解析ELK（filebeat+logstash+elasticsearch+kibana）日志系统原理以及k8s集群日志采集过程

听说唐僧不吃肉2025-09-03 15:34

ELK日志系统解析

ELK 日志系统（现常称为 Elastic Stack，由 Filebeat、Logstash、Elasticsearch、Kibana 组成）是一套用于 日志收集、清洗、存储、检索和可视化 的开源解决方案。

它的核心价值是将分散在多台服务器 / 应用中的日志 "汇聚成池、结构化处理、按需分析"，解决传统日志 "查起来难、用起来乱" 的痛点。

一、ELK 各组件的核心角色

可以把 ELK 类比成 "日志工厂"，每个组件对应一个生产环节，分工明确且环环相扣：

组件 核心角色（工厂类比） 核心功能
Filebeat 日志采集员（前端） 轻量级日志采集工具，部署在每台需要收集日志的服务器上，实时读取本地日志文件，发送给后续组件（如 Logstash/Elasticsearch）。
Kafka【按需】 日志缓冲器（中间件） 在大规模场景（如数千台服务器、每秒数万条日志）下，直接用 Filebeat 发送日志到 Logstash 可能出现 "日志丢失"（如 Logstash 宕机）。此时会引入 Kafka（消息队列） 作为 "缓冲层"
Logstash 日志加工厂（中间件） 接收 Filebeat 传来的原始日志，进行 "清洗加工"（如提取字段、过滤无用信息、格式转换），输出结构化日志到 Elasticsearch。
Elasticsearch 日志仓库 + 检索引擎（后端） 分布式搜索引擎，存储结构化后的日志数据，支持毫秒级全文检索（如 "查询昨天 10 点报错的日志"），是 ELK 的 "数据核心"。
Kibana 日志可视化面板（前端） 对接 Elasticsearch，提供可视化界面（如柱状图、折线图、日志列表），支持用户查询、分析日志，生成监控报表。

1. 高可用模式设计：

2. ELK 扩展场景：引入 Kafka 提升稳定性

在大规模场景（如数千台服务器、每秒数万条日志）下，直接用 Filebeat 发送日志到 Logstash 可能出现 "日志丢失"（如 Logstash 宕机）。此时会引入 Kafka（消息队列） 作为 "缓冲层"

优化流程为：
Filebeat → Kafka → Logstash → Elasticsearch → Kibana

Kafka 作用：

缓冲日志：Filebeat 将日志发送到 Kafka 后立即返回，无需等待 Logstash 处理；

解耦上下游：Logstash 宕机时，日志暂存 Kafka，恢复后从 Kafka 消费，避免丢失；

削峰填谷：应对日志流量突发（如秒杀活动导致日志量骤增），Kafka 平滑流量到 Logstash。

二、ELK 日志流转的完整原理

从 "原始日志" 到 "可查询的可视化图表"，ELK 需经过 4 个核心步骤，流程如下：
步骤 1：Filebeat 采集日志（前端采集）

  • 部署位置：每台需要收集日志的服务器（如应用服务器、数据库服务器、Linux 主机）。
  • 采集逻辑：
    1. 配置 "日志路径"（如 /var/log/nginx/access.log、/opt/app/logs/app.log）；
    1. 实时监控日志文件变化（类似 tail -f），按行读取新产生的日志；
    1. 轻量级处理（如添加 "服务器 IP""日志来源" 等元数据），避免占用过多服务器资源；
    1. 将日志发送到下游（默认发送给 Logstash，也可直接发送给 Elasticsearch，适合简单场景）。

关键优势：轻量（内存占用通常 < 100MB）、稳定（崩溃后自动重启）、支持多类型日志（文件日志、系统日志、容器日志等）。
步骤 2：Logstash 清洗日志（中间处理）

  • 定位：通常部署在独立的服务器（或高可用模式采用集群），作为 "日志加工中心"。
  • 核心流程（三阶段 Pipeline）：
    1. Input（输入）：接收 Filebeat 发送的日志（也支持接收 Kafka、Redis 等中间件的日志）；
    1. Filter（过滤 / 加工）：ELK 最核心的 "结构化" 环节，
      格式转换：将非结构化日志（如纯文本）转为 JSON 格式（方便 Elasticsearch 存储和检索）；
    1. Output（输出）：将加工后的结构化日志发送到 Elasticsearch（也可输出到 Kafka、文件等）。

