Rust Web 全栈开发（八）：添加功能并重构
- [Rust Web 全栈开发（八）：添加功能并重构](#Rust Web 全栈开发（八）：添加功能并重构)
Rust Web 全栈开发（八）：添加功能并重构
参考视频：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1RP4y1G7KF
继续之前的 Actix 项目，项目现状如下所示：
项目重构
在 webservice/src 目录下新建一个 models 目录，把 models.rs 移动到该目录下，重命名为 course.rs。在 models 目录下新建一个 mod.rs，添加代码：
rust
pub mod course;在 webservice/src 目录下新建一个 dbaccess 目录，把 db_access.rs 移动到该目录下，重命名为 course.rs。在 dbaccess 目录下新建一个 mod.rs，添加代码：
rust
pub mod course;在 webservice/src 目录下新建一个 handlers 目录，在 handlers 目录下新建 3 个文件：course.rs、general.rs、mod.rs。
handlers/course.rs：
rust
use crate::state::AppState;
use crate::dbaccess::course::*;
use crate::errors::MyError;
use crate::models::course::Course;
use actix_web::{web, HttpResponse};
pub async fn new_course(
new_course: web::Json<Course>,
app_state: web::Data<AppState>,
) -> Result<HttpResponse, MyError> {
post_new_course_db(&app_state.db, new_course.into())
.await
.map(|course| HttpResponse::Ok().json(course))
}
pub async fn get_courses_for_teacher(
app_state: web::Data<AppState>,
params: web::Path<i32>,
) -> Result<HttpResponse, MyError> {
let teacher_id = params.into_inner();
get_courses_for_teacher_db(&app_state.db, teacher_id)
.await
.map(|courses| HttpResponse::Ok().json(courses))
}
pub async fn get_course_detail(
app_state: web::Data<AppState>,
params: web::Path<(i32, i32)>,
) -> Result<HttpResponse, MyError> {
let (teacher_id, course_id) = params.into_inner();
get_course_details_db(&app_state.db, teacher_id, course_id)
.await
.map(|course| HttpResponse::Ok().json(course))
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use actix_web::http::StatusCode;
use std::sync::Mutex;
use dotenv::dotenv;
use sqlx::mysql::MySqlPoolOptions;
use std::env;
use chrono::{NaiveDate, NaiveDateTime, NaiveTime};
#[actix_rt::test]
async fn post_course_test() {
// 检测并读取 .env 文件中的内容，若不存在也会跳过异常
dotenv().ok();
let db_url = env::var("DATABASE_URL")
.expect("DATABASE_URL 没有在 .env 文件里设置");
// 创建数据库连接池
let db_pool = MySqlPoolOptions::new()
.connect(&db_url)
.await
.unwrap();
let course = web::Json(Course {
teacher_id: 1,
name: "Test course".into(),
id: Some(3),
time: Some(NaiveDateTime::new(
NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2025, 7, 12).expect("Unknown date"),
NaiveTime::from_hms_opt(10, 15, 0).expect("Unknown time"),
)),
});
let app_state: web::Data<AppState> = web::Data::new(AppState {
health_check_response: "".to_string(),
visit_count: Mutex::new(0),
db: db_pool,
});
// 模拟添加课程的请求
let response = new_course(course, app_state).await.unwrap();
assert_eq!(response.status(), StatusCode::OK);
}
#[actix_rt::test]
async fn get_all_courses_success() {
// 检测并读取 .env 文件中的内容，若不存在也会跳过异常
dotenv().ok();
let db_url = env::var("DATABASE_URL")
.expect("DATABASE_URL 没有在 .env 文件里设置");
// 创建数据库连接池
let db_pool = MySqlPoolOptions::new()
.connect(&db_url)
.await
.unwrap();
let app_state: web::Data<AppState> = web::Data::new(AppState {
health_check_response: "".to_string(),
visit_count: Mutex::new(0),
db: db_pool,
});
let teacher_id: web::Path<i32> = web::Path::from(1);
let response = get_courses_for_teacher(app_state, teacher_id).await.unwrap();
assert_eq!(response.status(), StatusCode::OK);
}
#[actix_rt::test]
async fn get_one_course_success() {
// 检测并读取 .env 文件中的内容，若不存在也会跳过异常
dotenv().ok();
let db_url = env::var("DATABASE_URL")
.expect("DATABASE_URL 没有在 .env 文件里设置");
// 创建数据库连接池
let db_pool = MySqlPoolOptions::new()
.connect(&db_url)
.await
.unwrap();
let app_state: web::Data<AppState> = web::Data::new(AppState {
health_check_response: "".to_string(),
visit_count: Mutex::new(0),
db: db_pool,
});
let params: web::Path<(i32, i32)> = web::Path::from((1, 1));
let response = get_course_detail(app_state, params).await.unwrap();
assert_eq!(response.status(), StatusCode::OK);
}
}handlers/general.rs：
rust
use crate::state::AppState;
use actix_web::{web, HttpResponse};
pub async fn health_check_handler(app_state: web::Data<AppState>) -> HttpResponse {
println!("incoming for health check");
let health_check_response = &app_state.health_check_response;
let mut visit_count = app_state.visit_count.lock().unwrap();
let response = format!("{} {} times", health_check_response, visit_count);
*visit_count += 1;
HttpResponse::Ok().json(&response)
}handlers/mod.rs：
rust
pub mod course;
pub mod handlers;对应修改 teacher_service.rs 中上述 3 个模块的路径定义：
rust
#[path = "../dbaccess/mod.rs"]
mod dbaccess;
#[path = "../handlers/mod.rs"]
mod handlers;
#[path = "../models/mod.rs"]
mod models;其他修改：
- 把 .env 文件提取到 webservice 目录之外
- 将各个文件中的引用从相对路径改为绝对路径
重构后的 Actix 项目结构：
