开源 Objective-C IOS 应用开发（十九）视频的播放

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@class VideoViewController;

@interface AppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate>

@property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;
@property (strong, nonatomic) VideoViewController *videoViewController;

@end

AppDelegate.m文件

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#import "AppDelegate.h"
#import "VideoViewController.h"

@implementation AppDelegate

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    // 创建主窗口
    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
    self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    
    // 创建视频播放视图控制器
    self.videoViewController = [[VideoViewController alloc] init];
    
    // 设置根视图控制器
    self.window.rootViewController = self.videoViewController;
    
    // 显示窗口
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    
    return YES;
}

@end

VideoPlayer.h文件

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#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@interface VideoPlayer : UIView

@property (strong, nonatomic) AVPlayer *player;
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVPlayerLayer *playerLayer;
@property (strong, nonatomic) UIButton *playPauseButton;
@property (strong, nonatomic) UIButton *fullscreenButton;
@property (strong, nonatomic) UIView *controlsView;
@property (strong, nonatomic) UISlider *progressSlider;
@property (strong, nonatomic) UILabel *currentTimeLabel;
@property (strong, nonatomic) UILabel *totalTimeLabel;

- (void)setupPlayerWithURL:(NSURL *)videoURL;
- (void)play;
- (void)pause;
- (void)togglePlayPause;

@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

VideoPlayer.m文件

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#import "VideoPlayer.h"

@interface VideoPlayer()

@property (strong, nonatomic) id timeObserver;
@property (assign, nonatomic) BOOL controlsHidden;

@end

@implementation VideoPlayer

- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {
    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
    if (self) {
        [self setupUI];
        [self setupGestures];
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)setupUI {
    self.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    
    // 创建播放器图层
    self.playerLayer = [AVPlayerLayer playerLayerWithPlayer:nil];
    self.playerLayer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspect;
    [self.layer addSublayer:self.playerLayer];
    
    // 创建控制界面
    self.controlsView = [[UIView alloc] init];
    self.controlsView.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.0 alpha:0.7];
    [self addSubview:self.controlsView];
    
    // 播放/暂停按钮
    self.playPauseButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];
    [self.playPauseButton setTitle:@"播放" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [self.playPauseButton setTitleColor:[UIColor whiteColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [self.playPauseButton addTarget:self action:@selector(togglePlayPause) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.controlsView addSubview:self.playPauseButton];
    
    // 进度条
    self.progressSlider = [[UISlider alloc] init];
    self.progressSlider.minimumValue = 0.0;
    [self.progressSlider addTarget:self action:@selector(sliderValueChanged:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventValueChanged];
    [self.progressSlider addTarget:self action:@selector(sliderTouchUpInside:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.controlsView addSubview:self.progressSlider];
    
    // 时间标签
    self.currentTimeLabel = [[UILabel alloc] init];
    self.currentTimeLabel.text = @"00:00";
    self.currentTimeLabel.textColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    self.currentTimeLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:12];
    [self.controlsView addSubview:self.currentTimeLabel];
    
    self.totalTimeLabel = [[UILabel alloc] init];
    self.totalTimeLabel.text = @"00:00";
    self.totalTimeLabel.textColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    self.totalTimeLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:12];
    [self.controlsView addSubview:self.totalTimeLabel];
    
    // 全屏按钮
    self.fullscreenButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem];
    [self.fullscreenButton setTitle:@"全屏" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [self.fullscreenButton setTitleColor:[UIColor whiteColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [self.controlsView addSubview:self.fullscreenButton];
    
    self.controlsHidden = NO;
    [self hideControlsAfterDelay];
}

- (void)setupGestures {
    // 添加点击手势来控制界面显示/隐藏
    UITapGestureRecognizer *tapGesture = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(toggleControls)];
    [self addGestureRecognizer:tapGesture];
}

- (void)layoutSubviews {
    [super layoutSubviews];
    
    // 设置播放器图层大小
    self.playerLayer.frame = self.bounds;
    
    // 设置控制界面布局
    CGFloat controlsHeight = 60.0;
    self.controlsView.frame = CGRectMake(0, self.bounds.size.height - controlsHeight,
                                        self.bounds.size.width, controlsHeight);
    