关键优势：插件丰富（支持 200+ 插件，满足各种日志处理需求）、灵活定制（通过配置文件定义加工规则）。

步骤 3：Elasticsearch 存储与索引（后端存储）

  • 定位：分布式存储与检索引擎，通常部署为集群（至少 3 节点，保证高可用）。
  • 核心逻辑：
    1. 日志存储：接收 Logstash 传来的 JSON 格式日志，按 "索引（Index）" 组织数据（类似数据库的 "表"）；
    1. 索引策略：通常按时间分片（如每天创建一个索引 log-2024-09-01、log-2024-09-02），方便后续按时间查询，也便于过期日志清理（如删除 30 天前的索引）；

索引优化：Elasticsearch 会对日志字段建立 "倒排索引"（类似字典的 "拼音索引"），支持快速全文检索（如输入 "ERROR"，瞬间找到所有包含 "ERROR" 的日志）；
高可用保障：通过 "分片（Shard）" 和 "副本（Replica）" 实现：

分片：将一个索引拆分为多个分片（如 5 个主分片），分散存储在不同节点，支持水平扩容；

副本：每个主分片创建 1+ 个副本（如 1 个副本），存储在不同节点，主分片故障时副本自动接管，确保数据不丢、服务不中断。
关键优势：检索速度快（毫秒级）、支持分布式（可扩展到数百节点）、高可用（副本 + 分片机制）。

步骤 4：Kibana 可视化查询（前端展示）

功能：

●提供日志搜索界面

●创建仪表板和可视化

●设置告警规则

常用功能：

●Discover：搜索和查看日志

●Dashboard：创建监控仪表板

●Index Patterns：管理日志索引模式

●Logs：查看 Kubernetes 应用日志

三、 通过ELK采集K8s集群中pod的日志并做可视化展示

step1：filebeat采集pod日志

●监控节点上的 /var/log/pods/ 目录（默认集群中pod日志存储位置）

●自动发现新的 Pod 并开始收集其日志

●添加 Kubernetes 元数据（如 Pod 名称、命名空间、标签等）

●将日志发送到 Logstash 进行进一步处理

配置要点：

复制代码 
vim filebeat-k8s.yml

#=======================k8s===========================
- type: log
  enabled: true
  fields:
      service: k8s
      role: pods
      topic: log-k8s
  fields_under_root: true
  paths:
    - /var/log/pods/*/*/*.log
  tail_files: true

step2：Logstash 处理采集到的日志

典型处理流程：

1.接收来自 Filebeat 的日志

2.解析 JSON 格式的日志（如需要）

3.提取特定字段（如时间戳、日志级别等）

4.添加或删除字段

5.根据条件过滤或路由日志
示例配置：
注：这里对从filebeat接收到的k8s的日志进行特殊处理

复制代码 
vim logstash.conf

input {
  beats {
    port => 9696 // 监听9696端口，接收Filebeat发送的日志
  }
}
filter {
  // #### k8s 容器日志  ####
  if [topic] == "log-k8s" { // 仅处理 topic 字段为 "log-k8s" 的日志
    if [service] == "k8s" { //进一步筛选 service 字段为 "k8s" 的日志
      grok{        // 使用 grok 解析日志内容
        match => {
          "message" => [
          // # 模式1：提取时间戳、输出类型、日志级别、进程ID、来源等
            "%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:date} %{WORD:output} %{WORD} %{NOTSPACE:level}%{NUMBER} %{NOTSPACE}%{SPACE}[T ]%{NUMBER:pid} %{NOTSPACE:source} %{GREEDYDATA:msg}",
            // # 模式2（简化版）：仅提取时间戳和消息
            "%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:date} %{WORD:output} %{WORD} %{GREEDYDATA:msg}"
            ]
        }
      }
      date {  // 将原始时间戳转换为 @timestamp
        match => ["date","ISO8601"] // 匹配 ISO8601 格式的时间
        target => [ "@timestamp" ] // 存储到 Elasticsearch 的标准时间字段
      }
    }
}
  else {
     drop {} // # 丢弃所有不满足 topic=="log-k8s" 的日志
  }
  if [log][offset] {
    mutate {
      add_field => {
         "offset" =>"%{[log][offset]}"
      }
    }
  }

  mutate {
    remove_field => ["@version", "event", "log", "message"] // # 删除冗余字段
   }
 }
 
 output {
#  stdout {
#    codec => rubydebug
#  }
  elasticsearch {
    hosts => [
           "es1:9200", // # ES集群地址
           "es2:9200", 
           "es3:9200" 
         ]
    user => "elastic" // # 认证用户名
    password => "6suq6twSe4Xk"  // # 认证密码
    index => "%{topic}-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}" // # 按天创建索引（如 log-k8s-2023.10.30）
  }
}

