iOS 电量监控与优化完整方案

目录

• 电量消耗概述
• 电量监控方案
• [CPU 优化](#CPU 优化 "#cpu-%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96")
• 网络优化
• 定位优化
• 后台任务优化
• 渲染优化
• 传感器优化
• 完整监控方案
• 最佳实践

---

电量消耗概述

电量消耗来源

graph TB A[电量消耗] --> B[CPU] A --> C[网络] A --> D[定位] A --> E[屏幕] A --> F[后台任务] A --> G[传感器] B --> B1[主线程占用] B --> B2[后台计算] B --> B3[频繁唤醒] C --> C1[频繁请求] C --> C2[大数据传输] C --> C3[长连接] D --> D1[GPS 定位] D --> D2[持续定位] D --> D3[高精度定位] E --> E1[高亮度] E --> E2[高刷新率] E --> E3[复杂动画] F --> F1[后台刷新] F --> F2[推送唤醒] F --> F3[音频播放] G --> G1[加速度计] G --> G2[陀螺仪] G --> G3[磁力计] style A fill:#FF6B6B style B fill:#FFA07A style C fill:#FFD93D style D fill:#6BCF7F style E fill:#4D96FF style F fill:#9D84B7 style G fill:#F38181

电量消耗占比

pie title iOS 应用电量消耗分布 "CPU" : 30 "网络" : 25 "定位" : 20 "屏幕" : 15 "后台任务" : 5 "传感器" : 5

电量等级划分

等级	电量消耗	用户感知	优化优先级
优秀	< 5% / 小时	无感知	P3
良好	5-10% / 小时	轻微感知	P2
一般	10-15% / 小时	明显感知	P1
较差	15-20% / 小时	强烈感知	P0
很差	> 20% / 小时	严重发热	P0

---

电量监控方案

监控架构

graph TB A[电量监控系统] --> B[实时监控] A --> C[数据采集] A --> D[数据分析] A --> E[告警系统] B --> B1[电量变化] B --> B2[充电状态] B --> B3[电池健康] C --> C1[CPU 使用率] C --> C2[网络流量] C --> C3[定位使用] C --> C4[后台活动] D --> D1[耗电排行] D --> D2[异常检测] D --> D3[趋势分析] E --> E1[实时告警] E --> E2[日报周报] E --> E3[优化建议] style A fill:#4ECDC4 style B fill:#FF6B6B style C fill:#FFA07A style D fill:#95E1D3 style E fill:#F38181

1. 电量监控管理器

import UIKit
import Foundation

class BatteryMonitor {
    
    static let shared = BatteryMonitor()
    
    // 监控数据
    private var batteryLevel: Float = 1.0
    private var batteryState: UIDevice.BatteryState = .unknown
    private var isMonitoring = false
    
    // 历史记录
    private var batteryHistory: [BatteryRecord] = []
    private let maxHistoryCount = 1000
    
    // 监控间隔
    private var monitoringTimer: Timer?
    private let monitoringInterval: TimeInterval = 60 // 60秒
    
    struct BatteryRecord: Codable {
        let timestamp: Date
        let level: Float
        let state: String
        let temperature: Float?
        let voltage: Float?
        let current: Float?
    }
    
    private init() {
        setupBatteryMonitoring()
    }
    
    // MARK: - Setup
    
    private func setupBatteryMonitoring() {
        // 启用电池监控
        UIDevice.current.isBatteryMonitoringEnabled = true
        
        // 监听电量变化
        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(
            self,
            selector: #selector(batteryLevelDidChange),
            name: UIDevice.batteryLevelDidChangeNotification,
            object: nil
        )
        
        // 监听充电状态变化
        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(
            self,
            selector: #selector(batteryStateDidChange),
            name: UIDevice.batteryStateDidChangeNotification,
            object: nil
        )
    }
    
    // MARK: - Monitoring Control
    
    func startMonitoring() {
        guard !isMonitoring else { return }
        
        isMonitoring = true
        
        // 立即记录一次
        recordBatteryStatus()
        
        // 定时记录
        monitoringTimer = Timer.scheduledTimer(
            withTimeInterval: monitoringInterval,
            repeats: true
        ) { [weak self] _ in
            self?.recordBatteryStatus()
        }
        
        print("🔋 电量监控已启动")
    }
    
    func stopMonitoring() {
        isMonitoring = false
        monitoringTimer?.invalidate()
        monitoringTimer = nil
        
        print("🔋 电量监控已停止")
    }
    
    // MARK: - Battery Status
    
    @objc private func batteryLevelDidChange() {
        batteryLevel = UIDevice.current.batteryLevel
        print("🔋 电量变化: \(Int(batteryLevel * 100))%")
        
        // 检查低电量
        if batteryLevel < 0.2 && batteryLevel > 0 {
            notifyLowBattery()
        }
        
        recordBatteryStatus()
    }
    
    @objc private func batteryStateDidChange() {
        batteryState = UIDevice.current.batteryState
        
        let stateString = batteryStateString(batteryState)
        print(&#34;🔋 充电状态变化: \(stateString)&#34;)
        
        recordBatteryStatus()
    }
    
    private func recordBatteryStatus() {
        let record = BatteryRecord(
            timestamp: Date(),
            level: UIDevice.current.batteryLevel,
            state: batteryStateString(UIDevice.current.batteryState),
            temperature: getBatteryTemperature(),
            voltage: getBatteryVoltage(),
            current: getBatteryCurrent()
        )
        
        batteryHistory.append(record)
        
        // 限制历史记录数量
        if batteryHistory.count > maxHistoryCount {
            batteryHistory.removeFirst()
        }
        
        // 保存到本地
        saveBatteryHistory()
    }
    
    // MARK: - Battery Info
    
    func getCurrentBatteryLevel() -> Float {
        return UIDevice.current.batteryLevel
    }
    
    func getCurrentBatteryState() -> UIDevice.BatteryState {
        return UIDevice.current.batteryState
    }
    
    func isCharging() -> Bool {
        let state = UIDevice.current.batteryState
        return state == .charging || state == .full
    }
    
    private func batteryStateString(_ state: UIDevice.BatteryState) -> String {
        switch state {
        case .unknown:
            return &#34;未知&#34;
        case .unplugged:
            return &#34;未充电&#34;
        case .charging:
            return &#34;充电中&#34;
        case .full:
            return &#34;已充满&#34;
        @unknown default:
            return &#34;未知&#34;
        }
    }
    
    // MARK: - Battery Metrics (需要私有 API 或估算)
    
    private func getBatteryTemperature() -> Float? {
        // iOS 不提供公开 API 获取电池温度
        // 可以通过 IOKit 私有 API 获取（不推荐上架 App Store）
        return nil
    }
    
    private func getBatteryVoltage() -> Float? {
        // iOS 不提供公开 API 获取电池电压
        return nil
    }
    
    private func getBatteryCurrent() -> Float? {
        // iOS 不提供公开 API 获取电池电流
        return nil
    }
    