    CGFloat padding = 10.0;
    CGFloat buttonWidth = 60.0;
    
    self.playPauseButton.frame = CGRectMake(padding, 10, buttonWidth, 30);
    
    self.currentTimeLabel.frame = CGRectMake(CGRectGetMaxX(self.playPauseButton.frame) + padding, 15, 40, 20);
    
    CGFloat sliderX = CGRectGetMaxX(self.currentTimeLabel.frame) + padding;
    CGFloat fullscreenButtonWidth = 50.0;
    self.fullscreenButton.frame = CGRectMake(self.bounds.size.width - fullscreenButtonWidth - padding, 10,
                                           fullscreenButtonWidth, 30);
    
    self.totalTimeLabel.frame = CGRectMake(CGRectGetMinX(self.fullscreenButton.frame) - 40 - padding, 15, 40, 20);
    
    CGFloat sliderWidth = CGRectGetMinX(self.totalTimeLabel.frame) - sliderX - padding;
    self.progressSlider.frame = CGRectMake(sliderX, 15, sliderWidth, 20);
}

- (void)setupPlayerWithURL:(NSURL *)videoURL {
    // 创建AVPlayerItem
    AVPlayerItem *playerItem = [AVPlayerItem playerItemWithURL:videoURL];
    
    // 创建AVPlayer
    self.player = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:playerItem];
    self.playerLayer.player = self.player;
    
    // 添加时间观察者
    __weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
    self.timeObserver = [self.player addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:CMTimeMake(1, 1)
                                                                  queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()
                                                             usingBlock:^(CMTime time) {
        [weakSelf updateProgress];
    }];
    
    // 监听播放结束
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
                                           selector:@selector(playerItemDidReachEnd:)
                                               name:AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification
                                             object:playerItem];
}

- (void)updateProgress {
    if (self.player.currentItem.status == AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay) {
        Float64 currentTime = CMTimeGetSeconds(self.player.currentTime);
        Float64 duration = CMTimeGetSeconds(self.player.currentItem.duration);
        
        if (isfinite(duration)) {
            self.progressSlider.value = currentTime / duration;
            self.currentTimeLabel.text = [self timeStringFromSeconds:currentTime];
            self.totalTimeLabel.text = [self timeStringFromSeconds:duration];
        }
    }
}

- (NSString *)timeStringFromSeconds:(Float64)seconds {
    NSInteger minutes = (NSInteger)seconds / 60;
    NSInteger secs = (NSInteger)seconds % 60;
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%02ld:%02ld", (long)minutes, (long)secs];
}

- (void)play {
    [self.player play];
    [self.playPauseButton setTitle:@"暂停" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
}

- (void)pause {
    [self.player pause];
    [self.playPauseButton setTitle:@"播放" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
}

- (void)togglePlayPause {
    if (self.player.rate == 0.0) {
        [self play];
    } else {
        [self pause];
    }
}

- (void)sliderValueChanged:(UISlider *)slider {
    [self.player removeTimeObserver:self.timeObserver];
}

- (void)sliderTouchUpInside:(UISlider *)slider {
    if (self.player.currentItem.status == AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay) {
        Float64 duration = CMTimeGetSeconds(self.player.currentItem.duration);
        Float64 seekTime = duration * slider.value;
        
        [self.player seekToTime:CMTimeMakeWithSeconds(seekTime, NSEC_PER_SEC)];
        
        // 重新添加时间观察者
        __weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
        self.timeObserver = [self.player addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:CMTimeMake(1, 1)
                                                                      queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()
                                                                 usingBlock:^(CMTime time) {
            [weakSelf updateProgress];
        }];
    }
}

- (void)playerItemDidReachEnd:(NSNotification *)notification {
    [self.player seekToTime:kCMTimeZero];
    [self pause];
}

- (void)toggleControls {
    self.controlsHidden = !self.controlsHidden;
    
    [UIView animateWithDuration:0.3 animations:^{
        self.controlsView.alpha = self.controlsHidden ? 0.0 : 1.0;
    }];
    
    if (!self.controlsHidden) {
        [self hideControlsAfterDelay];
    }
}

- (void)hideControlsAfterDelay {
    [NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:self selector:@selector(hideControls) object:nil];
    [self performSelector:@selector(hideControls) withObject:nil afterDelay:3.0];
}