功能说明：

●对 Kubernetes 容器日志进行结构化解析。

●提取关键字段（如时间戳、日志级别、进程ID等）。

●标准化时间字段。
Grok 模式说明：

●TIMESTAMP_ISO8601: 匹配 ISO8601 时间格式（如 2023-10-30T12:00:00.000Z）。

●WORD/NOTSPACE: 匹配单词或非空格字符。

●GREEDYDATA: 捕获剩余所有内容。
完整配置流程图

step3：Elasticsearch进行日志存储以及检索

功能：

●存储所有日志数据

●提供强大的搜索和聚合能力

●管理索引生命周期
示例配置

复制代码 
vim elasticsearch.yml

#-----------------------Cluster-------------------
cluster.name: TDP  # 集群命名
cluster.max_shards_per_node: 10000
#-----------------------Node-------------------
node.name: 10.127.188.xxx
# -----------------------Paths-------------------
path.logs: /var/log/elasticsearch   # 日志路径
path.data:
    - /data01/elasticsearch
action.auto_create_index: true

#---------------Network----------------------
network.host: 10.127.188.xxx

# Set a custom port for HTTP
http.port: 9200
transport.port: 9300

network.host: 0.0.0.0
discovery.seed_hosts: ["node-1", "node-2"]  # ES节点列表
# --------- 内存和堆大小配置，为 Elasticsearch 设置合适的堆大小，以避免内存溢出-------------
bootstrap.memory_lock: true
ES_JAVA_OPTS: "-Xms512m -Xmx512m"

检查集群状态

使用 Kibana 或直接通过 Elasticsearch 的 REST API 检查集群状态：

复制代码 
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v&pretty"

step4： Kibana (日志可视化和分析)界面构建

功能：

●提供日志搜索界面

●创建仪表板和可视化

●设置告警规则
常用功能：

●Discover：搜索和查看日志

●Dashboard：创建监控仪表板

●Index Patterns：管理日志索引模式

●Logs：查看 Kubernetes 应用日志
配置要点（kibana.yml）：

复制代码 
server.host: "0.0.0.0"  # 允许外部访问
server.name: "k8s01" # 主机名
elasticsearch.hosts: ["http://es01:9200"]  # ES地址
monitoring.ui.container.elasticsearch.enabled: true  # 启用容器监控
xpack.security.enabled: true  # 启用安全功能（若ES开启安全）
i18n.locale: "zh-CN"  # 中文界面（可选）

