GitLab Docker 安装完整配置项说明

文章目录

[1. 基础运行配置](#1. 基础运行配置)
[2. 数据持久化配置](#2. 数据持久化配置)
[3. 完整配置示例](#3. 完整配置示例)
[4. 环境变量配置项](#4. 环境变量配置项)
[5. 高级配置选项](#5. 高级配置选项)
[6. Docker Compose 完整示例](#6. Docker Compose 完整示例)
[7. 重要注意事项](#7. 重要注意事项)

1. 基础运行配置

bash 复制代码

docker run -d \
  --name gitlab \
  --restart always \
  --hostname gitlab.example.com \  # GitLab 访问域名，必须设置
  -p 8443:443 \      # HTTPS 端口映射
  -p 8080:80 \       # HTTP 端口映射  
  -p 8022:22 \       # SSH 端口映射
  --shm-size 256m \  # 共享内存大小，防止内存不足
  gitlab/gitlab-ce:latest

2. 数据持久化配置

bash 复制代码

docker run -d \
  # ... 其他参数 ...
  -v /srv/gitlab/config:/etc/gitlab \      # 配置文件持久化
  -v /srv/gitlab/logs:/var/log/gitlab \    # 日志文件持久化
  -v /srv/gitlab/data:/var/opt/gitlab \    # 应用数据持久化
  gitlab/gitlab-ce:latest

3. 完整配置示例

bash 复制代码

docker run -d \
  --name gitlab \
  --restart always \
  --hostname gitlab.example.com \
  
  # 端口映射
  -p 8080:80 \        # Web 访问端口
  -p 8443:443 \       # HTTPS 端口  
  -p 8022:22 \        # Git SSH 端口
  
  # 数据卷映射
  -v /docker/gitlab/config:/etc/gitlab \
  -v /docker/gitlab/logs:/var/log/gitlab \
  -v /docker/gitlab/data:/var/opt/gitlab \
  
  # 内存和资源限制
  --shm-size 256m \
  --memory 4096m \     # 限制内存使用
  --cpus 2 \          # 限制 CPU 核心数
  
  # 环境变量配置
  -e GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG="external_url 'https://gitlab.example.com'; gitlab_rails['gitlab_shell_ssh_port'] = 8022;" \
  
  gitlab/gitlab-ce:latest

4. 环境变量配置项

基础配置

bash 复制代码

# 外部访问 URL（必须）
-e EXTERNAL_URL="https://gitlab.example.com"

# 时区设置
-e GITLAB_TIME_ZONE="Asia/Shanghai"
邮件配置
bash
-e GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG="
gitlab_rails['smtp_enable'] = true;
gitlab_rails['smtp_address'] = 'smtp.gmail.com';
gitlab_rails['smtp_port'] = 587;
gitlab_rails['smtp_user_name'] = 'your-email@gmail.com';
gitlab_rails['smtp_password'] = 'your-password';
gitlab_rails['smtp_domain'] = 'gmail.com';
gitlab_rails['smtp_authentication'] = 'login';
gitlab_rails['smtp_enable_starttls_auto'] = true;
gitlab_rails['smtp_tls'] = false;
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_from'] = 'gitlab@example.com';
"
数据库配置
bash
# 使用外部 PostgreSQL
-e GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG="
gitlab_rails['db_adapter'] = 'postgresql';
gitlab_rails['db_encoding'] = 'unicode';
gitlab_rails['db_host'] = 'postgresql';
gitlab_rails['db_port'] = '5432';
gitlab_rails['db_username'] = 'gitlab';
gitlab_rails['db_password'] = 'password';
"
Redis 配置
bash
# 使用外部 Redis
-e GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG="
gitlab_rails['redis_host'] = 'redis';
gitlab_rails['redis_port'] = '6379';
"

5. 高级配置选项

SSL 证书配置

bash 复制代码

# 挂载 SSL 证书
-v /path/to/ssl:/etc/gitlab/ssl

-e GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG="
external_url 'https://gitlab.example.com';
nginx['redirect_http_to_https'] = true;
nginx['ssl_certificate'] = '/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab.example.com.crt';
nginx['ssl_certificate_key'] = '/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab.example.com.key';
"
备份配置
bash
# 备份目录挂载
-v /backup/gitlab:/var/opt/gitlab/backups

# 备份设置
-e GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG="
gitlab_rails['backup_path'] = '/var/opt/gitlab/backups';
gitlab_rails['backup_keep_time'] = 604800; # 保留7天
"
性能调优
bash
-e GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG="
# 工作进程数
unicorn['worker_processes'] = 2;

# Sidekiq 并发数
sidekiq['concurrency'] = 10;

# 数据库连接池大小
gitlab_rails['db_pool'] = 10;

# Redis 连接池
gitlab_rails['redis_cache_database'] = 0;
"

6. Docker Compose 完整示例

yaml 复制代码

version: '3.8'
services:
  gitlab:
    image: gitlab/gitlab-ce:latest
    container_name: gitlab
    restart: always
    hostname: 'gitlab.example.com'
    
    environment:
      GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG: |
        external_url 'https://gitlab.example.com'
        gitlab_rails['gitlab_shell_ssh_port'] = 8022
        gitlab_rails['smtp_enable'] = true
        gitlab_rails['smtp_address'] = "smtp.gmail.com"
        gitlab_rails['smtp_port'] = 587
        gitlab_rails['smtp_user_name'] = "your-email@gmail.com"
        gitlab_rails['smtp_password'] = "your-password"
        gitlab_rails['smtp_domain'] = "gmail.com"
        gitlab_rails['smtp_authentication'] = "login"
        gitlab_rails['smtp_enable_starttls_auto'] = true
        gitlab_rails['smtp_tls'] = false
        gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_from'] = 'gitlab@example.com'
        
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
      - "8443:443" 
      - "8022:22"
      
    volumes:
      - ./gitlab/config:/etc/gitlab
      - ./gitlab/logs:/var/log/gitlab
      - ./gitlab/data:/var/opt/gitlab
      - ./backup:/var/opt/gitlab/backups
      
    shm_size: '256m'
    mem_limit: 4g
    cpus: 2.0

7. 重要注意事项

首次启动需要耐心等待（5-10分钟）
确保挂载目录有正确权限
hostname 必须与访问域名一致
备份数据卷非常重要
生产环境建议配置资源限制

这个配置清单涵盖了 GitLab Docker 安装的主要配置项，你可以根据实际需求进行调整。