easyExcel嵌套子集合导出Excel

[.]*?2025-08-13 19:11

我想要的Excel效果

说明:

1.创建两个自定义注解:@ExcelMerge(表示主对象内的单个属性,后续会根据子集合的大小合并下面的单元格),@ExcelNestedList(表示嵌套的子集合)

2.NestedDataConverter.java 会把查询到的数据转换为一行一行的,相当于主表 left join 子表 ON 主.id=子.主id的形式

SmartMergeStrategy.java 在使用EasyExcel时使用的策略类,会计算每组数据需要合并的row层数

  1. public void t3()执行的Main方法.
java 复制代码 
package xxx.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * 标记主实体中需要合并的字段
 */
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface ExcelMerge {
    // 可以添加其他属性，如合并策略等
}
java 复制代码 
package xxx.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * 标记包含子列表的字段
 */
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface ExcelNestedList {
    Class<?> value(); // 指定子元素的类型
}
java 复制代码 
package xxx.common;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;

import xxx.annotation.ExcelNestedList;


public class NestedDataConverter {

    public static List<List<Object>> convertToNestedListWithNesting(List<?> dataList) {
        List<List<Object>> result = new ArrayList<>();

        if (dataList.isEmpty()) {
            return result;
        }

        // Extract parameter names to maintain the order
        Class<?> clazz = dataList.get(0).getClass();
        List<String> parameterNames = extractParameterNames(clazz);

        for (Object data : dataList) {
            List<Field> nestedFields = Arrays.stream(clazz.getDeclaredFields())
                    .filter(f -> f.isAnnotationPresent(ExcelNestedList.class))
                    .collect(Collectors.toList());

            if (nestedFields.isEmpty()) {
                // No nested fields, convert the object directly
                result.add(convertSingleToList(data, parameterNames));
            } else {
                Map<String, Object> fieldValues = new HashMap<>();
                populateFieldValues(data, fieldValues);

                for (Field nestedField : nestedFields) {
                    try {
                        nestedField.setAccessible(true);
                        List<?> nestedList = (List<?>) nestedField.get(data);
                        Class<?> nestedClass = nestedField.getAnnotation(ExcelNestedList.class).value();

                        if (nestedList == null || nestedList.isEmpty()) {
                            // Add a row with empty strings for nested fields
                            List<Object> row = buildRowFromFieldValues(fieldValues, parameterNames, nestedClass, true);
                            result.add(row);
                        } else {
                            for (Object nestedItem : nestedList) {
                                Map<String, Object> nestedFieldValues = new HashMap<>(fieldValues);
                                populateFieldValues(nestedItem, nestedFieldValues);
                                List<Object> row = buildRowFromFieldValues(nestedFieldValues, parameterNames, nestedClass, false);
                                result.add(row);
                            }
                        }
                    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                        throw new RuntimeException("Failed to access nested data", e);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    private static void populateFieldValues(Object data, Map<String, Object> fieldValues) {
        for (Field field : data.getClass().getDeclaredFields()) {
            ExcelProperty excelProperty = field.getAnnotation(ExcelProperty.class);
            if (excelProperty != null) {
                try {
                    field.setAccessible(true);
                    Object value = field.get(data);
                    fieldValues.put(excelProperty.value()[0], value != null ? value : ""); // Replace null with empty string
                } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                    fieldValues.put(excelProperty.value()[0], ""); // Add empty string if inaccessible
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static List<Object> buildRowFromFieldValues(Map<String, Object> fieldValues, List<String> parameterNames, Class<?> nestedClass, boolean isEmptyNested) {
        List<Object> row = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String paramName : parameterNames) {
            if (fieldValues.containsKey(paramName)) {
                row.add(fieldValues.get(paramName));
            } else if (isEmptyNested && isNestedField(paramName, nestedClass)) {
                row.add(""); // Add empty string for empty nested fields
            }
        }
        return row;
    }
    private static boolean isNestedField(String paramName, Class<?> nestedClass) {
        return Arrays.stream(nestedClass.getDeclaredFields())
                .anyMatch(f -> f.isAnnotationPresent(ExcelProperty.class) && f.getAnnotation(ExcelProperty.class).value()[0].equals(paramName));
    }

    private static List<Object> convertSingleToList(Object data, List<String> parameterNames) {
        List<Object> row = new ArrayList<>();
        Map<String, Object> fieldValues = new HashMap<>();

        for (Field field : data.getClass().getDeclaredFields()) {
            ExcelProperty excelProperty = field.getAnnotation(ExcelProperty.class);
            if (excelProperty != null) {
                try {
                    field.setAccessible(true);
                    fieldValues.put(excelProperty.value()[0], field.get(data));
                } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                    fieldValues.put(excelProperty.value()[0], ""); // Add empty string if inaccessible
                }
            }
        }