Dashboard可视化界面集成 ：

登录要导入的Kibana，点击左下角齿轮图标-管理->已保存对象->导入

会在右侧弹出一个窗口。

这里采用ndjson形式导入收集的日志策略。

复制代码 
vim kibana.ndjson

{"attributes":{"buildNum":63337,"context:defaultSize":50,"context:step":50,"dateFormat":"YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss.SSS","defaultIndex":null,"discover:rowHeightOption":-1,"discover:sampleRowsPerPage":500,"discover:sampleSize":5000,"fileUpload:maxFileSize":"1GB","isDefaultIndexMigrated":true,"timepicker:timeDefaults":"{\n  \"from\": \"now-24h/h\",\n  \"to\": \"now\"\n}"},"coreMigrationVersion":"8.8.0","created_at":"2023-09-23T16:24:07.183Z","id":"8.8.2","managed":false,"references":[],"type":"config","typeMigrationVersion":"8.7.0","updated_at":"2023-09-25T06:29:11.563Z","version":"WzI0ODgsMl0="}
{"attributes":{"fieldAttrs":"{\"msg\":{\"count\":2}}","fieldFormatMap":"{}","fields":"[]","name":"log-yarn-container-stderr","runtimeFieldMap":"{}","sourceFilters":"[]","timeFieldName":"@timestamp","title":"log-yarn-container-20*","typeMeta":"{}"},"coreMigrationVersion":"8.8.0","created_at":"2023-09-25T07:34:17.212Z","id":"d59f6539-5474-4681-8495-5836e17386b5","managed":false,"references":[],"type":"index-pattern","typeMigrationVersion":"8.0.0","updated_at":"2023-09-25T07:50:23.228Z","version":"WzI5MCwxXQ=="}
{"attributes":{"fieldAttrs":"{\"app_id\":{\"count\":1},\"cluster\":{\"count\":1},\"container_id\":{\"count\":1},\"hostname\":{\"count\":1},\"ip\":{\"count\":1},\"level\":{\"count\":1},\"msg\":{\"count\":1},\"role\":{\"count\":1},\"service\":{\"count\":1}}","fieldFormatMap":"{}","fields":"[]","name":"log-yarn-container-stdout","runtimeFieldMap":"{}","sourceFilters":"[]","timeFieldName":"@timestamp","title":"log-yarn-container-stdout-*","typeMeta":"{}"},"coreMigrationVersion":"8.8.0","created_at":"2023-09-25T07:47:06.731Z","id":"6f398493-35aa-4c6a-ad98-108856826395","managed":false,"references":[],"type":"index-pattern","typeMigrationVersion":"8.0.0","updated_at":"2023-09-25T07:49:39.486Z","version":"WzI4NiwxXQ=="}
{"attributes":{"fieldAttrs":"{}","fieldFormatMap":"{}","fields":"[]","name":"log-yarn-container-flink","runtimeFieldMap":"{}","sourceFilters":"[]","timeFieldName":"@timestamp","title":"log-yarn-container-flink-*","typeMeta":"{}"},"coreMigrationVersion":"8.8.0","created_at":"2023-09-25T07:46:46.699Z","id":"194f03ec-afa2-4a5d-9bfa-5649850f3e23","managed":false,"references":[],"type":"index-pattern","typeMigrationVersion":"8.0.0","updated_at":"2023-09-25T07:46:46.699Z","version":"WzI2OSwxXQ=="}
{"attributes":{"fieldAttrs":"{}","fieldFormatMap":"{}","fields":"[]","name":"log-yarn-container-mr","runtimeFieldMap":"{}","sourceFilters":"[]","timeFieldName":"@timestamp","title":"log-yarn-container-mr-*","typeMeta":"{}"},"coreMigrationVersion":"8.8.0","created_at":"2023-09-25T07:33:39.635Z","id":"4dcb2fed-b1bb-41f1-b65c-c819d240c350","managed":false,"references":[],"type":"index-pattern","typeMigrationVersion":"8.0.0","updated_at":"2023-09-25T07:33:39.635Z","version":"WzI1NSwxXQ=="}
{"attributes":{"fieldAttrs":"{\"body_sent_bytes\":{\"count\":5}}","fieldFormatMap":"{}","fields":"[]","name":"log-nginx","runtimeFieldMap":"{}","sourceFilters":"[]","timeFieldName":"@timestamp","title":"log-nginx-*","typeMeta":"{}"},"coreMigrationVersion":"8.8.0","created_at":"2023-09-25T06:21:49.684Z","id":"0965c927-4b2b-4839-baea-502f617d3e96","managed":false,"references":[],"type":"index-pattern","typeMigrationVersion":"8.0.0","updated_at":"2023-09-25T07:18:27.811Z","version":"WzIzOSwxXQ=="}
