2链路
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.72 0.0.0.3   # AR2-AR3链路
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.76 0.0.0.3   # AR2-AR4链路（AR1没有）
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[AR2-ospf-1] quit

AR3

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# 物理接口配置
[AR3] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[AR3-GE0/0/0] ip address 192.168.1.70 255.255.255.252  # 连接AR1
[AR3-GE0/0/0] undo shutdown
[AR3-GE0/0/0] quit
[AR3] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[AR3-GE0/0/1] ip address 192.168.1.74 255.255.255.252  # 连接AR2
[AR3-GE0/0/1] undo shutdown
[AR3-GE0/0/1] quit
[AR3] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[AR3-GE0/0/2] ip address 192.168.1.81 255.255.255.252  # 连接AR4
[AR3-GE0/0/2] undo shutdown
[AR3-GE0/0/2] quit
# 环回接口
[AR3] interface LoopBack 0
[AR3-LoopBack0] ip address 192.168.1.33 255.255.255.240
[AR3-LoopBack0] ospf network-type broadcast
[AR3-LoopBack0] quit
[AR3] interface LoopBack 1
[AR3-LoopBack1] ip address 192.168.1.34 255.255.255.240
[AR3-LoopBack1] ospf network-type broadcast
[AR3-LoopBack1] quit
# OSPF配置
[AR3] ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[AR3-ospf-1] area 0
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.32 0.0.0.15  # 环回
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.68 0.0.0.3   # AR1-AR3链路
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.72 0.0.0.3   # AR2-AR3链路
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.80 0.0.0.3   # AR3-AR4链路
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[AR3-ospf-1] quit

AR4

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配置上行接口
[R4] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[AR4GE0/0/0] ip address 192.168.1.78 255.255.255.252
[AR4GE0/0/0] undo shutdown
[AR4GE0/0/0] quit
[AR4] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[AR4GE0/0/1] ip address 192.168.1.82 255.255.255.252
[AR4GE0/0/1] undo shutdown
[AR4GE0/0/1] quit
主备链路配置（核心！）
[AR4] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2   1000M主链路
[AR4GE0/0/2] ip address 192.168.1.85 255.255.255.252
[AR4GE0/0/2] ospf cost 1   设置低开销值（优先使用）
[AR4GE0/0/2] undo shutdown
[AR4GE0/0/2] quit
[AR4] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3   100M备链路
[AR4GE0/0/3] ip address 192.168.1.89 255.255.255.252
[AR4GE0/0/3] ospf cost 10   设置高开销值（备份路径）
[AR4GE0/0/3] undo shutdown
[AR4GE0/0/3] quit
 环回接口
[AR4] interface LoopBack 0
[AR4LoopBack0] ip address 192.168.1.49 255.255.255.240
[AR4LoopBack0] ospf networktype broadcast
[AR4LoopBack0] quit
[AR4] interface LoopBack 1
[AR4LoopBack1] ip address 192.168.1.50 255.255.255.240
[AR4LoopBack1] ospf networktype broadcast
[AR4LoopBack1] quit
 OSPF配置
[AR4] ospf 1 routerid 4.4.4.4
[AR4ospf1] area 0
[AR4ospf1area0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.48 0.0.0.15   环回
[AR4ospf1area0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.76 0.0.0.3    AR2AR4
[AR4ospf1area0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.80 0.0.0.3    AR3AR4
[AR4ospf1area0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.84 0.0.0.3    主链路
[AR4ospf1area0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.88 0.0.0.3    备链路
[AR4ospf1area0.0.0.0] quit[AR4ospf1] quit

AR5

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 主备链路接口
[AR5] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0   主链路
[AR5GE0/0/0] ip address 192.168.1.86 255.255.255.252
[AR5GE0/0/0] ospf cost 1   与AR4保持一致
[AR5GE0/0/0] undo shutdown
[AR5GE0/0/0] quit
[AR5] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1   备链路
[AR5GE0/0/1] ip address 192.168.1.90 255.255.255.252
[AR5GE0/0/1] ospf cost 10
[AR5GE0/0/1] undo shutdown
[AR5GE0/0/1] quit
 特殊环回地址（题目要求）
[AR5] interface LoopBack 0
[AR5LoopBack0] ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.0   固定地址
[AR5LoopBack0] ospf networktype broadcast
[AR5LoopBack0] quit
 OSPF宣告
[AR5] ospf 1 routerid 5.5.5.5
[AR5ospf1] area 0
[AR5ospf1area0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.84 0.0.0.3   主链路
[AR5ospf1area0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.88 0.0.0.3   备链路
[AR5ospf1area0.0.0.0] network 5.5.5.0 0.0.0.255      环回地址
[AR5ospf1area0.0.0.0] quit
[AR5ospf1] quit