问题
yum 文件目录
打包
tar -zcf
!qa
bash
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ sudo vi local.yum
[sudo] caozx26 的密码：
caozx26 不在 sudoers 文件中。此事将被报告。
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$
bash
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ sudo vi local.yum
[sudo] caozx26 的密码：
caozx26 不在 sudoers 文件中。此事将被报告。
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ su -
密码：
su: 鉴定故障
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ su -
密码：
[root@localhost ~]# 
bash
[root@localhost ~]# exit
注销
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ sudo su
[sudo] caozx26 的密码：
caozx26 不在 sudoers 文件中。此事将被报告。
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ su -
密码：
[root@localhost ~]# 查看命令
bash
[root@localhost /]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 19G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
mount: /mnt: 在 /dev/sr0 上找不到媒体.
[root@localhost /]# 
bash
[root@localhost /]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 19G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
[root@localhost /]# 
bash
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo
[local]
name=local yum
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
0 文件已删除
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
local yum 0.0 B/s | 0 B 00:00
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'local':
- Curl error (37): Couldn't read a file:// file for file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml [Couldn't open file /mnt/repodata/repomd.xml]
错误：Failed to download metadata for repo 'local': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#
bash
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
local.repo repo.tar.gz
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo
[local]
name=local yum
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
0 文件已删除
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
local yum 0.0 B/s | 0 B 00:00
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'local':
- Curl error (37): Couldn't read a file:// file for file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml [Couldn't open file /mnt/repodata/repomd.xml]
错误：Failed to download metadata for repo 'local': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried
bash
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=no
IPADDR=192.168.235.3
GATEWAY=192.168.235.2
DNS1=8.8.8.8
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl rstart network
Unknown operation rstart.
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
Failed to restart network.service: Unit network.service not found.
[root@localhost network-scripts]#
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:74:89:37 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:0a:79:2b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:0a:79:2b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@localhost network-scripts]# 
bash
[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-ens160
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.235.3
GATEWAY=192.168.235.2
DNS1=8.8.8.8
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
Failed to restart network.service: Unit network.service not found.
[root@localhost network-scripts]# lucnum
sort -R pho.txt >>luckunum1.txt
tail -5 lucknum1.txt>>lucknum2.txt
while IFS= read -r line;do
echo lucknum2.txt|cut -c8-11 >>luck.txt
done<lucknum2.txt
for ((i=0;i<5;i++));do
cat lucknum2.txt cut -f8-11 >>l4.tst
批量创建用户
useradd u*1
bash
[root@localhost /]# tail -5 /etc/group
slocate:x:21:
rngd:x:974:
tcpdump:x:72:
caozx26:x:1000:
u1:x:1001:
[root@localhost /]# tail -5 /etc/password
tail: 无法打开'/etc/password' 读取数据: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost /]#查看用户列表
for ((i=0;i<4;i++))
i=1
while ( $i -ne 5 );do
n1= [[[RANDOM%10]
n2=[[[RANDOM%10]
n3=[[[RANDOM%10]
n4=[[[RANDOM%10]
n5=[[[RANDOM%10]
n6=[[[RANDOM%10]
useradd u$i
echo n1n1n1n2n3n3n3n4n5n5n5n6|passwd --stdin u$i
done
bash
[root@localhost /]# while ( $i -ne 5 );do
> i++
> echo 66$i
> done
bash: 1: 未找到命令...