- (void)hideControls {
    [UIView animateWithDuration:0.3 animations:^{
        self.controlsView.alpha = 0.0;
    }];
    self.controlsHidden = YES;
}

- (void)dealloc {
    if (self.timeObserver) {
        [self.player removeTimeObserver:self.timeObserver];
    }
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self];
}

@end

VideoViewController.h文件

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#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@interface VideoViewController : UIViewController

@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

VideoViewController.m文件

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#import "VideoViewController.h"
#import "VideoPlayer.h"

@interface VideoViewController ()

@property (strong, nonatomic) VideoPlayer *videoPlayer;

@end

@implementation VideoViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    
    [self setupUI];
    [self setupVideoPlayer];
}

- (void)setupUI {
    self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    
    // 创建标题
    UILabel *titleLabel = [[UILabel alloc] init];
    titleLabel.text = @"视频播放器";
    titleLabel.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:24];
    titleLabel.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
    titleLabel.frame = CGRectMake(0, 60, self.view.bounds.size.width, 40);
    [self.view addSubview:titleLabel];
}

- (void)setupVideoPlayer {
    // 创建视频播放器
    CGFloat playerWidth = self.view.bounds.size.width - 40;
    CGFloat playerHeight = playerWidth * 9.0 / 16.0; // 16:9 比例
    
    self.videoPlayer = [[VideoPlayer alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 120, playerWidth, playerHeight)];
    [self.view addSubview:self.videoPlayer];
    
    // 使用本地视频文件或网络视频URL
    NSURL *videoURL = nil;
    
    // 方式1: 使用本地视频文件 (需要将视频文件添加到项目中)
    NSString *localVideoPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"sample" ofType:@"mp4"];
    if (localVideoPath) {
        videoURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:localVideoPath];
    } else {
        // 方式2: 使用网络视频URL
        videoURL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"https://example.com/sample.mp4"];
        
        // 方式3: 使用测试视频URL (这是一个公开的测试视频)
        //videoURL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"https://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/gtv-videos-bucket/sample/BigBuckBunny.mp4"];
        
    }
    
    if (videoURL) {
        [self.videoPlayer setupPlayerWithURL:videoURL];
    } else {
        NSLog(@"无法找到视频文件");
    }
    
    // 添加说明标签
    UILabel *instructionLabel = [[UILabel alloc] init];
    instructionLabel.text = @"点击视频区域显示/隐藏控制界面";
    instructionLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:14];
    instructionLabel.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
    instructionLabel.textColor = [UIColor grayColor];
    instructionLabel.frame = CGRectMake(20, CGRectGetMaxY(self.videoPlayer.frame) + 20,
                                      self.view.bounds.size.width - 40, 30);
    [self.view addSubview:instructionLabel];
}

- (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated {
    [super viewWillAppear:animated];
    
    // 开始播放视频
    [self.videoPlayer play];
}

- (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated {
    [super viewWillDisappear:animated];
    
    // 暂停播放视频
    [self.videoPlayer pause];
}

- (BOOL)shouldAutorotate {
    return YES;
}

- (UIInterfaceOrientationMask)supportedInterfaceOrientations {
    return UIInterfaceOrientationMaskPortrait;
}

@end

info.plist

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
    
    <dict>
        <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
        <true/>
    </dict>
</plist>

三、源码分析

VideoPlayer.h 头文件分析

属性声明

objectivec

@property (strong, nonatomic) AVPlayer *player; // AVFoundation播放器核心

@property (strong, nonatomic) AVPlayerLayer *playerLayer; // 视频显示图层

@property (strong, nonatomic) UIButton *playPauseButton; // 播放/暂停按钮

@property (strong, nonatomic) UIButton *fullscreenButton; // 全屏按钮(目前无功能)