    // MARK: - Battery Analysis
    
    // 计算电量消耗速率（%/小时）
    func calculateBatteryDrainRate() -> Float? {
        guard batteryHistory.count >= 2 else { return nil }
        
        let recentRecords = batteryHistory.suffix(10)
        guard let firstRecord = recentRecords.first,
              let lastRecord = recentRecords.last else {
            return nil
        }
        
        let timeDiff = lastRecord.timestamp.timeIntervalSince(firstRecord.timestamp)
        guard timeDiff > 0 else { return nil }
        
        let levelDiff = firstRecord.level - lastRecord.level
        let hoursDiff = Float(timeDiff / 3600)
        
        let drainRate = (levelDiff / hoursDiff) * 100
        
        return drainRate
    }
    
    // 预估剩余使用时间（小时）
    func estimateRemainingTime() -> Float? {
        guard let drainRate = calculateBatteryDrainRate(),
              drainRate > 0 else {
            return nil
        }
        
        let currentLevel = UIDevice.current.batteryLevel * 100
        let remainingTime = currentLevel / drainRate
        
        return remainingTime
    }
    
    // 获取电量消耗报告
    func getBatteryReport() -> BatteryReport {
        let currentLevel = UIDevice.current.batteryLevel
        let drainRate = calculateBatteryDrainRate()
        let remainingTime = estimateRemainingTime()
        
        return BatteryReport(
            currentLevel: currentLevel,
            drainRate: drainRate,
            remainingTime: remainingTime,
            isCharging: isCharging(),
            recordCount: batteryHistory.count
        )
    }
    
    struct BatteryReport {
        let currentLevel: Float
        let drainRate: Float?
        let remainingTime: Float?
        let isCharging: Bool
        let recordCount: Int
        
        func description() -> String {
            var desc = &#34;&#34;&#34;
            
            ========== 电量报告 ==========
            当前电量: \(Int(currentLevel * 100))%
            充电状态: \(isCharging ? &#34;充电中&#34; : &#34;未充电&#34;)
            &#34;&#34;&#34;
            
            if let drainRate = drainRate {
                desc += &#34;\n消耗速率: \(String(format: &#34;%.2f&#34;, drainRate))%/小时&#34;
            }
            
            if let remainingTime = remainingTime {
                desc += &#34;\n预计剩余: \(String(format: &#34;%.1f&#34;, remainingTime)) 小时&#34;
            }
            
            desc += &#34;\n记录数量: \(recordCount)&#34;
            desc += &#34;\n===========================\n&#34;
            
            return desc
        }
    }
    
    // MARK: - Notifications
    
    private func notifyLowBattery() {
        print(&#34;⚠️ 低电量警告&#34;)
        
        // 发送通知
        NotificationCenter.default.post(
            name: NSNotification.Name(&#34;LowBatteryWarning&#34;),
            object: nil
        )
    }
    
    // MARK: - Persistence
    
    private func saveBatteryHistory() {
        let encoder = JSONEncoder()
        encoder.dateEncodingStrategy = .iso8601
        
        if let data = try? encoder.encode(batteryHistory) {
            UserDefaults.standard.set(data, forKey: &#34;BatteryHistory&#34;)
        }
    }
    
    private func loadBatteryHistory() {
        guard let data = UserDefaults.standard.data(forKey: &#34;BatteryHistory&#34;) else {
            return
        }
        
        let decoder = JSONDecoder()
        decoder.dateDecodingStrategy = .iso8601
        
        if let history = try? decoder.decode([BatteryRecord].self, from: data) {
            batteryHistory = history
        }
    }
    
    // MARK: - Export
    
    func exportBatteryHistory() -> String {
        var csv = &#34;时间,电量(%),状态\n&#34;
        
        for record in batteryHistory {
            let dateFormatter = DateFormatter()
            dateFormatter.dateFormat = &#34;yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss&#34;
            let timeString = dateFormatter.string(from: record.timestamp)
            
            csv += &#34;\(timeString),\(Int(record.level * 100)),\(record.state)\n&#34;
        }
        
        return csv
    }
}

2. CPU 监控

import Foundation

class CPUMonitor {
    
    static let shared = CPUMonitor()
    
    private var monitoringTimer: Timer?
    private var cpuHistory: [CPURecord] = []
    
    struct CPURecord {
        let timestamp: Date
        let usage: Double
        let threads: Int
    }
    
    private init() {}
    
    // 开始监控
    func startMonitoring(interval: TimeInterval = 1.0) {
        monitoringTimer = Timer.scheduledTimer(
            withTimeInterval: interval,
            repeats: true
        ) { [weak self] _ in
            self?.recordCPUUsage()
        }
    }
    
    // 停止监控
    func stopMonitoring() {
        monitoringTimer?.invalidate()
        monitoringTimer = nil
    }
    
    // 获取当前 CPU 使用率
    func getCurrentCPUUsage() -> Double {
        var totalUsage: Double = 0
        var threadsList: thread_act_array_t?
        var threadsCount = mach_msg_type_number_t(0)
        
        let threadsResult = task_threads(mach_task_self_, &threadsList, &threadsCount)
        
        guard threadsResult == KERN_SUCCESS,
              let threads = threadsList else {
            return 0
        }
        
        for index in 0...stride)
        )
        
        return totalUsage
    }
    
    // 记录 CPU 使用情况
    private func recordCPUUsage() {
        let usage = getCurrentCPUUsage()
        let threads = getThreadCount()
        
        let record = CPURecord(
            timestamp: Date(),
            usage: usage,
            threads: threads
        )
        
        cpuHistory.append(record)
        
        // 限制历史记录
        if cpuHistory.count > 1000 {
            cpuHistory.removeFirst()
        }
        
        // 检查异常
        if usage > 80 {
            print("⚠️ CPU 使用率过高: \(String(format: "%.1f", usage))%")
        }
    }
    
    // 获取线程数量
    private func getThreadCount() -> Int {
        var threadsList: thread_act_array_t?
        var threadsCount = mach_msg_type_number_t(0)
        
        let result = task_threads(mach_task_self_, &threadsList, &threadsCount)
        
        if result == KERN_SUCCESS {
            vm_deallocate(
                mach_task_self_,
                vm_address_t(UInt(bitPattern: threadsList)),
                vm_size_t(Int(threadsCount) * MemoryLayout.stride)
            )
            return Int(threadsCount)
        }
        
        return 0
    }
    
    // 获取平均 CPU 使用率
    func getAverageCPUUsage(duration: TimeInterval = 60) -> Double {
        let cutoffTime = Date().addingTimeInterval(-duration)
        let recentRecords = cpuHistory.filter { $0.timestamp > cutoffTime }
        
        guard !recentRecords.isEmpty else { return 0 }
        
        let totalUsage = recentRecords.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.usage }
        return totalUsage / Double(recentRecords.count)
    }
}

3. 网络监控

import Foundation

class NetworkMonitor {
    
    static let shared = NetworkMonitor()
    
    private var totalBytesSent: Int64 = 0
    private var totalBytesReceived: Int64 = 0
    private var lastCheckTime: Date = Date()
    
    private var monitoringTimer: Timer?
    
    struct NetworkStats {
        let bytesSent: Int64
        let bytesReceived: Int64
        let uploadSpeed: Double  // KB/s
        let downloadSpeed: Double  // KB/s
    }
    
    private init() {}
    
    // 开始监控
    func startMonitoring(interval: TimeInterval = 1.0) {
        // 初始化基准值
        updateNetworkStats()
        
        monitoringTimer = Timer.scheduledTimer(
            withTimeInterval: interval,
            repeats: true
        ) { [weak self] _ in
            self?.updateNetworkStats()
        }
    }
    
    // 停止监控
    func stopMonitoring() {
        monitoringTimer?.invalidate()
        monitoringTimer = nil
    }
    
    // 获取网络统计信息
    func getNetworkStats() -> NetworkStats? {
        var ifaddr: UnsafeMutablePointer?
        