[root@localhost /]#
bash
> ^C
[root@localhost /]# while [ $i -ne 5 ];do
> let "$i"++
> echo 66$i
> done
-bash: let: 1++: 语法错误: 需要操作数 (错误符号是 "+")
661
-bash: let: 1++: 语法错误: 需要操作数 (错误符号是 "+")
661
-bash: let: 1++: 语法错误: 需要操作数 (错误符号是 "+")
661
-bash: let: 1++: 语法错误: 需要操作数 (错误符号是 "+")
661
-bash: let: 1++: 语法错误: 需要操作数 (错误符号是 "+")
661
while i -ne 5
useradd userr$i
echo n1n1n1n2n3n3n3n4n5n5n5n6 |passwd -stdin userr$i
done
centos 8
安装
yum源配置
bash
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls /mnt
AppStream EFI extra_files.json images media.repo RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
BaseOS EULA GPL isolinux RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-beta TRANS.TBL
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
local.repo redhat.repo repo.tar.gz
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo
[local]
name=local yum
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum local.repo
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
未找到命令: local.repo。请使用 /usr/bin/yum --help
It could be a YUM plugin command, try: "yum install 'dnf-command(local.repo)'"
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim local.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo
[AppStream]
name=local yum
baseurl=file:///mnt/AppStream
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[BaseOS]
name=local yum
baseurl=file:///mnt/BaseOS
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
0 文件已删除
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
local yum 211 MB/s | 5.8 MB 00:00
local yum 250 MB/s | 2.3 MB 00:00
元数据缓存已建立。
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
仓库标识 仓库名称
AppStream local yum
BaseOS local yum
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -ql ssh
未安装软件包 ssh
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa ssh
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd ~
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg initial-setup-ks.cfg
[root@localhost ~]# yum install open-ssh
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
上次元数据过期检查：0:00:40 前，执行于 2025年09月10日 星期三 00时00分09秒。
No match for argument: open-ssh
错误：没有任何匹配: open-ssh
[root@localhost ~]# yum install openssh
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
上次元数据过期检查：0:00:50 前，执行于 2025年09月10日 星期三 00时00分09秒。
软件包 openssh-8.0p1-4.el8_1.x86_64 已安装。
依赖关系解决。
无需任何处理。
完毕！
[root@localhost ~]# 网络配置
bash
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=no
IPADDR=192.168.235.3
GATEWAY=192.168.235.2
DNS1=8.8.8.8
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl rstart network
Unknown operation rstart.
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
Failed to restart network.service: Unit network.service not found.
[root@localhost network-scripts]#
bash
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
Failed to restart network.service: Unit network.service not found.
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart NetworkManager
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-ens160
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.235.3
GATEWAY=192.168.235.2
DNS1=8.8.8.8
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:74:89:37 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.235.3/24 brd 192.168.235.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe74:8937/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:0a:79:2b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:0a:79:2b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@localhost network-scripts]# shell
echo \[ RANDOM%10]
bash
[root@localhost /]# vim pho.sh
[root@localhost /]# cat pho.sh
for ((i=0;i<1000;i++));do
n1=$[$RANDOM%10]
n2=$[$RANDOM%10]
n3=$[$RANDOM%10]
n4=$[$RANDOM%10]
n5=$[$RANDOM%10]
n6=$[$RANDOM%10]
n7=$[$RANDOM%10]
n8=$[$RANDOM%10]
echo 139$n1$n2$n3$n4$n5$n6$n7$n8 >> phonenum.txt
done
[root@localhost /]# chmod +x pho.sh
[root@localhost /]# ./pho.sh
[root@localhost /]# cat phonenum.txt
13906953658
13985853325
13991370437
13900918742
13936775091
13907567450
13945324426
13919242062
13986360431
13972756164
13999154341
13919611967
13929707166
13980679610
13919037361
13930280284
13998591544
13923257411
13975679147
13928377144
13931745609
13924698573while IFS= read -r line;do done cut -c8-11 sort -R
bash
[root@localhost /]# cat lucpho.sh
sort -R phonenum.txt >luc1.txt
tail -5 luc1.txt>luc2.txt
while IFS= read -r line;do
a=$(echo "$line"|cut -c8-11)
echo 139****$a>>luckylist.txt
done <luc2.txt
[root@localhost /]# chmod +x lucpho.sh
[root@localhost /]# ./lucpho.sh
[root@localhost /]# cat luckylist.txt
139****3316
139****0274
139****7642
139****1853
139****6060while [ i -ne 5 \];done echo n|passwd --stdin userr $i