@property (strong, nonatomic) UIView *controlsView; // 控制界面容器

@property (strong, nonatomic) UISlider *progressSlider; // 进度条

@property (strong, nonatomic) UILabel *currentTimeLabel; // 当前时间显示

@property (strong, nonatomic) UILabel *totalTimeLabel; // 总时间显示

公共方法

objectivec

(void)setupPlayerWithURL:(NSURL *)videoURL; // 初始化播放器并设置视频URL
(void)play; // 开始播放
(void)pause; // 暂停播放
(void)togglePlayPause; // 切换播放/暂停状态

VideoPlayer.m 实现文件分析

初始化函数

objectivec

(instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {

self = [super initWithFrame:frame];

if (self) {

self setupUI\]; // 初始化用户界面 \[self setupGestures\]; // 设置手势识别 } return self; } 2. 界面设置函数 objectivec - (void)setupUI { // 设置黑色背景 self.backgroundColor = \[UIColor blackColor\]; // 创建播放器图层 self.playerLayer = \[AVPlayerLayer playerLayerWithPlayer:nil\]; self.playerLayer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspect; // 保持视频比例 \[self.layer addSublayer:self.playerLayer\]; // 创建半透明控制界面 self.controlsView = \[\[UIView alloc\] init\]; self.controlsView.backgroundColor = \[UIColor colorWithWhite:0.0 alpha:0.7\]; // 创建播放/暂停按钮 self.playPauseButton = \[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem\]; \[self.playPauseButton setTitle:@"播放" forState:UIControlStateNormal\]; \[self.playPauseButton addTarget:self action:@selector(togglePlayPause) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside\]; // 创建进度条并绑定事件 self.progressSlider = \[\[UISlider alloc\] init\]; \[self.progressSlider addTarget:self action:@selector(sliderValueChanged:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventValueChanged\]; \[self.progressSlider addTarget:self action:@selector(sliderTouchUpInside:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside\]; // 创建时间显示标签 self.currentTimeLabel = \[\[UILabel alloc\] init\]; self.currentTimeLabel.text = @"00:00"; self.totalTimeLabel = \[\[UILabel alloc\] init\]; self.totalTimeLabel.text = @"00:00"; // 创建全屏按钮(目前只有UI，无功能) self.fullscreenButton = \[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeSystem\]; \[self.fullscreenButton setTitle:@"全屏" forState:UIControlStateNormal\]; // 初始化控制界面状态并设置自动隐藏 self.controlsHidden = NO; \[self hideControlsAfterDelay\]; } 3. 手势设置函数 objectivec - (void)setupGestures { // 添加点击手势用于显示/隐藏控制界面 UITapGestureRecognizer \*tapGesture = \[\[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc

initWithTarget:self

action:@selector(toggleControls)];