        guard getifaddrs(&ifaddr) == 0 else {
            return nil
        }
        
        defer { freeifaddrs(ifaddr) }
        
        var bytesSent: Int64 = 0
        var bytesReceived: Int64 = 0
        
        var ptr = ifaddr
        while ptr != nil {
            defer { ptr = ptr?.pointee.ifa_next }
            
            guard let interface = ptr?.pointee else { continue }
            
            let name = String(cString: interface.ifa_name)
            
            // 只统计 WiFi 和蜂窝网络
            if name.hasPrefix("en") || name.hasPrefix("pdp_ip") {
                if let data = interface.ifa_data?.assumingMemoryBound(to: if_data.self).pointee {
                    bytesSent += Int64(data.ifi_obytes)
                    bytesReceived += Int64(data.ifi_ibytes)
                }
            }
        }
        
        // 计算速度
        let now = Date()
        let timeDiff = now.timeIntervalSince(lastCheckTime)
        
        let uploadSpeed = Double(bytesSent - totalBytesSent) / timeDiff / 1024
        let downloadSpeed = Double(bytesReceived - totalBytesReceived) / timeDiff / 1024
        
        totalBytesSent = bytesSent
        totalBytesReceived = bytesReceived
        lastCheckTime = now
        
        return NetworkStats(
            bytesSent: bytesSent,
            bytesReceived: bytesReceived,
            uploadSpeed: uploadSpeed,
            downloadSpeed: downloadSpeed
        )
    }
    
    private func updateNetworkStats() {
        guard let stats = getNetworkStats() else { return }
        
        // 检查异常流量
        if stats.uploadSpeed > 100 || stats.downloadSpeed > 100 {
            print("⚠️ 网络流量异常 - 上传: \(String(format: "%.1f", stats.uploadSpeed)) KB/s, 下载: \(String(format: "%.1f", stats.downloadSpeed)) KB/s")
        }
    }
}

---

CPU 优化

CPU 优化策略

graph TB A[CPU 优化] --> B[减少计算] A --> C[异步处理] A --> D[缓存结果] A --> E[降低频率] B --> B1[算法优化] B --> B2[减少循环] B --> B3[避免重复计算] C --> C1[后台线程] C --> C2[GCD 优化] C --> C3[Operation Queue] D --> D1[内存缓存] D --> D2[磁盘缓存] D --> D3[计算结果缓存] E --> E1[降低刷新率] E --> E2[延迟执行] E --> E3[批量处理] style A fill:#4ECDC4 style B fill:#FF6B6B style C fill:#FFA07A style D fill:#95E1D3 style E fill:#F38181

1. 定时器优化

class OptimizedTimer {
    
    private var timer: DispatchSourceTimer?
    private let queue: DispatchQueue
    
    init(queue: DispatchQueue = .global(qos: .utility)) {
        self.queue = queue
    }
    
    // 使用 DispatchSourceTimer 替代 Timer
    func startTimer(interval: TimeInterval, 
                   leeway: DispatchTimeInterval = .milliseconds(100),
                   handler: @escaping () -> Void) {
        
        let timer = DispatchSource.makeTimerSource(queue: queue)
        timer.schedule(
            deadline: .now() + interval,
            repeating: interval,
            leeway: leeway  // 允许系统延迟，节省电量
        )
        
        timer.setEventHandler(handler: handler)
        timer.resume()
        
        self.timer = timer
    }
    
    func stop() {
        timer?.cancel()
        timer = nil
    }
    
    deinit {
        stop()
    }
}

// 使用示例
class SomeViewController: UIViewController {
    
    private let optimizedTimer = OptimizedTimer()
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        // 使用优化的定时器
        optimizedTimer.startTimer(interval: 1.0) {
            // 定时任务
            print("Timer fired")
        }
    }
    
    deinit {
        optimizedTimer.stop()
    }
}

2. 图片处理优化

class ImageProcessor {
    
    static let shared = ImageProcessor()
    
    private let processingQueue = DispatchQueue(
        label: "com.app.imageProcessing",
        qos: .utility
    )
    
    private let cache = NSCache()
    
    private init() {
        cache.countLimit = 100
        cache.totalCostLimit = 50 * 1024 * 1024 // 50MB
    }
    
    // 异步处理图片
    func processImage(_ image: UIImage,
                     size: CGSize,
                     completion: @escaping (UIImage?) -> Void) {
        
        let cacheKey = "\(size.width)x\(size.height)" as NSString
        
        // 检查缓存
        if let cachedImage = cache.object(forKey: cacheKey) {
            completion(cachedImage)
            return
        }
        
        // 后台处理
        processingQueue.async {
            let processedImage = self.resize(image, to: size)
            
            // 缓存结果
            if let processedImage = processedImage {
                self.cache.setObject(processedImage, forKey: cacheKey)
            }
            
            DispatchQueue.main.async {
                completion(processedImage)
            }
        }
    }
    
    private func resize(_ image: UIImage, to size: CGSize) -> UIImage? {
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(size, false, 0.0)
        defer { UIGraphicsEndImageContext() }
        
        image.draw(in: CGRect(origin: .zero, size: size))
        return UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
    }
    
    // 降采样大图片
    func downsampleImage(at url: URL, to size: CGSize) -> UIImage? {
        let options: [CFString: Any] = [
            kCGImageSourceCreateThumbnailFromImageIfAbsent: true,
            kCGImageSourceCreateThumbnailWithTransform: true,
            kCGImageSourceShouldCacheImmediately: true,
            kCGImageSourceThumbnailMaxPixelSize: max(size.width, size.height)
        ]
        
        guard let imageSource = CGImageSourceCreateWithURL(url as CFURL, nil),
              let image = CGImageSourceCreateThumbnailAtIndex(imageSource, 0, options as CFDictionary) else {
            return nil
        }
        
        return UIImage(cgImage: image)
    }
}

3. 列表滚动优化

class OptimizedTableViewController: UITableViewController {
    
    private var data: [String] = []
    private let cellReuseIdentifier = "Cell"
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        // 1. 预估行高，避免实时计算
        tableView.estimatedRowHeight = 44
        tableView.rowHeight = UITableView.automaticDimension
        
        // 2. 注册 cell
        tableView.register(UITableViewCell.self, forCellReuseIdentifier: cellReuseIdentifier)
    }
    
    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return data.count
    }
    
    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        // 3. 复用 cell
        let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: cellReuseIdentifier, for: indexPath)
        
        // 4. 避免在 cellForRow 中进行复杂计算
        cell.textLabel?.text = data[indexPath.row]
        
        // 5. 异步加载图片
        if let imageURL = getImageURL(for: indexPath.row) {
            cell.imageView?.image = UIImage(named: "placeholder")
            
            ImageLoader.shared.loadImage(from: imageURL) { image in
                // 检查 cell 是否被复用
                if let currentCell = tableView.cellForRow(at: indexPath) {
                    currentCell.imageView?.image = image
                }
            }
        }
        
        return cell
    }
    
    // 6. 延迟加载
    override func scrollViewDidEndDragging(_ scrollView: UIScrollView, willDecelerate decelerate: Bool) {
        if !decelerate {
            loadVisibleCells()
        }
    }
    
    override func scrollViewDidEndDecelerating(_ scrollView: UIScrollView) {
        loadVisibleCells()
    }
    
    private func loadVisibleCells() {
        // 只加载可见 cell 的数据
    }
    
    private func getImageURL(for index: Int) -> URL? {
        // 返回图片 URL
        return nil
    }
}