bash
[root@localhost /]# cat u5.sh
i=0
n1=$[$RANDOM%10]
n2=$[$RANDOM%10]
n3=$[$RANDOM%10]
n4=$[$RANDOM%10]
n5=$[$RANDOM%10]
n6=$[$RANDOM%10]
while [ $i -ne 5 ];do
let i++
useradd userr$i
echo $n1$n2$n3$n4$n5$n6 |passwd --stdin userr$i
done
[root@localhost /]# ./u5.sh
useradd：用户"userr1"已存在
更改用户 userr1 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
useradd：用户"userr2"已存在
更改用户 userr2 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
useradd：用户"userr3"已存在
更改用户 userr3 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
useradd：用户"userr4"已存在
更改用户 userr4 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
useradd：用户"userr5"已存在
更改用户 userr5 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
[root@localhost /]# tail -5 /etc/passwd
userr1:x:1002:1002::/home/userr1:/bin/bash
userr2:x:1003:1003::/home/userr2:/bin/bash
userr3:x:1004:1004::/home/userr3:/bin/bash
userr4:x:1005:1005::/home/userr4:/bin/bash
userr5:x:1006:1006::/home/userr5:/bin/bash
[root@localhost /]#记录
192.168.235.3
bash
[caozx26@localhost ~]$ ls
公共 模板 视频 图片 文档 下载 音乐 桌面
[caozx26@localhost ~]$ cd /
[caozx26@localhost /]$ ls
bin dev home lib64 mnt proc run srv tmp var
boot etc lib media opt root sbin sys usr
[caozx26@localhost /]$ cd /etc/yum.repos.d
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ ls
redhat.repo
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ vi redhat.repo
[已修改但尚未保存]
/bin/bash: wq: 未找到命令
Shell 已返回127
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[已修改但尚未保存]
/bin/bash: wq: 未找到命令
Shell 已返回127
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[已修改但尚未保存]
/bin/bash: q: 未找到命令
Shell 已返回127
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[已修改但尚未保存]
/bin/bash: 21: 未找到命令
Shell 已返回127
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[已修改但尚未保存]
/bin/bash: wq: 未找到命令
Shell 已返回127
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[已修改但尚未保存]
/bin/bash: wq: 未找到命令
Shell 已返回127
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[已修改但尚未保存]
/bin/bash: wq: 未找到命令
Shell 已返回127
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[已修改但尚未保存]
/bin/bash: q: 未找到命令
Shell 已返回127
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[已修改但尚未保存]
/bin/bash: q: 未找到命令
Shell 已返回127
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[已修改但尚未保存]
/bin/bash: Q: 未找到命令
Shell 已返回127
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[已修改但尚未保存]
/bin/bash: q: 未找到命令
Shell 已返回127
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[已修改但尚未保存]
/bin/bash: q: 未找到命令
Shell 已返回127
请按 ENTER 或其它命令继续
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ sudo vi local.yum
[sudo] caozx26 的密码：
caozx26 不在 sudoers 文件中。此事将被报告。
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ su -
密码：
su: 鉴定故障
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ su -
密码：
[root@localhost ~]# exit
注销
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ sudo su
[sudo] caozx26 的密码：
caozx26 不在 sudoers 文件中。此事将被报告。
[caozx26@localhost yum.repos.d]$ su -
密码：
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg initial-setup-ks.cfg
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repo.d
-bash: cd: /etc/yum.repo.d: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
redhat.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# tar -zcf repo.tar.gz *.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
redhat.repo repo.tar.gz
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -f redhat.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
repo.tar.gz
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim local.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo
[local yum]
name=local yum
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls /mnt
hgfs
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd /mnt
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
hgfs
[root@localhost mnt]# head -10 hgfs
head: 读取'hgfs' 时出错: 是一个目录
[root@localhost mnt]# ll hgfs
总用量 0
[root@localhost mnt]# cd hgfs
[root@localhost hgfs]# ls
[root@localhost hgfs]# cd /
[root@localhost /]# rm -f /mnt
rm: 无法删除'/mnt': 是一个目录
[root@localhost /]# rm -f /mnt/
rm: 无法删除'/mnt/': 是一个目录
[root@localhost /]# rm -f /mnt/*
rm: 无法删除'/mnt/hgfs': 是一个目录
[root@localhost /]# rm -rf /mnt/*
[root@localhost /]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 19G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
mount: /mnt: 在 /dev/sr0 上找不到媒体.
[root@localhost /]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 19G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
[root@localhost /]# mount -o ro /dev/sr0/mnt
mount: /dev/sr0/mnt: can't find in /etc/fstab.
[root@localhost /]# mount -o ro /dev/sr0 /dev
mount: /dev: 在 /dev/sr0 上找不到媒体.
