ASP .NET Core 8高效集成Redis缓存实战

Redis 最常用的功能是作为高性能的 分布式缓存 ，替代默认的内存缓存（IMemoryCache），适用于多服务器部署的场景。

1、安装Redis Nuget包

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dotnet add package Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.StackExchangeRedis

2、在appsettings.json中添加redis配置项

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{
    "RedisConfig": {
      "Connection": "localhost:6379",
      "Password": "",
      "InstanceName": "BackendManagement:",
      "DefaultDatabase": 0
    }
}

3、创建redis配置项对象

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/// <summary>
/// redis配置信息
/// </summary>
public class RedisConfig
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 连接字符串
    /// </summary>
    public string Connection { get; set; } = string.Empty;
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 密码
    /// </summary>
    public string Password {  get; set; } = string.Empty;

    /// <summary>
    /// 实例名
    /// </summary>
    public string InstanceName { get; set; } = string.Empty;

    /// <summary>
    /// 默认数据库索引
    /// </summary>
    public int DefaultDatabase { get; set; }
}

4、在 Program.cs 中配置 Redis 服务

cs 复制代码

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

 RedisConfig? redisConfig = builder.Configuration.GetSection("RedisConfig").Get<RedisConfig>();
 if (redisConfig != null)
 {
     builder.Services.AddSingleton(redisConfig);
     builder.Services.AddSingleton<IConnectionMultiplexer>(sp =>
     {
         var configuration = ConfigurationOptions.Parse(redisConfig.Connection);
         configuration.AbortOnConnectFail = false; // 不要立即失败
         configuration.ConnectTimeout = 5000;      // 5秒连接超时
         configuration.SyncTimeout = 5000;         // 5秒操作超时
         configuration.ReconnectRetryPolicy = new ExponentialRetry(1000); // 重试策略

         if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(redisConfig.Password))
         {
             configuration.Password = redisConfig.Password;
         }

         var multiplexer = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(configuration);

         // 注册应用程序关闭时的清理
         var lifetime = sp.GetRequiredService<IHostApplicationLifetime>();
         lifetime.ApplicationStopping.Register(() =>
         {
             multiplexer.Close();
             multiplexer.Dispose();
         });

         return multiplexer;
     });
     builder.Services.AddSingleton<IDatabase>(sp =>
     {
         var multiplexer = sp.GetRequiredService<IConnectionMultiplexer>();
         return multiplexer.GetDatabase(redisConfig.DefaultDatabase);
     });
 }
 else
 {
     Log.Error("RedisConfig is empty.");
 }

var app = builder.Build();

5、使用redis数据库

cs 复制代码

public class RedisService
{
    private readonly IDatabase _redisDB;

    public RedisService(IDatabase redisDB)
    {
        _redisDB = redisDB;
    }

    public async Task PerformOperations()
    {
        await _redisDB.StringSetAsync("mykey", "myvalue");
        var value = await _redisDB.StringGetAsync("mykey");
    }
}