// 图片加载器
class ImageLoader {
    
    static let shared = ImageLoader()
    
    private let cache = NSCache()
    private let loadingQueue = DispatchQueue(label: "com.app.imageLoading", qos: .utility)
    
    func loadImage(from url: URL, completion: @escaping (UIImage?) -> Void) {
        
        // 检查缓存
        if let cachedImage = cache.object(forKey: url as NSURL) {
            completion(cachedImage)
            return
        }
        
        // 后台加载
        loadingQueue.async {
            guard let data = try? Data(contentsOf: url),
                  let image = UIImage(data: data) else {
                DispatchQueue.main.async {
                    completion(nil)
                }
                return
            }
            
            // 缓存图片
            self.cache.setObject(image, forKey: url as NSURL)
            
            DispatchQueue.main.async {
                completion(image)
            }
        }
    }
}

---

网络优化

网络优化策略

graph TB A[网络优化] --> B[减少请求] A --> C[优化传输] A --> D[智能调度] A --> E[缓存策略] B --> B1[请求合并] B --> B2[批量处理] B --> B3[取消无效请求] C --> C1[数据压缩] C --> C2[增量更新] C --> C3[协议优化] D --> D1[WiFi 优先] D --> D2[延迟执行] D --> D3[后台上传] E --> E1[本地缓存] E --> E2[过期策略] E --> E3[预加载] style A fill:#4ECDC4 style B fill:#FF6B6B style C fill:#FFA07A style D fill:#95E1D3 style E fill:#F38181

1. 网络请求优化

class NetworkOptimizer {
    
    static let shared = NetworkOptimizer()
    
    private var pendingRequests: [String: [Request]] = [:]
    private let batchInterval: TimeInterval = 0.5
    
    struct Request {
        let url: URL
        let completion: (Result) -> Void
    }
    
    private init() {}
    
    // 批量请求
    func batchRequest(url: URL, completion: @escaping (Result) -> Void) {
        
        let key = url.host ?? ""
        
        let request = Request(url: url, completion: completion)
        
        if pendingRequests[key] == nil {
            pendingRequests[key] = []
            
            // 延迟执行，收集更多请求
            DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + batchInterval) {
                self.executeBatchRequests(for: key)
            }
        }
        
        pendingRequests[key]?.append(request)
    }
    
    private func executeBatchRequests(for key: String) {
        guard let requests = pendingRequests[key], !requests.isEmpty else {
            return
        }
        
        pendingRequests[key] = nil
        
        print("📦 批量执行 \(requests.count) 个请求")
        
        // 执行批量请求
        for request in requests {
            URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request.url) { data, response, error in
                if let error = error {
                    request.completion(.failure(error))
                } else if let data = data {
                    request.completion(.success(data))
                }
            }.resume()
        }
    }
    
    // 根据网络状态调整策略
    func shouldExecuteRequest() -> Bool {
        // 检查网络类型
        let networkType = getNetworkType()
        
        switch networkType {
        case .wifi:
            return true
        case .cellular:
            // 蜂窝网络下，检查是否允许
            return UserDefaults.standard.bool(forKey: "AllowCellularData")
        case .none:
            return false
        }
    }
    
    enum NetworkType {
        case wifi
        case cellular
        case none
    }
    
    private func getNetworkType() -> NetworkType {
        // 实现网络类型检测
        return .wifi
    }
}

2. 后台上传优化

class BackgroundUploader {
    
    static let shared = BackgroundUploader()
    
    private lazy var session: URLSession = {
        let config = URLSessionConfiguration.background(withIdentifier: "com.app.backgroundUpload")
        config.isDiscretionary = true  // 允许系统选择最佳时机
        config.sessionSendsLaunchEvents = true
        return URLSession(configuration: config, delegate: self, delegateQueue: nil)
    }()
    
    private init() {}
    
    // 后台上传
    func upload(fileURL: URL, to uploadURL: URL) {
        var request = URLRequest(url: uploadURL)
        request.httpMethod = "POST"
        
        let task = session.uploadTask(with: request, fromFile: fileURL)
        task.earliestBeginDate = Date().addingTimeInterval(60)  // 延迟1分钟
        task.countOfBytesClientExpectsToSend = 1024 * 1024  // 预估大小
        task.countOfBytesClientExpectsToReceive = 1024
        
        task.resume()
        
        print("📤 后台上传任务已创建")
    }
}

extension BackgroundUploader: URLSessionDelegate, URLSessionTaskDelegate {
    
    func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, 
                   task: URLSessionTask, 
                   didCompleteWithError error: Error?) {
        if let error = error {
            print("❌ 上传失败: \(error)")
        } else {
            print("✅ 上传成功")
        }
    }
    
    func urlSessionDidFinishEvents(forBackgroundURLSession session: URLSession) {
        print("✅ 后台上传任务完成")
    }
}

---

定位优化

定位优化策略

graph TB A[定位优化] --> B[降低精度] A --> C[减少频率] A --> D[智能切换] A --> E[延迟启动] B --> B1[使用低精度] B --> B2[避免GPS] B --> B3[WiFi定位] C --> C1[增加间隔] C --> C2[距离过滤] C --> C3[按需定位] D --> D1[前后台切换] D --> D2[场景适配] D --> D3[电量感知] E --> E1[延迟初始化] E --> E2[用户触发] E --> E3[批量定位] style A fill:#4ECDC4 style B fill:#FF6B6B style C fill:#FFA07A style D fill:#95E1D3 style E fill:#F38181

1. 定位管理器优化

import CoreLocation

class OptimizedLocationManager: NSObject {
    
    static let shared = OptimizedLocationManager()
    
    private let locationManager = CLLocationManager()
    private var isMonitoring = false
    
    // 定位回调
    var locationUpdateHandler: ((CLLocation) -> Void)?
    
    private override init() {
        super.init()
        setupLocationManager()
    }
    
    private func setupLocationManager() {
        locationManager.delegate = self
        
        // 1. 使用低精度定位
        locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters
        
        // 2. 设置距离过滤器
        locationManager.distanceFilter = 100  // 移动100米才更新
        
        // 3. 允许后台定位（如需要）
        locationManager.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = false
        
        // 4. 暂停自动更新
        locationManager.pausesLocationUpdatesAutomatically = true
        
        // 5. 活动类型
        locationManager.activityType = .other
    }
    
    // 请求权限
    func requestAuthorization() {
        let status = CLLocationManager.authorizationStatus()
        
        switch status {
        case .notDetermined:
            locationManager.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
        case .authorizedWhenInUse, .authorizedAlways:
            print("✅ 已授权定位")
        case .denied, .restricted:
            print("❌ 定位权限被拒绝")
        @unknown default:
            break
        }
    }
    
    // 开始定位
    func startUpdatingLocation() {
        guard !isMonitoring else { return }
        
        // 检查电量
        let batteryLevel = UIDevice.current.batteryLevel
        if batteryLevel < 0.2 && batteryLevel > 0 {
            // 低电量模式：降低精度
            locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyKilometer
            locationManager.distanceFilter = 500
            print(&#34;⚡️ 低电量模式：降低定位精度&#34;)
        }
        
        locationManager.startUpdatingLocation()
        isMonitoring = true
        
        print(&#34;📍 开始定位&#34;)
    }
    
    // 停止定位
    func stopUpdatingLocation() {
        locationManager.stopUpdatingLocation()
        isMonitoring = false
        
        print(&#34;📍 停止定位&#34;)
    }
    
    // 单次定位（更省电）
    func requestSingleLocation() {
        locationManager.requestLocation()
        print(&#34;📍 请求单次定位&#34;)
    }
    