        // Add values in the order of parameterNames
        for (String paramName : parameterNames) {
            row.add(fieldValues.getOrDefault(paramName, ""));
        }

        return row;
    }

    public static List<String> extractParameterNames(Class<?> clazz) {
        List<String> parameterNames = new ArrayList<>();

        for (Field field : clazz.getDeclaredFields()) {
            // Check if the field is annotated with @ExcelProperty
            ExcelProperty excelProperty = field.getAnnotation(ExcelProperty.class);
            // Check if the field is annotated with @ExcelNestedList
            ExcelNestedList nestedList = field.getAnnotation(ExcelNestedList.class);
            if (excelProperty != null && nestedList == null) {
                parameterNames.add(excelProperty.value()[0]); // Add the parameter name
            }

            // Check if the field is annotated with @ExcelNestedList
//            ExcelNestedList nestedList = field.getAnnotation(ExcelNestedList.class);
            if (nestedList != null) {
                // Recursively extract parameter names from the nested class
                Class<?> nestedClass = nestedList.value();
                parameterNames.addAll(extractParameterNames(nestedClass));
            }
        }

        return parameterNames;
    }
}
java 复制代码 
package xxx.common;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;

import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Head;
import com.alibaba.excel.write.merge.AbstractMergeStrategy;

import xxx.annotation.ExcelMerge;

public class SmartMergeStrategy extends AbstractMergeStrategy {
    private final List<?> dataList;
    private final Class<?> clazz;
    private final Map<Integer, List<int[]>> mergeInfo = new HashMap<>(); 

    public SmartMergeStrategy(List<?> dataList, Class<?> clazz) {
        this.dataList = dataList;
        this.clazz = clazz;
        prepareMergeInfo();
    }

    private void prepareMergeInfo() {
        // 获取所有带有@ExcelMerge注释的字段
        List<Field> mergeFields = Arrays.stream(clazz.getDeclaredFields())
                .filter(field -> field.isAnnotationPresent(ExcelMerge.class))
                .collect(Collectors.toList());

        int currentRow = 1; // Start from row 1 (after the header)从第 1 行开始（标题之后）

        for (Object data : dataList) {
            try {
                // Get the `id` field value
//                Field idField = clazz.getDeclaredField("id");
//                idField.setAccessible(true);
//                Object idValue = idField.get(data);

                // 获取嵌套的 `forwards` 列表
//                Field nestedField = clazz.getDeclaredField("forwards");
            	Field nestedField = Arrays.stream(clazz.getDeclaredFields())
            	        .filter(f -> List.class.isAssignableFrom(f.getType()))
            	        .findFirst()
            	        .orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("未找到 List 类型字段"));
                nestedField.setAccessible(true);
                List<?> nestedList = (List<?>) nestedField.get(data);

                int nestedSize = (nestedList != null) ? nestedList.size() : 0;
                int startRow = currentRow;
                int endRow = (nestedSize > 0) ? (currentRow + nestedSize - 1) : currentRow;

                // 计算每个"@ExcelMerge"列的合并范围
                for (Field field : mergeFields) {
                    int colIndex = getColumnIndex(field);
                    if (colIndex >= 0 && startRow != endRow) {
                        mergeInfo.computeIfAbsent(colIndex, k -> new ArrayList<>())
                                .add(new int[]{startRow, endRow});
                    }
                }

                // Update the current row pointer更新当前行指针
                currentRow = endRow + 1;

            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    private int getColumnIndex(Field field) {
        ExcelProperty excelProperty = field.getAnnotation(ExcelProperty.class);
        if (excelProperty != null) {
            String[] values = excelProperty.value();
            if (values.length > 0) {
                String columnName = values[0];
                List<Field> allFields = Arrays.stream(clazz.getDeclaredFields())
                        .filter(f -> f.isAnnotationPresent(ExcelProperty.class))
                        .collect(Collectors.toList());
                for (int i = 0; i < allFields.size(); i++) {
                    Field currentField = allFields.get(i);
                    ExcelProperty property = currentField.getAnnotation(ExcelProperty.class);
                    if (property != null && property.value().length > 0 && property.value()[0].equals(columnName)) {
                        return i;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