self addGestureRecognizer:tapGesture\]; } 4. 布局函数 objectivec - (void)layoutSubviews { \[super layoutSubviews\]; // 设置播放器图层充满整个视图 self.playerLayer.frame = self.bounds; // 设置控制界面在底部 CGFloat controlsHeight = 60.0; self.controlsView.frame = CGRectMake(0, self.bounds.size.height - controlsHeight, self.bounds.size.width, controlsHeight); // 详细布局各个控件的位置和大小 // 从左到右：播放按钮 -\> 当前时间 -\> 进度条 -\> 总时间 -\> 全屏按钮 } 5. 播放器初始化函数 objectivec - (void)setupPlayerWithURL:(NSURL \*)videoURL { // 创建播放项目 AVPlayerItem \*playerItem = \[AVPlayerItem playerItemWithURL:videoURL\]; // 创建播放器实例 self.player = \[AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:playerItem\]; self.playerLayer.player = self.player; // 添加时间观察者，每秒更新一次进度 __weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self; self.timeObserver = \[self.player addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:CMTimeMake(1, 1) queue:dispatch_get_main_queue() usingBlock:\^(CMTime time) { \[weakSelf updateProgress\]; // 更新进度显示 }\]; // 监听播放结束通知 \[\[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter\] addObserver:self selector:@selector(playerItemDidReachEnd:) name:AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification object:playerItem\]; } 6. 进度更新函数 objectivec - (void)updateProgress { if (self.player.currentItem.status == AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay) { // 获取当前播放时间和总时长 Float64 currentTime = CMTimeGetSeconds(self.player.currentTime); Float64 duration = CMTimeGetSeconds(self.player.currentItem.duration); if (isfinite(duration)) { // 更新进度条值 self.progressSlider.value = currentTime / duration; // 更新时间显示 self.currentTimeLabel.text = \[self timeStringFromSeconds:currentTime\]; self.totalTimeLabel.text = \[self timeStringFromSeconds:duration\]; } } } 7. 时间格式化函数 objectivec - (NSString \*)timeStringFromSeconds:(Float64)seconds { // 将秒数转换为 "分:秒" 格式 NSInteger minutes = (NSInteger)seconds / 60; NSInteger secs = (NSInteger)seconds % 60; return \[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%02ld:%02ld", (long)minutes, (long)secs\]; } 8. 播放控制函数 objectivec - (void)play { \[self.player play\]; \[self.playPauseButton setTitle:@"暂停" forState:UIControlStateNormal\]; // 更新按钮文字 } - (void)pause { \[self.player pause\]; \[self.playPauseButton setTitle:@"播放" forState:UIControlStateNormal\]; // 更新按钮文字 } - (void)togglePlayPause { // 根据当前播放状态切换 if (self.player.rate == 0.0) { \[self play\]; } else { \[self pause\]; } } 9. 进度条控制函数 objectivec - (void)sliderValueChanged:(UISlider \*)slider { // 拖动进度条时移除时间观察者，避免冲突 \[self.player removeTimeObserver:self.timeObserver\]; } - (void)sliderTouchUpInside:(UISlider \*)slider { if (self.player.currentItem.status == AVPlayerItemStatusReadyToPlay) { // 计算要跳转的时间点 Float64 duration = CMTimeGetSeconds(self.player.currentItem.duration); Float64 seekTime = duration \* slider.value; // 执行跳转 \[self.player seekToTime:CMTimeMakeWithSeconds(seekTime, NSEC_PER_SEC)\]; // 重新添加时间观察者 __weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self; self.timeObserver = \[self.player addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:CMTimeMake(1, 1) queue:dispatch_get_main_queue() usingBlock:\^(CMTime time) { \[weakSelf updateProgress\]; }\]; } } 10. 播放结束处理函数 objectivec - (void)playerItemDidReachEnd:(NSNotification \*)notification { // 播放结束时回到开头并暂停 \[self.player seekToTime:kCMTimeZero\]; \[self pause\]; } 11. 控制界面显示/隐藏函数 objectivec - (void)toggleControls { // 切换控制界面显示状态 self.controlsHidden = !self.controlsHidden; \[UIView animateWithDuration:0.3 animations:\^{ self.controlsView.alpha = self.controlsHidden ? 0.0 : 1.0; }\]; // 如果显示控制界面，设置3秒后自动隐藏 if (!self.controlsHidden) { \[self hideControlsAfterDelay\]; } } - (void)hideControlsAfterDelay { // 取消之前的隐藏请求，避免重复 \[NSObject cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:self selector:@selector(hideControls) object:nil\]; // 3秒后执行隐藏 \[self performSelector:@selector(hideControls) withObject:nil afterDelay:3.0\]; } - (void)hideControls { // 隐藏控制界面 \[UIView animateWithDuration:0.3 animations:\^{ self.controlsView.alpha = 0.0; }\]; self.controlsHidden = YES; } 12. 清理函数 objectivec - (void)dealloc { // 移除时间观察者 if (self.timeObserver) { \[self.player removeTimeObserver:self.timeObserver\]; } // 移除通知观察者 \[\[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter\] removeObserver:self\]; } VideoViewController 分析 主要函数 objectivec - (void)viewDidLoad { \[super viewDidLoad\]; \[self setupUI\]; // 设置界面标题 \[self setupVideoPlayer\]; // 初始化视频播放器 } - (void)setupVideoPlayer { // 创建16:9比例的视频播放器 CGFloat playerWidth = self.view.bounds.size.width - 40; CGFloat playerHeight = playerWidth \* 9.0 / 16.0; self.videoPlayer = \[\[VideoPlayer alloc\] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 120, playerWidth, playerHeight)\]; \[self.view addSubview:self.videoPlayer\]; // 尝试加载视频文件(本地→网络→测试URL) // 设置播放器并开始播放 }