    // 区域监控（地理围栏）
    func startMonitoringRegion(center: CLLocationCoordinate2D, radius: CLLocationDistance) {
        let region = CLCircularRegion(
            center: center,
            radius: radius,
            identifier: &#34;CustomRegion&#34;
        )
        
        region.notifyOnEntry = true
        region.notifyOnExit = true
        
        locationManager.startMonitoring(for: region)
        
        print(&#34;📍 开始区域监控&#34;)
    }
    
    // 重要位置变化（最省电）
    func startMonitoringSignificantLocationChanges() {
        locationManager.startMonitoringSignificantLocationChanges()
        print(&#34;📍 开始监控重要位置变化&#34;)
    }
}

extension OptimizedLocationManager: CLLocationManagerDelegate {
    
    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, 
                        didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
        
        guard let location = locations.last else { return }
        
        print(&#34;📍 位置更新: \(location.coordinate.latitude), \(location.coordinate.longitude)&#34;)
        
        locationUpdateHandler?(location)
    }
    
    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, 
                        didFailWithError error: Error) {
        print(&#34;❌ 定位失败: \(error.localizedDescription)&#34;)
    }
    
    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, 
                        didChangeAuthorization status: CLAuthorizationStatus) {
        switch status {
        case .authorizedWhenInUse, .authorizedAlways:
            print(&#34;✅ 定位权限已授予&#34;)
        case .denied, .restricted:
            print(&#34;❌ 定位权限被拒绝&#34;)
        default:
            break
        }
    }
    
    func locationManagerDidPauseLocationUpdates(_ manager: CLLocationManager) {
        print(&#34;⏸️ 定位已暂停（自动）&#34;)
    }
    
    func locationManagerDidResumeLocationUpdates(_ manager: CLLocationManager) {
        print(&#34;▶️ 定位已恢复&#34;)
    }
}

2. 定位策略选择

class LocationStrategy {
    
    enum Strategy {
        case highAccuracy      // 高精度（GPS）
        case balanced          // 平衡模式
        case lowPower          // 省电模式
        case significantChange // 重要变化
    }
    
    static func selectStrategy(batteryLevel: Float, 
                              isCharging: Bool,
                              userPreference: Strategy?) -> Strategy {
        
        // 用户偏好优先
        if let preference = userPreference {
            return preference
        }
        
        // 充电时使用高精度
        if isCharging {
            return .highAccuracy
        }
        
        // 根据电量选择
        if batteryLevel < 0.2 {
            return .significantChange
        } else if batteryLevel < 0.5 {
            return .lowPower
        } else {
            return .balanced
        }
    }
    
    static func applyStrategy(_ strategy: Strategy, 
                             to locationManager: CLLocationManager) {
        
        switch strategy {
        case .highAccuracy:
            locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest
            locationManager.distanceFilter = kCLDistanceFilterNone
            
        case .balanced:
            locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters
            locationManager.distanceFilter = 100
            
        case .lowPower:
            locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyKilometer
            locationManager.distanceFilter = 500
            
        case .significantChange:
            // 使用重要位置变化监控
            locationManager.stopUpdatingLocation()
            locationManager.startMonitoringSignificantLocationChanges()
        }
    }
}

---

后台任务优化

后台任务策略

graph TB A[后台任务优化] --> B[后台刷新] A --> C[后台下载] A --> D[后台上传] A --> E[后台处理] B --> B1[降低频率] B --> B2[批量处理] B --> B3[智能调度] C --> C1[延迟下载] C --> C2[WiFi优先] C --> C3[断点续传] D --> D1[延迟上传] D --> D2[压缩数据] D --> D3[批量上传] E --> E1[后台任务] E --> E2[推送唤醒] E --> E3[音频播放] style A fill:#4ECDC4 style B fill:#FF6B6B style C fill:#FFA07A style D fill:#95E1D3 style E fill:#F38181

1. 后台刷新优化

import UIKit

class BackgroundTaskManager {
    
    static let shared = BackgroundTaskManager()
    
    private var backgroundTask: UIBackgroundTaskIdentifier = .invalid
    
    private init() {}
    
    // 注册后台刷新
    func registerBackgroundRefresh() {
        UIApplication.shared.setMinimumBackgroundFetchInterval(
            UIApplication.backgroundFetchIntervalMinimum
        )
    }
    
    // 执行后台刷新
    func performBackgroundFetch(completion: @escaping (UIBackgroundFetchResult) -> Void) {
        
        print("🔄 开始后台刷新")
        
        // 检查电量
        let batteryLevel = UIDevice.current.batteryLevel
        if batteryLevel < 0.2 && batteryLevel > 0 {
            print(&#34;⚡️ 低电量，跳过后台刷新&#34;)
            completion(.noData)
            return
        }
        
        // 执行刷新任务
        fetchNewData { hasNewData in
            if hasNewData {
                completion(.newData)
            } else {
                completion(.noData)
            }
        }
    }
    
    private func fetchNewData(completion: @escaping (Bool) -> Void) {
        // 实现数据获取逻辑
        DispatchQueue.global().asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + 2) {
            completion(true)
        }
    }
    
    // 开始后台任务
    func beginBackgroundTask() {
        backgroundTask = UIApplication.shared.beginBackgroundTask { [weak self] in
            self?.endBackgroundTask()
        }
    }
    
    // 结束后台任务
    func endBackgroundTask() {
        if backgroundTask != .invalid {
            UIApplication.shared.endBackgroundTask(backgroundTask)
            backgroundTask = .invalid
        }
    }
}

// AppDelegate 中使用
extension AppDelegate {
    
    func application(_ application: UIApplication, 
                    performFetchWithCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UIBackgroundFetchResult) -> Void) {
        
        BackgroundTaskManager.shared.performBackgroundFetch(completion: completionHandler)
    }
    
    func applicationDidEnterBackground(_ application: UIApplication) {
        // 开始后台任务
        BackgroundTaskManager.shared.beginBackgroundTask()
        
        // 执行必要的清理工作
        performCleanup {
            BackgroundTaskManager.shared.endBackgroundTask()
        }
    }
    
    private func performCleanup(completion: @escaping () -> Void) {
        // 保存数据、清理缓存等
        DispatchQueue.global().async {
            // 清理工作
            Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 2)
            
            DispatchQueue.main.async {
                completion()
            }
        }
    }
}

2. 后台 URLSession

class BackgroundSessionManager: NSObject {
    
    static let shared = BackgroundSessionManager()
    
    private lazy var session: URLSession = {
        let config = URLSessionConfiguration.background(withIdentifier: "com.app.background")
        
        // 配置后台会话
        config.isDiscretionary = true  // 允许系统优化
        config.sessionSendsLaunchEvents = true
        config.shouldUseExtendedBackgroundIdleMode = true
        
        return URLSession(configuration: config, delegate: self, delegateQueue: nil)
    }()
    
    private var completionHandlers: [String: () -> Void] = [:]
    
    private override init() {
        super.init()
    }
    
    // 后台下载
    func downloadFile(from url: URL, completion: @escaping () -> Void) {
        let task = session.downloadTask(with: url)
        
        // 设置最早开始时间（延迟执行）
        task.earliestBeginDate = Date().addingTimeInterval(60)
        
        completionHandlers[task.taskIdentifier.description] = completion
        
        task.resume()
        
        print("📥 后台下载任务已创建")
    }
    
    // 处理后台事件
    func handleEventsForBackgroundURLSession(identifier: String, 
                                            completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void) {
        completionHandlers[identifier] = completionHandler
    }
}

extension BackgroundSessionManager: URLSessionDownloadDelegate {
    
    func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, 
                   downloadTask: URLSessionDownloadTask, 
                   didFinishDownloadingTo location: URL) {
        
        print("✅ 下载完成: \(location)")
        
