RabbitMQ Quorum 队列与classic队列关系

简明回答 Summary

特性 / Feature	`classic` 队列（含镜像）`classic` Queue (with mirroring)	`quorum` 队列`quorum` Queue
支持镜像？Supports Mirroring?	✅ 是（通过策略配置）Yes (via policy)	❌ 否（内建复制机制）No (built-in replication)
高可用性？High Availability?	✅ 是，但有一致性风险Yes, but with consistency risks	✅ 是，Raft 协议强一致Yes, with strong consistency via Raft
数据复制机制Replication Method	异步镜像复制Asynchronous mirroring	Raft 协议同步复制Synchronous via Raft protocol
是否推荐Recommended?	❌ 否，已过时No (deprecated)	✅ 是，官方推荐Yes (officially recommended)

Quorum 队列支持镜像吗？

Does Quorum Queue Support Mirroring?

不支持。 No.

quorum 队列不支持 RabbitMQ 中传统的镜像队列（mirrored queues）配置，因为它本身就是为高可用场景设计的 ，使用的是更先进的 Raft 共识协议 进行消息复制。

The quorum queue does not support the traditional mirrored queues in RabbitMQ. That's because it is already designed for high availability , using a more advanced Raft consensus protocol for message replication.

为什么 Quorum 不需要镜像？

Why Quorum Doesn't Need Mirroring

因为它是基于 Raft 分布式共识协议 ，天生就是一个多副本、高一致性、高可用的队列类型。

Because it is based on the Raft distributed consensus algorithm , it is inherently replicated , ensuring high availability and strong consistency without needing mirroring.

对比示意图 Comparison Diagram

Classic Mirrored Queue

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[Master Queue] <--- 异步复制 async --- [Mirror 1]
                                 \
                                  ---> [Mirror 2]

异步复制，可能不一致
失败转移可能导致重复消费或数据丢失 Asynchronous replication may lead to inconsistency or message loss during failover.

Quorum Queue (Raft)

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[Leader] <---> [Follower 1]
        <---> [Follower 2]

同步复制，一致性保障
自动选主，自动恢复 Synchronous replication with strong consistency. Automatic leader election and recovery.

使用建议 Recommendations

使用场景 / Use Case	推荐队列 / Recommended Queue
简单任务，无高可用需求Simple tasks, no HA required	`classic` 队列（普通队列）`classic` queue
高可用、强一致性要求High availability with strong consistency	✅ `quorum` 队列
正在替代 Kafka 或构建重要系统Replacing Kafka or building critical systems	✅ `quorum` 队列

Quorum 队列使用注意事项 Notes on Using Quorum Queue

性能低于 classic 队列（因强一致复制） Lower throughput due to synchronous replication.
更依赖磁盘 IO 和网络 Heavier disk I/O and network usage.
不支持部分特性，如 TTL、优先级队列、lazy 队列等 Does not support TTL, priority queues, or lazy queues.

总结 Summary

quorum 队列不支持 镜像队列 quorum queue does not support mirroring.
它不需要镜像 ，因为它本身就是一个复制队列 It doesn't need mirroring, as it is already replicated.
官方推荐在高可用系统中使用 quorum 队列 Officially recommended for highly available systems.