[root@localhost /]# mount -o ro /dev/sr0 /mnt
mount: /mnt: 在 /dev/sr0 上找不到媒体.
[root@localhost /]# mount -o ro /dev/sr0 /mnt
mount: /mnt: 在 /dev/sr0 上找不到媒体.
[root@localhost /]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 7.9G 0 rom /run/media/caozx26/RHEL-8-2-0-BaseOS-x86_
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 19G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
[root@localhost /]# mount -o ro /dev/sr0 /mnt
[root@localhost /]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 7.9G 0 rom /mnt
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 19G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
[root@localhost /]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 7.9G 0 rom /mnt
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 19G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
[root@localhost /]# cat /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
[root@localhost /]# echo "mount -o ro /dev/sr0 /mnt">>/etc/rc.local
[root@localhost /]# chmod +x /etc/rc.local
[root@localhost /]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
local.repo repo.tar.gz
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo
[local yum]
name=local yum
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Bad id for repo: local yum, byte = 5
0 文件已删除
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Bad id for repo: local yum, byte = 5
在"/etc/yum.repos.d", "/etc/yum/repos.d", "/etc/distro.repos.d"中没有被启用的仓库
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
local.repo redhat.repo repo.tar.gz
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Bad id for repo: local yum, byte = 5
没有可用的软件仓库
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Bad id for repo: local yum, byte = 5
0 文件已删除
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim local.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo
[local]
name=local yum
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
0 文件已删除
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
local yum 0.0 B/s | 0 B 00:00
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'local':
- Curl error (37): Couldn't read a file:// file for file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml [Couldn't open file /mnt/repodata/repomd.xml]
错误：Failed to download metadata for repo 'local': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
local.repo redhat.repo repo.tar.gz
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf re
redhat.repo repo.tar.gz
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf redhat.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
local.repo repo.tar.gz
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo
[local]
name=local yum
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
0 文件已删除
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
local yum 0.0 B/s | 0 B 00:00
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'local':
- Curl error (37): Couldn't read a file:// file for file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml [Couldn't open file /mnt/repodata/repomd.xml]
错误：Failed to download metadata for repo 'local': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 7.9G 0 rom /mnt
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 19G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls /mnt/repodata
ls: 无法访问'/mnt/repodata': 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 872M 0 872M 0% /dev
tmpfs 900M 0 900M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 900M 9.7M 891M 2% /run
tmpfs 900M 0 900M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 4.2G 13G 25% /
/dev/nvme0n1p1 1014M 229M 786M 23% /boot
tmpfs 180M 1.2M 179M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 180M 4.6M 176M 3% /run/user/1000
/dev/sr0 7.9G 7.9G 0 100% /mnt
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls /mnt
AppStream EFI extra_files.json images media.repo RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
BaseOS EULA GPL isolinux RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-beta TRANS.TBL
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
local.repo redhat.repo repo.tar.gz
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo
[local]
name=local yum
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum local.repo
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
未找到命令: local.repo。请使用 /usr/bin/yum --help
It could be a YUM plugin command, try: "yum install 'dnf-command(local.repo)'"
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim local.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo
[AppStream]
name=local yum
baseurl=file:///mnt/AppStream
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[BaseOS]
name=local yum
baseurl=file:///mnt/BaseOS
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
0 文件已删除
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
local yum 211 MB/s | 5.8 MB 00:00
local yum 250 MB/s | 2.3 MB 00:00
元数据缓存已建立。
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
仓库标识 仓库名称
AppStream local yum
BaseOS local yum
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -ql ssh
未安装软件包 ssh
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa ssh
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd ~
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg initial-setup-ks.cfg
[root@localhost ~]# yum install open-ssh
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
上次元数据过期检查：0:00:40 前，执行于 2025年09月10日 星期三 00时00分09秒。
No match for argument: open-ssh
错误：没有任何匹配: open-ssh
[root@localhost ~]# yum install openssh
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
上次元数据过期检查：0:00:50 前，执行于 2025年09月10日 星期三 00时00分09秒。
软件包 openssh-8.0p1-4.el8_1.x86_64 已安装。
依赖关系解决。
无需任何处理。
完毕！
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-ens160
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens160
UUID=fcf53203-1e18-4f24-bdc7-bd0892cd3c84
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=no
[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-ens160
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=no
IPADDR=192.168.235.3
GATEWAY=192.168.235.2
DNS1=8.8.8.8
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl rstart network
Unknown operation rstart.