        // 处理下载的文件
        // ...
    }
    
    func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, 
                   task: URLSessionTask, 
                   didCompleteWithError error: Error?) {
        
        if let error = error {
            print("❌ 任务失败: \(error)")
        }
        
        // 调用完成回调
        if let handler = completionHandlers[task.taskIdentifier.description] {
            handler()
            completionHandlers.removeValue(forKey: task.taskIdentifier.description)
        }
    }
    
    func urlSessionDidFinishEvents(forBackgroundURLSession session: URLSession) {
        print("✅ 后台会话完成")
        
        DispatchQueue.main.async {
            if let handler = self.completionHandlers[session.configuration.identifier!] {
                handler()
                self.completionHandlers.removeValue(forKey: session.configuration.identifier!)
            }
        }
    }
}

---

渲染优化

1. 动画优化

class AnimationOptimizer {
    
    // 使用 CADisplayLink 优化动画
    static func optimizeAnimation(duration: TimeInterval, 
                                  animations: @escaping (CGFloat) -> Void,
                                  completion: (() -> Void)? = nil) {
        
        let displayLink = CADisplayLink(target: self, selector: #selector(updateAnimation))
        
        var startTime: CFTimeInterval?
        var progress: CGFloat = 0
        
        displayLink.add(to: .main, forMode: .common)
        
        // 降低帧率以节省电量
        if #available(iOS 15.0, *) {
            displayLink.preferredFrameRateRange = CAFrameRateRange(
                minimum: 30,
                maximum: 60,
                preferred: 60
            )
        } else {
            displayLink.preferredFramesPerSecond = 30
        }
    }
    
    @objc private static func updateAnimation(displayLink: CADisplayLink) {
        // 更新动画
    }
    
    // 暂停不可见视图的动画
    static func pauseAnimationsForInvisibleViews(in view: UIView) {
        if view.window == nil {
            view.layer.speed = 0
        }
    }
    
    // 恢复动画
    static func resumeAnimations(in view: UIView) {
        view.layer.speed = 1
    }
}

2. 屏幕刷新率优化

class DisplayOptimizer {
    
    static let shared = DisplayOptimizer()
    
    private init() {}
    
    // 根据场景调整刷新率
    func adjustFrameRate(for scenario: Scenario) {
        if #available(iOS 15.0, *) {
            let range: CAFrameRateRange
            
            switch scenario {
            case .video:
                // 视频播放：固定60fps
                range = CAFrameRateRange(minimum: 60, maximum: 60, preferred: 60)
                
            case .scrolling:
                // 滚动：30-120fps
                range = CAFrameRateRange(minimum: 30, maximum: 120, preferred: 120)
                
            case .static:
                // 静态内容：降低刷新率
                range = CAFrameRateRange(minimum: 10, maximum: 30, preferred: 30)
                
            case .lowPower:
                // 低电量模式：最低刷新率
                range = CAFrameRateRange(minimum: 10, maximum: 30, preferred: 10)
            }
            
            // 应用到 CADisplayLink 或动画
            print("🖥️ 调整刷新率: \(range)")
        }
    }
    
    enum Scenario {
        case video
        case scrolling
        case static
        case lowPower
    }
}

---

传感器优化

1. 传感器管理

import CoreMotion

class SensorManager {
    
    static let shared = SensorManager()
    
    private let motionManager = CMMotionManager()
    private var isMonitoring = false
    
    private init() {}
    
    // 开始监控传感器
    func startMonitoring() {
        guard !isMonitoring else { return }
        
        // 检查电量
        let batteryLevel = UIDevice.current.batteryLevel
        
        // 根据电量调整采样频率
        if batteryLevel < 0.2 && batteryLevel > 0 {
            motionManager.accelerometerUpdateInterval = 1.0  // 低频
        } else {
            motionManager.accelerometerUpdateInterval = 0.1  // 正常频率
        }
        
        // 开始更新
        motionManager.startAccelerometerUpdates(to: .main) { data, error in
            guard let data = data else { return }
            self.handleAccelerometerData(data)
        }
        
        isMonitoring = true
        print(&#34;📱 传感器监控已启动&#34;)
    }
    
    // 停止监控
    func stopMonitoring() {
        motionManager.stopAccelerometerUpdates()
        motionManager.stopGyroUpdates()
        motionManager.stopMagnetometerUpdates()
        
        isMonitoring = false
        print(&#34;📱 传感器监控已停止&#34;)
    }
    
    private func handleAccelerometerData(_ data: CMAccelerometerData) {
        // 处理加速度计数据
    }
    
    // 使用 CMMotionActivityManager（更省电）
    func startActivityMonitoring() {
        let activityManager = CMMotionActivityManager()
        
        activityManager.startActivityUpdates(to: .main) { activity in
            guard let activity = activity else { return }
            
            if activity.walking {
                print(&#34;🚶 用户正在走路&#34;)
            } else if activity.running {
                print(&#34;🏃 用户正在跑步&#34;)
            } else if activity.stationary {
                print(&#34;🧍 用户静止&#34;)
            }
        }
    }
}

---

完整监控方案

综合监控面板

class PowerMonitoringDashboard: UIViewController {
    
    private let batteryMonitor = BatteryMonitor.shared
    private let cpuMonitor = CPUMonitor.shared
    private let networkMonitor = NetworkMonitor.shared
    
    private var dashboardView: UIView!
    private var metricsLabels: [UILabel] = []
    
    private var updateTimer: Timer?
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        setupUI()
        startMonitoring()
    }
    
    private func setupUI() {
        view.backgroundColor = .systemBackground
        
        // 创建仪表板视图
        dashboardView = UIView()
        dashboardView.backgroundColor = UIColor.systemGray6
        dashboardView.layer.cornerRadius = 12
        dashboardView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        view.addSubview(dashboardView)
        
        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
            dashboardView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.safeAreaLayoutGuide.topAnchor, constant: 20),
            dashboardView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor, constant: 20),
            dashboardView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor, constant: -20),
            dashboardView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 300)
        ])
        
        // 创建指标标签
        let metrics = ["电量", "CPU", "网络", "定位", "后台任务"]
        
        var previousLabel: UILabel?
        
        for metric in metrics {
            let label = UILabel()
            label.text = "\(metric): --"
            label.font = .monospacedSystemFont(ofSize: 14, weight: .regular)
            label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
            dashboardView.addSubview(label)
            
            NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
                label.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: dashboardView.leadingAnchor, constant: 20),
                label.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: dashboardView.trailingAnchor, constant: -20)
            ])
            
            if let previous = previousLabel {
                label.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: previous.bottomAnchor, constant: 15).isActive = true
            } else {
                label.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: dashboardView.topAnchor, constant: 20).isActive = true
            }
            
            metricsLabels.append(label)
            previousLabel = label
        }
    }
    
    private func startMonitoring() {
        // 启动各项监控
        batteryMonitor.startMonitoring()
        cpuMonitor.startMonitoring(interval: 1.0)
        networkMonitor.startMonitoring(interval: 1.0)
        
        // 定时更新UI
        updateTimer = Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: 1.0, repeats: true) { [weak self] _ in
            self?.updateMetrics()
        }
    }
    
    private func updateMetrics() {
        // 更新电量
        let batteryLevel = batteryMonitor.getCurrentBatteryLevel()
        let batteryReport = batteryMonitor.getBatteryReport()
        
        var batteryText = "电量: \(Int(batteryLevel * 100))%"
        if let drainRate = batteryReport.drainRate {
            batteryText += " (\(String(format: "%.1f", drainRate))%/h)"
        }
        metricsLabels[0].text = batteryText
        
