简介
使用UCanAccess并进行封装，通过反射、注解的方式构建目标数据，便捷创建表、写入数据、查询数据。
Maven依赖
xml
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.ucanaccess</groupId>
<artifactId>ucanaccess</artifactId>
<version>5.0.1</version>
</dependency>使用实例
建表
java
AccessUtil.createTable(conn, tableName, HonyeeAccessDO.class);插入数据
java
AccessUtil.insert(conn, tableName, HonyeeAccessDO.class, list);查询数据
java
List<HonyeeAccessDO> all = AccessUtil.listAll(conn, tableName, HonyeeAccessDO.class);完整代码
HonyeeAccessDO
java
import lombok.Data;
import org.apache.ibatis.type.JdbcType;
@Data
public class HonyeeAccessDO {
@AccessTableField(value = "ID")
private String id;
@AccessTableField(value = "Name")
private String name;
@AccessTableField(value = "Remark", jdbcType = JdbcType.LONGVARCHAR)
private String remark;
}AccessTableField
java
import org.apache.ibatis.type.JdbcType;
import java.lang.annotation.*;
/**
* Access 字段标识
*/
@Documented
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE})
public @interface AccessTableField {
String value() default "";
JdbcType jdbcType() default JdbcType.UNDEFINED;
}AccessUtil
java
import com.jhtech.cloud.server.boot.exception.ApplicationException;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.ibatis.type.JdbcType;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Slf4j
public class AccessUtil {
/**
* 创建表结构
* @param conn access连接
* @param tableName 表名
* @param clz 表模型对应的类
*/
public static <T> void createTable(Connection conn, String tableName, Class<T> clz) throws SQLException {
try (Statement stmt = conn.createStatement()) {
String sql = formatCreateSql(tableName, clz);
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
}
}
private static <T> String formatCreateSql(String tableName, Class<T> clz) {
List<String> fieldSqlList = new ArrayList<>();
for (Field field : clz.getDeclaredFields()) {
AccessTableField ann = field.getAnnotation(AccessTableField.class);
if (ann == null) {
throw new ApplicationException(String.format("字段缺少注解@TableField: %s.%s", clz.getSimpleName(), field.getName()));
}
// 默认包含自增ID，无需手动添加
if ("ID".equalsIgnoreCase(ann.value())) {
continue;
}
String fieldType = "";
Class<?> type = field.getType();
JdbcType jdbcType = ann.jdbcType();
if (type == String.class) {
fieldType = "TEXT(255)";
if (jdbcType == JdbcType.LONGNVARCHAR) {
fieldType = "MEMO";
}
} else if (type == Integer.class) {
fieldType = "INTEGER";
} else if (type == Long.class) {
fieldType = "LONG";
} else if (type == Float.class) {
fieldType = "DOUBLE";
} else if (type == Double.class) {
fieldType = "DOUBLE";
} else if (type == BigDecimal.class) {
fieldType = "DOUBLE";
} else {
log.warn("字段输出类型未定义: {}.{}", clz.getSimpleName(), field.getName());
fieldType = "VARCHAR(255)";
}
fieldSqlList.add(String.format("%s %s", ann.value(), fieldType));
}
if (fieldSqlList.isEmpty()) {
throw new ApplicationException("没有字段可输出");
}
String createTableSql = String.format(
"CREATE TABLE [%s] (\n" +
" ID COUNTER PRIMARY KEY,\n" +
"\t%s\n" +
");",
tableName, String.join(",\n\t", fieldSqlList));
return createTableSql;
}
/**
* 插入数据
* @param conn access连接
* @param tableName 表名
* @param clz 表模型对应的类
* @param list 数据
*/
public static <T> void insert(Connection conn, String tableName, Class<T> clz, List<T> list) throws SQLException, IllegalAccessException {
List<String> fieldNameList = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> fieldNamePlaceholderList = new ArrayList<>();
for (Field field : clz.getDeclaredFields()) {
AccessTableField ann = field.getAnnotation(AccessTableField.class);
if (ann == null) {
throw new ApplicationException(String.format("字段缺少注解@AccessTableField: %s.%s", clz.getSimpleName(), field.getName()));
}
fieldNameList.add(ann.value());
fieldNamePlaceholderList.add("?");
}
String insertSql = String.format("INSERT INTO [%s] (%s) VALUES (%s)", tableName, String.join(", ", fieldNameList), String.join(", ", fieldNamePlaceholderList));
try (PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(insertSql)) {