{"attributes":{"fieldAttrs":"{\"cluster\":{\"count\":2},\"date\":{\"count\":2},\"hostname\":{\"count\":1},\"ip\":{\"count\":1},\"level\":{\"count\":2},\"msg\":{\"count\":3},\"role\":{\"count\":1},\"service\":{\"count\":1},\"tag\":{\"count\":2}}","fieldFormatMap":"{}","fields":"[]","name":"log-app","runtimeFieldMap":"{}","sourceFilters":"[]","timeFieldName":"@timestamp","title":"log-app-*","typeMeta":"{}"},"coreMigrationVersion":"8.8.0","created_at":"2023-09-25T06:21:08.513Z","id":"182d5cbb-a5a0-4951-a413-3206c270b2c7","managed":false,"references":[],"type":"index-pattern","typeMigrationVersion":"8.0.0","updated_at":"2023-09-25T06:31:19.823Z","version":"WzIxMywxXQ=="}
{"attributes":{"fieldAttrs":"{}","fieldFormatMap":"{}","fields":"[]","name":"log-k8s","runtimeFieldMap":"{}","sourceFilters":"[]","timeFieldName":"@timestamp","title":"log-k8s-*","typeMeta":"{}"},"coreMigrationVersion":"8.8.0","created_at":"2023-09-25T12:09:54.496Z","id":"97946394-c6b0-4164-a29b-fb15261e22b3","managed":false,"references":[],"type":"index-pattern","typeMigrationVersion":"8.0.0","updated_at":"2023-09-25T12:09:54.496Z","version":"WzkyLDFd"}
{"attributes":{"fieldAttrs":"{\"fault\":{\"count\":2},\"ip\":{\"count\":1},\"msg\":{\"count\":1}}","fieldFormatMap":"{}","fields":"[]","name":"log-system","runtimeFieldMap":"{}","sourceFilters":"[]","timeFieldName":"@timestamp","title":"log-system-*","typeMeta":"{}"},"coreMigrationVersion":"8.8.0","created_at":"2023-09-25T11:35:19.484Z","id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","managed":false,"references":[],"type":"index-pattern","typeMigrationVersion":"8.0.0","updated_at":"2023-09-25T11:35:19.484Z","version":"WzMxLDFd"}
{"attributes":{"controlGroupInput":{"chainingSystem":"HIERARCHICAL","controlStyle":"oneLine","ignoreParentSettingsJSON":"{\"ignoreFilters\":false,\"ignoreQuery\":false,\"ignoreTimerange\":false,\"ignoreValidations\":false}","panelsJSON":"{\"7545f1c0-94e5-4ca9-a768-263bfc8848bf\":{\"order\":0,\"width\":\"medium\",\"grow\":true,\"type\":\"optionsListControl\",\"explicitInput\":{\"fieldName\":\"cluster\",\"title\":\"cluster\",\"id\":\"7545f1c0-94e5-4ca9-a768-263bfc8848bf\",\"selectedOptions\":[],\"enhancements\":{}}},\"7af175da-1032-4588-91e0-010d9bcd324d\":{\"order\":1,\"width\":\"medium\",\"grow\":true,\"type\":\"optionsListControl\",\"explicitInput\":{\"fieldName\":\"ip\",\"title\":\"ip\",\"id\":\"7af175da-1032-4588-91e0-010d9bcd324d\",\"selectedOptions\":[],\"enhancements\":{}}},\"ef6cad3e-6daa-4f19-9e57-401aaabcb661\":{\"order\":2,\"width\":\"medium\",\"grow\":true,\"type\":\"optionsListControl\",\"explicitInput\":{\"fieldName\":\"hostname\",\"title\":\"hostname\",\"id\":\"ef6cad3e-6daa-4f19-9e57-401aaabcb661\",\"enhancements\":{}}}}"},"description":"","hits":0,"kibanaSavedObjectMeta":{"searchSourceJSON":"{\"query\":{\"query\":\"\",\"language\":\"kuery\"},\"filter\":[]}"},"optionsJSON":"{\"useMargins\":true,\"syncColors\":false,\"syncTooltips\":false,\"hidePanelTitles\":false}","panelsJSON":"[{\"version\":\"8.7.0\",\"type\":\"lens\",\"gridData\":{\"x\":0,\"y\":0,\"w\":24,\"h\":8,\"i\":\"2dcfd041-f2bd-4c96-97ac-4917cfaff148\"},\"panelIndex\":\"2dcfd041-f2bd-4c96-97ac-4917cfaff148\",\"embeddableConfig\":{\"attributes\":{\"title\":\"\",\"visualizationType\":\"lnsXY\",\"type\":\"lens\",\"references\":[{\"type\":\"index-pattern\",\"id\":\"bdf46ced-2337-4c36-a933-e71960839878\",\"name\":\"indexpattern-datasource-layer-439ddaf7-554c-49a3-b3d4-370ddb4ae894\"}],\"state\":{\"visualization\":{\"title\":\"Empty 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的值\",\"dataType\":\"string\",\"operationType\":\"terms\",\"scale\":\"ordinal\",\"sourceField\":\"cluster\",\"isBucketed\":true,\"params\":{\"size\":30,\"orderBy\":{\"type\":\"column\",\"columnId\":\"0c407e83-1275-4b75-aa0d-595ddb2ac560\"},\"orderDirection\":\"desc\",\"otherBucket\":true,\"missingBucket\":false,\"parentFormat\":{\"id\":\"terms\"},\"secondaryFields\":[]}},\"0c407e83-1275-4b75-aa0d-595ddb2ac560\":{\"label\":\"记录计数\",\"customLabel\":false,\"dataType\":\"number\",\"operationType\":\"count\",\"isBucketed\":false,\"scale\":\"ratio\",\"sourceField\":\"