SpringBoot集成Kafka

1、maven依赖

xml 复制代码

<!-- 无需指定版本，跟随springboot版本自动引入适配版本 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
</dependency>

2、application.yml 配置

yaml 复制代码

spring:
  kafka:
    bootstrap-servers: 10.10.62.32:31175,10.10.62.32:31032,10.10.62.32:32224
    consumer:
      group-id: 'default-group-id'
      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      enable-auto-commit: false
      max-poll-records: 100
      auto-offset-reset: latest
    listener:
      ack-mode: manual
      type: BATCH
    properties:
      security.protocol: PLAINTEXT
      #sasl.mechanism: PLAIN
    #jaas:
      #config: #config: 'org.apache.kafka.common.security.scram.ScramLoginModule required username="admin" password="Wt1g2+UNRPnV";'

3、消息生产者Producer

java 复制代码

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.SendResult;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture;


@Service
public class KafkaProducerService {

    @Autowired
    private KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate;

    public void sendMessage(String topic, String message) {
        //异步消息
        ListenableFuture<SendResult<String, String>> asyncResult = kafkaTemplate.send(topic, message);
        asyncResult.addCallback(
                success -> {
                    String topic1 = success.getRecordMetadata().topic();
                    int partition = success.getRecordMetadata().partition();
                    long offset = success.getRecordMetadata().offset();
                    System.out.println("异步发送成功: topic=" + topic + ", partition=" + partition + ", offset=" + offset);
                },
                failure -> {
                    System.out.println("异步发送失败: " + failure.getMessage());
                    // 可以记录日志、重试、告警等
                }
        );

        //同步消息
        try {
            SendResult<String, String> syncResult =  kafkaTemplate.send(topic, message).get();
            System.out.println("同步发送成功: " + syncResult.getRecordMetadata());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("发送失败: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

4、消息消费者Consumer

java 复制代码

import org.example.springboot.starter.common.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class KafkaConsumerService {

    @KafkaListener(topics = "my-topic", groupId = "policy-sr-group")
    public void listen(String message, Acknowledgment ack) {
        try {
            System.out.println("消费者Received Message: " + message);
            // 处理业务逻辑
        } finally {
            // 手动提交 offset
            ack.acknowledge();
        }
    }

    @KafkaListener(topics = "user-topic", groupId = "policy-sr-group")
    public void listenUser(List<User> user, Acknowledgment ack) {
        System.out.println("消费者Received User: " + user);
        ack.acknowledge();
    }

}

🧩 @KafkaListener 核心属性一览

属性	类型	说明
topics	String\[\]	监听的 topic 名称
topicPattern	String	正则表达式匹配 topic（动态监听）
id	String	消费者 ID（用于日志、管理）
groupId	String	消费者组 ID（覆盖配置文件）
concurrency	String	并发线程数（控制吞吐）
containerFactory	String	指定 KafkaListenerContainerFactory
errorHandler	Class	自定义错误处理器
ackMode	String	手动提交模式（配合 Acknowledgment）
clientIdPrefix	String	客户端 ID 前缀
batch	boolean	是否启用批量消费
properties	String\[\]	动态设置消费者属性