    @Override
    protected void merge(Sheet sheet, Cell cell, Head head, Integer relativeRowIndex) {
        int colIndex = cell.getColumnIndex();
        if (mergeInfo.containsKey(colIndex)) {
            List<int[]> ranges = mergeInfo.get(colIndex);
            for (int[] range : ranges) {
                int startRow = range[0];
                int endRow = range[1];
                if (cell.getRowIndex() == startRow) {
                    CellRangeAddress region = new CellRangeAddress(startRow, endRow, colIndex, colIndex);
                    sheet.addMergedRegion(region);
                }
            }
        }
    }

	
}
java 复制代码 
package xxx.entity;

import java.util.List;

import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelIgnore;
import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableField;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;

import lombok.Data;
import xxx.annotation.ExcelMerge;
import xxx.annotation.ExcelNestedList;

@Data
@TableName(value = "bkdb3.actions")
public class Action {
	    @TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
    @ExcelProperty("ID")
    @ExcelMerge
    private Long id;
    
	@ExcelProperty("Struts-Conf")
	@ExcelMerge
    private String strutsconfName;
    	
	@ExcelIgnore
    private String attribute;
    
	@ExcelIgnore
    private String name;
    
	@ExcelIgnore
    private String parameter;
    
    @ExcelProperty("Path")
    @ExcelMerge
    private String path;
    
    @ExcelProperty("ActionClassPath")
    @ExcelMerge
    private String type;
    
    // 非数据库字段，用于关联 forward 列表
    @TableField(exist = false)
    @ExcelProperty("forwards")
    @ExcelNestedList(Forward.class)
    private List<Forward> forwards;
    
}
java 复制代码 
package xxx.entity;

import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
@TableName(value = "bkdb3.forwards")
public class Forward {
	
	@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Long id;

    private Long actionId; // 外键，关联 actions 表
    
    private String name;
    
    @ExcelProperty("forwardPath")
    private String path;
    
}
java 复制代码 
/**把Action Forward输出为以下这种形式
		| Action ID | Action Name | Action Path | Forward Name | Forward Path |
		| --------- | ----------- | ----------- | ------------ | ------------ |
		| 1         | doLogin     | /login      | success      | /main.jsp    |
		|           |             |             | error        | /login.jsp   |
		| 2         | doSearch    | /search     | next         | /result.jsp  |
	 *
	 */
	@Disabled
	@Test
	public void t3() {
		QueryWrapper<Action> wrapper = new QueryWrapper<>();
		wrapper.orderByAsc("id");
		List<Action> actions = actionMapper.selectList(wrapper);
		// 第二步：查询所有 forwards 一次性（推荐，一次查库，避免N+1）
		List<Long> actionIds = actions.stream().map(Action::getId).collect(Collectors.toList());

		if (!actionIds.isEmpty()) {
			List<Forward> allForwards = forwardMapper
					.selectList(new QueryWrapper<Forward>().in("action_id", actionIds));

			// 第三步：将 forwards 按照 actionId 分组
			Map<Long, List<Forward>> forwardMap = allForwards.stream()
					.collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Forward::getActionId));

			// 第四步：将 forward 分别赋值到每个 Action 上
			for (Action action : actions) {
				List<Forward> childForwards = forwardMap.getOrDefault(action.getId(), new ArrayList<>());
				action.setForwards(childForwards);
			}
		}
		log.info("actions size={}",actions.size());
		
		List<List<Object>> lists = NestedDataConverter.convertToNestedListWithNesting(actions);
		// 4. 创建并注册合并策略
		SmartMergeStrategy mergeStrategy = new SmartMergeStrategy(actions, Action.class);
		// 获取所有可能的表头字段
        List<String> heads = NestedDataConverter.extractParameterNames(Action.class);
		
     // 5. 导出Excel
        EasyExcel.write(analyzeProperties.getExcel1(),Action.class)
                .registerWriteHandler(mergeStrategy) // 注册合并策略
//                .head(createHead(heads)) // 动态生成表头
                .sheet("Action")
                .doWrite(lists);
        log.info("导出历史记录成功");
	}
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