        // 更新CPU
        let cpuUsage = cpuMonitor.getCurrentCPUUsage()
        metricsLabels[1].text = "CPU: \(String(format: "%.1f", cpuUsage))%"
        
        // 更新网络
        if let networkStats = networkMonitor.getNetworkStats() {
            let networkText = "网络: ↑\(String(format: "%.1f", networkStats.uploadSpeed)) ↓\(String(format: "%.1f", networkStats.downloadSpeed)) KB/s"
            metricsLabels[2].text = networkText
        }
        
        // 更新定位
       ```swift
        // 更新定位
        metricsLabels[3].text = "定位: \(OptimizedLocationManager.shared.isMonitoring ? "运行中" : "已停止")"
        
        // 更新后台任务
        let backgroundTaskStatus = BackgroundTaskManager.shared.backgroundTask != .invalid
        metricsLabels[4].text = "后台任务: \(backgroundTaskStatus ? "运行中" : "空闲")"
        
        // 根据电量状态更新颜色
        updateMetricsColor(batteryLevel: batteryLevel)
    }
    
    private func updateMetricsColor(batteryLevel: Float) {
        let color: UIColor
        
        if batteryLevel < 0.2 {
            color = .systemRed
        } else if batteryLevel < 0.5 {
            color = .systemOrange
        } else {
            color = .systemGreen
        }
        
        metricsLabels[0].textColor = color
    }
    
    override func viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool) {
        super.viewWillDisappear(animated)
        
        // 停止监控
        updateTimer?.invalidate()
        updateTimer = nil
    }
    
    deinit {
        batteryMonitor.stopMonitoring()
        cpuMonitor.stopMonitoring()
        networkMonitor.stopMonitoring()
    }
}

电量优化建议系统

class PowerOptimizationAdvisor {
    
    static let shared = PowerOptimizationAdvisor()
    
    struct OptimizationSuggestion {
        let title: String
        let description: String
        let priority: Priority
        let action: (() -> Void)?
        
        enum Priority {
            case high
            case medium
            case low
        }
    }
    
    private init() {}
    
    // 分析并生成优化建议
    func analyzePowerUsage() -> [OptimizationSuggestion] {
        var suggestions: [OptimizationSuggestion] = []
        
        // 1. 检查 CPU 使用率
        let cpuUsage = CPUMonitor.shared.getCurrentCPUUsage()
        if cpuUsage > 50 {
            suggestions.append(OptimizationSuggestion(
                title: "CPU 使用率过高",
                description: "当前 CPU 使用率 \(String(format: "%.1f", cpuUsage))%，建议优化计算密集型任务",
                priority: .high,
                action: {
                    // 提供优化建议或自动优化
                    print("建议：将计算任务移到后台线程")
                }
            ))
        }
        
        // 2. 检查网络使用
        if let networkStats = NetworkMonitor.shared.getNetworkStats() {
            if networkStats.uploadSpeed > 100 || networkStats.downloadSpeed > 100 {
                suggestions.append(OptimizationSuggestion(
                    title: "网络流量较大",
                    description: "当前网络流量较大，建议在 WiFi 环境下使用",
                    priority: .medium,
                    action: nil
                ))
            }
        }
        
        // 3. 检查定位服务
        if OptimizedLocationManager.shared.isMonitoring {
            let batteryLevel = UIDevice.current.batteryLevel
            if batteryLevel < 0.3 {
                suggestions.append(OptimizationSuggestion(
                    title: &#34;定位服务消耗电量&#34;,
                    description: &#34;当前电量较低，建议降低定位精度或暂停定位&#34;,
                    priority: .high,
                    action: {
                        // 自动降低定位精度
                        OptimizedLocationManager.shared.stopUpdatingLocation()
                        print(&#34;已自动停止定位服务&#34;)
                    }
                ))
            }
        }
        
        // 4. 检查后台刷新
        let backgroundRefreshStatus = UIApplication.shared.backgroundRefreshStatus
        if backgroundRefreshStatus == .available {
            suggestions.append(OptimizationSuggestion(
                title: &#34;后台刷新已启用&#34;,
                description: &#34;后台刷新会消耗额外电量，可在设置中关闭&#34;,
                priority: .low,
                action: nil
            ))
        }
        
        // 5. 检查屏幕亮度
        let brightness = UIScreen.main.brightness
        if brightness > 0.8 {
            suggestions.append(OptimizationSuggestion(
                title: &#34;屏幕亮度较高&#34;,
                description: &#34;当前屏幕亮度 \(Int(brightness * 100))%，建议降低亮度以节省电量&#34;,
                priority: .medium,
                action: {
                    UIScreen.main.brightness = 0.5
                    print(&#34;已自动调整屏幕亮度&#34;)
                }
            ))
        }
        
        return suggestions
    }
    
    // 自动优化
    func autoOptimize() {
        let suggestions = analyzePowerUsage()
        
        // 执行高优先级的优化建议
        let highPrioritySuggestions = suggestions.filter { $0.priority == .high }
        
        for suggestion in highPrioritySuggestions {
            print(&#34;🔧 执行优化: \(suggestion.title)&#34;)
            suggestion.action?()
        }
    }
    
    // 生成优化报告
    func generateOptimizationReport() -> String {
        let suggestions = analyzePowerUsage()
        
        var report = &#34;&#34;&#34;
        
        ========== 电量优化报告 ==========
        生成时间: \(Date())
        
        &#34;&#34;&#34;
        
        if suggestions.isEmpty {
            report += &#34;✅ 当前电量使用良好，无需优化\n&#34;
        } else {
            report += &#34;发现 \(suggestions.count) 项优化建议：\n\n&#34;
            
            for (index, suggestion) in suggestions.enumerated() {
                let priorityEmoji: String
                switch suggestion.priority {
                case .high: priorityEmoji = &#34;🔴&#34;
                case .medium: priorityEmoji = &#34;🟡&#34;
                case .low: priorityEmoji = &#34;🟢&#34;
                }
                
                report += &#34;\(index + 1). \(priorityEmoji) \(suggestion.title)\n&#34;
                report += &#34;   \(suggestion.description)\n\n&#34;
            }
        }
        
        report += &#34;================================\n&#34;
        
        return report
    }
}

电量优化设置页面

class PowerSettingsViewController: UITableViewController {
    
    private let settings = [
        SettingSection(
            title: "定位服务",
            items: [
                SettingItem(title: "定位精度", value: "平衡", action: #selector(adjustLocationAccuracy)),
                SettingItem(title: "后台定位", value: "关闭", action: #selector(toggleBackgroundLocation))
            ]
        ),
        SettingSection(
            title: "网络",
            items: [
                SettingItem(title: "仅 WiFi 下载", value: "开启", action: #selector(toggleWiFiOnly)),
                SettingItem(title: "后台刷新", value: "关闭", action: #selector(toggleBackgroundRefresh))
            ]
        ),
        SettingSection(
            title: "性能",
            items: [
                SettingItem(title: "降低动画效果", value: "关闭", action: #selector(toggleReduceMotion)),
                SettingItem(title: "自动优化", value: "开启", action: #selector(toggleAutoOptimization))
            ]
        )
    ]
    
    struct SettingSection {
        let title: String
        let items: [SettingItem]
    }
    
    struct SettingItem {
        let title: String
        var value: String
        let action: Selector
    }
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        title = "电量优化设置"
        tableView.register(UITableViewCell.self, forCellReuseIdentifier: "Cell")
    }
    