for (T t : list) {
int i = 1;
for (Field field : clz.getDeclaredFields()) {
Class<?> type = field.getType();
field.setAccessible(true);
if (type == String.class) {
ps.setString(i++, (String) field.get(t));
} else if (type == Integer.class) {
ps.setInt(i++, (Integer) field.get(t));
} else if (type == Long.class) {
ps.setLong(i++, (Long) field.get(t));
} else if (type == Float.class) {
ps.setFloat(i++, (Float) field.get(t));
} else if (type == Double.class) {
ps.setDouble(i++, (Double) field.get(t));
} else if (type == BigDecimal.class) {
ps.setBigDecimal(i++, (BigDecimal) field.get(t));
} else {
log.warn("字段输出类型未定义: {}.{}", clz.getSimpleName(), field.getName());
Object val = field.get(t);
if (val == null) {
ps.setString(i++, null);
} else {
ps.setString(i++, field.get(t).toString());
}
}
}
ps.executeUpdate();
}
}
}
/**
* 查询全部
*/
public static <T> List<T> listAll(Connection conn, String tableName, Class<T> clz) throws SQLException, IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException {
List<T> list = new ArrayList<>();
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("select * from " + tableName);
Map<Field, AccessTableField> fieldMap = new HashMap<>();
for (Field field : clz.getDeclaredFields()) {
AccessTableField ann = field.getAnnotation(AccessTableField.class);
if (ann == null) {
throw new ApplicationException(String.format("字段缺少注解@AccessTableField: %s.%s", clz.getSimpleName(), field.getName()));
}
fieldMap.put(field, ann);
}
T t = clz.newInstance();
while (rs.next()) {
for (Map.Entry<Field, AccessTableField> entry : fieldMap.entrySet()) {
Field field = entry.getKey();
AccessTableField ann = entry.getValue();
Object value = getValue(rs, field, ann);
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(t, value);
}
list.add(t);
}
return list;
}
/**
* 获取值
*/
private static <T> Object getValue(ResultSet rs, Field field, AccessTableField ann) throws SQLException {
Class<?> type = field.getType();
if (type == String.class) {
return rs.getString(ann.value());
} else if (type == Integer.class) {
return rs.getInt(ann.value());
} else if (type == Long.class) {
return rs.getLong(ann.value());
} else if (type == Float.class) {
return rs.getFloat(ann.value());
} else if (type == Double.class) {
return rs.getDouble(ann.value());
} else if (type == BigDecimal.class) {
return rs.getBigDecimal(ann.value());
}
log.warn("字段输出类型未定义: {}", field.getName());
return null;
}
}完整调用示例
java
import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.Database;
import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.DatabaseBuilder;
import java.io.File;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String dir = "d://";
String fileName = "honyee.accdb";
File file = new File(dir, fileName);
// 加载驱动（其实不太需要，有自动加载机制）
Class.forName("net.ucanaccess.jdbc.UcanaccessDriver");
// 创建空的 Access 数据库文件，选择合适的版本
DatabaseBuilder.create(Database.FileFormat.V2016, file).close();
String connectPath = String.format("jdbc:ucanaccess://%s", file.getAbsolutePath());
// 连接到新创建的数据库
try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(connectPath)) {
String tableName = "Honyee_Table_Name";
// 1.建表
AccessUtil.createTable(conn, tableName, HonyeeAccessDO.class);
List<HonyeeAccessDO> list = new ArrayList<>();
HonyeeAccessDO d = new HonyeeAccessDO();
d.setName("Honyee");
d.setRemark("备注");
list.add(d);
// 2. 插入数据
AccessUtil.insert(conn, tableName, HonyeeAccessDO.class, list);
// 3. 查询数据
{
List<HonyeeAccessDO> all = AccessUtil.listAll(conn, tableName, HonyeeAccessDO.class);
System.out.println(all.get(0));
}
// 3. 查询数据-基础方式
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
{
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("select * from " + tableName);
while (rs.next()) {
// 假设表中有ID和Name列，根据实际情况调整
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("Name");
String remark = rs.getString("Remark");
System.out.println("ID: " + id + ", Name: " + name + ", Remark: " + remark);
}
}
}
}
}