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
Failed to restart network.service: Unit network.service not found.
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:74:89:37 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:0a:79:2b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:0a:79:2b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-ens160
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.235.3
GATEWAY=192.168.235.2
DNS1=8.8.8.8
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
Failed to restart network.service: Unit network.service not found.
[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart NetworkManager
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-ens160
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.235.3
GATEWAY=192.168.235.2
DNS1=8.8.8.8
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:74:89:37 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.235.3/24 brd 192.168.235.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe74:8937/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:0a:79:2b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:0a:79:2b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-ens160
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cd /
[root@localhost /]# ls
bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
[root@localhost /]# echo [ $RANDOM%10 ]
[ 12069%10 ]
[root@localhost /]# echo $[ RANDOM%10 ]
0
[root@localhost /]# echo $[ RANDOM%10 ]
0
[root@localhost /]# echo $[ RANDOM%10 ]
5
[root@localhost /]# echo $[ RANDOM%10 ]
8
[root@localhost /]# echo $[ RANDOM%10 ]
2
[root@localhost /]# echo $[ $RANDOM%10 ]
7
[root@localhost /]# echo $[ $RANDOM%10 ]
7
[root@localhost /]# echo $[ $RANDOM%10 ]
0
[root@localhost /]# echo $[ $RANDOM%10 ]
2
[root@localhost /]# echo $[ $RANDOM%10 ]
4
[root@localhost /]# vim pho.sh
[root@localhost /]# cat pho.sh
for ((i=0;i<1000;i++));do
n1=$[$RANDOM%10]
n2=$[$RANDOM%10]
n3=$[$RANDOM%10]
n4=$[$RANDOM%10]
n5=$[$RANDOM%10]
n6=$[$RANDOM%10]
n7=$[$RANDOM%10]
n8=$[$RANDOM%10]
echo 139$n1$n2$n3$n4$n5$n6$n7$n8 >> phonenum.txt
done
[root@localhost /]# chmod +x pho.sh
[root@localhost /]# ./pho.sh
[root@localhost /]# cat phonenum.txt
13906953658
13985853325
13991370437
13900918742
13936775091
13907567450
13945324426
13919242062
13986360431
bash
login as: root
root@192.168.235.3's password:
▒▒▒ʱ▒▒ܾ▒
root@192.168.235.3's password:
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ • MobaXterm 20.0 • │
│ (SSH client, X-server and networking tools) │
│ │
│ ➤ SSH session to root@192.168.235.3 │
│ • SSH compression : ✘ │
│ • SSH-browser : ✔ │
│ • X11-forwarding : ✔ (remote display is forwarded through SSH) │
│ • DISPLAY : ✔ (automatically set on remote server) │
│ │
│ ➤ For more info, ctrl+click on help or visit our website │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Activate the web console with: systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket
This system is not registered to Red Hat Insights. See https://cloud.redhat.com/
To register this system, run: insights-client --register
Last failed login: Wed Sep 10 01:07:35 +03 2025 from 192.168.235.1 on ssh:notty
There was 1 failed login attempt since the last successful login.
Last login: Tue Sep 9 23:13:48 2025
/usr/bin/xauth: file /root/.Xauthority does not exist
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg initial-setup-ks.cfg
[root@localhost ~]# cd /
[root@localhost /]# ls
bin dev home lib64 mnt phonenum.txt proc run srv tmp var
boot etc lib media opt pho.sh root sbin sys usr
[root@localhost /]# vim lucpho.sh
[root@localhost /]# cat lucpho.sh
sort -R phonenum.txt >luc1.txt
tail -5 luc1.txt>luc2.txt
while IFS= read -r line;do
a=$(echo "$line"|cut -c8-11)
echo 139****$a>>luckylist.txt
done <luc2.txt
[root@localhost /]# chmod +x lucpho.sh
[root@localhost /]# ./lucpho.sh
[root@localhost /]# cat luckylist.txt
139****3316
139****0274
139****7642
139****1853
139****6060
[root@localhost /]# useradd u1
[root@localhost /]# tail -5 /etc/group
slocate:x:21:
rngd:x:974:
tcpdump:x:72:
caozx26:x:1000:
u1:x:1001:
[root@localhost /]# tail -5 /etc/password
tail: 无法打开'/etc/password' 读取数据: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost /]# tail -5 /etc/passwd
avahi:x:70:70:Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/sbin/nologin
rngd:x:976:974:Random Number Generator Daemon:/var/lib/rngd:/sbin/nologin
tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
caozx26:x:1000:1000:caozx26:/home/caozx26:/bin/bash
u1:x:1001:1001::/home/u1:/bin/bash
[root@localhost /]# i=1
[root@localhost /]# while ( $i -ne 5 );do
> i++
> echo 66$i
> done
bash: 1: 未找到命令...