___records___\",\"params\":{\"emptyAsNull\":true}}},\"columnOrder\":[\"937a521b-ceef-40ff-8235-f823c7a70da9\",\"1faa0897-99a0-4bc9-abb6-5c8796f028e9\",\"0c407e83-1275-4b75-aa0d-595ddb2ac560\"],\"incompleteColumns\":{}}}}},\"internalReferences\":[],\"adHocDataViews\":{}}},\"enhancements\":{\"dynamicActions\":{\"events\":[]}},\"hidePanelTitles\":false,\"type\":\"lens\"},\"title\":\"CPU软锁死\"}]","timeRestore":false,"title":"硬件故障","version":1},"coreMigrationVersion":"8.8.0","created_at":"2023-09-25T11:35:19.484Z","id":"ab847810-8fc8-11ed-9d0b-8153e2bf35fc","managed":false,"references":[{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"2dcfd041-f2bd-4c96-97ac-4917cfaff148:indexpattern-datasource-layer-439ddaf7-554c-49a3-b3d4-370ddb4ae894","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"f4c9ef04-4916-46da-948f-e24dc785975a:indexpattern-datasource-layer-168ae8ed-8a06-4642-9047-945a34274bfa","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"34528c93-0ed9-46fe-9a33-f9e17ddb6b1a:indexpattern-datasource-layer-439ddaf7-554c-49a3-b3d4-370ddb4ae894","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"b8f2b869-84af-43a1-82b4-34ed4cabde4a:indexpattern-datasource-layer-439ddaf7-554c-49a3-b3d4-370ddb4ae894","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"a8a8d212-2e68-4c1e-9242-58bf9c050ca9:indexpattern-datasource-layer-439ddaf7-554c-49a3-b3d4-370ddb4ae894","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"b711b58e-4b03-40fc-a94f-f63db50a99ec:indexpattern-datasource-layer-f06a1128-fbc8-4eb1-9d0c-2d42c8454207","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"8760670f-db89-4b35-be5a-10f06650e109:indexpattern-datasource-layer-f06a1128-fbc8-4eb1-9d0c-2d42c8454207","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"8760670f-db89-4b35-be5a-10f06650e109:e56074f2-5094-4007-85ec-c6b90720dd41","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"71ce72fa-734c-4bb5-81d6-c07abb674404:indexpattern-datasource-layer-034ce497-577a-4793-ab7f-03f172c8df4f","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"798f0711-044c-4b2c-be27-324bfb55d5bb:indexpattern-datasource-layer-439ddaf7-554c-49a3-b3d4-370ddb4ae894","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"831f6d98-2afd-4176-b868-12b4f8f647fe:indexpattern-datasource-layer-034ce497-577a-4793-ab7f-03f172c8df4f","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"bce91200-7b43-4647-8077-f0e5f78aa017:indexpattern-datasource-layer-439ddaf7-554c-49a3-b3d4-370ddb4ae894","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"a4efd9ed-1933-410a-a124-3ffe07449785:indexpattern-datasource-layer-439ddaf7-554c-49a3-b3d4-370ddb4ae894","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"6722d07c-c866-4b42-897e-00ec35761014:indexpattern-datasource-layer-f06a1128-fbc8-4eb1-9d0c-2d42c8454207","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"6722d07c-c866-4b42-897e-00ec35761014:e0c611d4-4efa-40e4-bade-a76067c83741","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"e3aabfdf-0dad-42b8-b527-bb82c975a1a1:indexpattern-datasource-layer-439ddaf7-554c-49a3-b3d4-370ddb4ae894","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"controlGroup_7545f1c0-94e5-4ca9-a768-263bfc8848bf:optionsListDataView","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"controlGroup_7af175da-1032-4588-91e0-010d9bcd324d:optionsListDataView","type":"index-pattern"},{"id":"2412a190-e7db-412f-a469-97b9385e0401","name":"controlGroup_ef6cad3e-6daa-4f19-9e57-401aaabcb661:optionsListDataView","type":"index-pattern"}],"type":"dashboard","typeMigrationVersion":"8.7.0","updated_at":"2023-09-25T11:35:19.484Z","version":"WzM4LDFd"}

把刚才导出的配置文件kibana.ndjson 拖到红框处进行上传。

也可以点击导入自己根据查找具体路径来选择目标文件。

等待文件上传完毕，点击导入按钮,等待导入完毕。

导入成功

然后刷新页面，即可看到采集的k8s的日志信息已经检索出来了。

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