[root@localhost /]# while [ $i -ne 5 ];do
> let i++
> ^C
[root@localhost /]# while [ $i -ne 5 ];do
> let "$i"++
> echo 66$i
> done
-bash: let: 1++: 语法错误: 需要操作数 (错误符号是 "+")
661
-bash: let: 1++: 语法错误: 需要操作数 (错误符号是 "+")
661
-bash: let: 1++: 语法错误: 需要操作数 (错误符号是 "+")
661
-bash: let: 1++: 语法错误: 需要操作数 (错误符号是 "+")
661
-bash: let: 1++: 语法错误: 需要操作数 (错误符号是 "+")
-bash: let: 1++: 语法错误: 需要操作数 (错误符号是 "+")
661
-bash: let: 1++: 语法错误: 需要操作数 (错误符号^C
[root@localhost /]# i=0 /
-bash: /: 是一个目录
[root@localhost /]# i=0 \
> while [ $i -ne 4 ];do
-bash: 未预期的符号 `do' 附近有语法错误
[root@localhost /]# i=0
[root@localhost /]# while [ $i -ne 4 ];do
> echo 66$i
> let i++
> done
660
661
662
663
[root@localhost /]# i=0
[root@localhost /]# while [ $i -ne 4 ];do
> let i++
> echo 66$i
> done
661
662
663
664
[root@localhost /]# while [ $i -ne 5 ];do
> let i++
> echo 66$i
> done
665
[root@localhost /]# vim u5.sh
[root@localhost /]# cat u5.sh
i=0
n1=$[$RANDOM%10]
n2=$[$RANDOM%10]
n3=$[$RANDOM%10]
n4=$[$RANDOM%10]
n5=$[$RANDOM%10]
n6=$[$RANDOM%10]
while [ $i -ne 5 ];do
let i++
useradd userr$i
echo $n1$n2$n3$n4$n5$n6 |passwd -stdin userr$i
done
[root@localhost /]# chmod +x u5.sh
[root@localhost /]# ./u5.sh
passwd：错误的参数 -stdin：未知的选项
passwd：错误的参数 -stdin：未知的选项
passwd：错误的参数 -stdin：未知的选项
passwd：错误的参数 -stdin：未知的选项
passwd：错误的参数 -stdin：未知的选项
[root@localhost /]# vim u5.sh
[root@localhost /]# cat u5.sh
i=0
n1=$[$RANDOM%10]
n2=$[$RANDOM%10]
n3=$[$RANDOM%10]
n4=$[$RANDOM%10]
n5=$[$RANDOM%10]
n6=$[$RANDOM%10]
while [ $i -ne 5 ];do
let i++
useradd userr$i
echo $n1$n2$n3$n4$n5$n6 |passwd --stdin userr$i
done
[root@localhost /]# ./u5.sh
useradd：用户"userr1"已存在
更改用户 userr1 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
useradd：用户"userr2"已存在
更改用户 userr2 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
useradd：用户"userr3"已存在
更改用户 userr3 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
useradd：用户"userr4"已存在
更改用户 userr4 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
useradd：用户"userr5"已存在
更改用户 userr5 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
[root@localhost /]# tail -5 /etc/passwd
userr1:x:1002:1002::/home/userr1:/bin/bash
userr2:x:1003:1003::/home/userr2:/bin/bash
userr3:x:1004:1004::/home/userr3:/bin/bash
userr4:x:1005:1005::/home/userr4:/bin/bash
userr5:x:1006:1006::/home/userr5:/bin/bash
[root@localhost /]#