    // MARK: - Table View Data Source
    
    override func numberOfSections(in tableView: UITableView) -> Int {
        return settings.count
    }
    
    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return settings[section].items.count
    }
    
    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, titleForHeaderInSection section: Int) -> String? {
        return settings[section].title
    }
    
    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "Cell", for: indexPath)
        
        let item = settings[indexPath.section].items[indexPath.row]
        
        cell.textLabel?.text = item.title
        cell.detailTextLabel?.text = item.value
        cell.accessoryType = .disclosureIndicator
        
        return cell
    }
    
    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, didSelectRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
        tableView.deselectRow(at: indexPath, animated: true)
        
        let item = settings[indexPath.section].items[indexPath.row]
        perform(item.action)
    }
    
    // MARK: - Actions
    
    @objc private func adjustLocationAccuracy() {
        let alert = UIAlertController(
            title: "定位精度",
            message: "选择定位精度级别",
            preferredStyle: .actionSheet
        )
        
        alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "高精度（耗电）", style: .default) { _ in
            self.setLocationAccuracy(.best)
        })
        
        alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "平衡", style: .default) { _ in
            self.setLocationAccuracy(.hundredMeters)
        })
        
        alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "省电", style: .default) { _ in
            self.setLocationAccuracy(.kilometer)
        })
        
        alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "取消", style: .cancel))
        
        present(alert, animated: true)
    }
    
    private func setLocationAccuracy(_ accuracy: CLLocationAccuracy) {
        let locationManager = OptimizedLocationManager.shared
        // 设置定位精度
        print("设置定位精度: \(accuracy)")
    }
    
    @objc private func toggleBackgroundLocation() {
        // 切换后台定位
        print("切换后台定位")
    }
    
    @objc private func toggleWiFiOnly() {
        // 切换仅 WiFi 下载
        let current = UserDefaults.standard.bool(forKey: "WiFiOnly")
        UserDefaults.standard.set(!current, forKey: "WiFiOnly")
        print("仅 WiFi 下载: \(!current)")
    }
    
    @objc private func toggleBackgroundRefresh() {
        // 切换后台刷新
        print("切换后台刷新")
    }
    
    @objc private func toggleReduceMotion() {
        // 切换降低动画效果
        print("切换降低动画效果")
    }
    
    @objc private func toggleAutoOptimization() {
        // 切换自动优化
        let current = UserDefaults.standard.bool(forKey: "AutoOptimization")
        UserDefaults.standard.set(!current, forKey: "AutoOptimization")
        
        if !current {
            PowerOptimizationAdvisor.shared.autoOptimize()
        }
        
        print("自动优化: \(!current)")
    }
}

---

最佳实践

优化检查清单

## iOS 电量优化检查清单

### ✅ CPU 优化
- [ ] 避免主线程阻塞
- [ ] 使用后台线程处理耗时任务
- [ ] 优化算法和数据结构
- [ ] 减少定时器使用
- [ ] 使用 Instruments 分析 CPU 热点
- [ ] 实现计算结果缓存
- [ ] 降低动画帧率

### ✅ 网络优化
- [ ] 减少网络请求频率
- [ ] 实现请求合并和批处理
- [ ] 使用数据压缩
- [ ] 实现智能缓存策略
- [ ] WiFi 优先策略
- [ ] 后台任务延迟执行
- [ ] 使用 HTTP/2 或 HTTP/3

### ✅ 定位优化
- [ ] 使用合适的定位精度
- [ ] 设置距离过滤器
- [ ] 使用重要位置变化监控
- [ ] 实现定位超时机制
- [ ] 根据电量调整定位策略
- [ ] 不需要时及时停止定位
- [ ] 使用地理围栏替代持续定位

### ✅ 后台任务优化
- [ ] 降低后台刷新频率
- [ ] 使用后台 URLSession
- [ ] 实现任务延迟执行
- [ ] 及时结束后台任务
- [ ] 批量处理后台任务
- [ ] 监控后台任务时长

### ✅ 渲染优化
- [ ] 减少视图层级
- [ ] 使用异步绘制
- [ ] 优化图片加载
- [ ] 降低动画复杂度
- [ ] 使用 CADisplayLink 优化动画
- [ ] 暂停不可见视图的动画
- [ ] 根据场景调整刷新率

### ✅ 传感器优化
- [ ] 降低传感器采样频率
- [ ] 不使用时及时停止
- [ ] 使用 CMMotionActivityManager
- [ ] 批量处理传感器数据
- [ ] 根据电量调整采样策略

### ✅ 监控与分析
- [ ] 实现电量监控系统
- [ ] 收集电量消耗数据
- [ ] 定期分析电量报告
- [ ] 设置电量告警
- [ ] 提供优化建议
- [ ] 实现自动优化

电量优化效果对比

优化项	优化前	优化后	节省电量
CPU 使用	持续 50%	平均 20%	40%
网络请求	每秒 5 次	每 10 秒 1 次	60%
定位服务	GPS 持续定位	重要位置变化	80%
后台刷新	每 15 分钟	每小时	75%
动画渲染	60fps 持续	按需 30fps	50%
总体电量	15%/小时	6%/小时	60%

常见问题解决

Q1: 如何检测应用的电量消耗？

A: 使用多种方法：

class BatteryDiagnostics {
    
    // 1. 使用 Xcode Energy Log
    static func enableEnergyLogging() {
        // 在 Xcode 中：Product → Profile → Energy Log
        print("使用 Xcode Energy Log 分析电量消耗")
    }
    
    // 2. 使用 Instruments
    static func useInstruments() {
        // 使用 Energy Log 和 Time Profiler
        print("使用 Instruments 分析")
    }
    
    // 3. 监控电量变化
    static func monitorBatteryDrain() {
        let monitor = BatteryMonitor.shared
        monitor.startMonitoring()
        
        // 记录一段时间的电量变化
        DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + 3600) {
            if let drainRate = monitor.calculateBatteryDrainRate() {
                print("电量消耗速率: \(drainRate)%/小时")
            }
        }
    }
    
    // 4. 使用 MetricKit（iOS 13+）
    static func useMetricKit() {
        // 收集电量诊断数据
        print("使用 MetricKit 收集电量数据")
    }
}

Q2: 低电量模式如何适配？

A: 实现低电量模式检测和适配：

class LowPowerModeManager {
    
    static let shared = LowPowerModeManager()
    
    private init() {
        // 监听低电量模式变化
        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(
            self,
            selector: #selector(powerStateDidChange),
            name: Notification.Name.NSProcessInfoPowerStateDidChange,
            object: nil
        )
    }
    
    // 检查是否处于低电量模式
    func isLowPowerModeEnabled() -> Bool {
        return ProcessInfo.processInfo.isLowPowerModeEnabled
    }
    
    @objc private func powerStateDidChange() {
        let isLowPower = isLowPowerModeEnabled()
        print("⚡️ 低电量模式: \(isLowPower ? "开启" : "关闭")")
        
        if isLowPower {
            enablePowerSavingMode()
        } else {
            disablePowerSavingMode()
        }
    }
    
    // 启用省电模式
    private func enablePowerSavingMode() {
        print("🔋 启用省电模式")
        
        // 1. 降低定位精度
        OptimizedLocationManager.shared.stopUpdatingLocation()
        
        // 2. 减少网络请求
        NetworkOptimizer.shared.batchInterval = 2.0
        
        // 3. 降低动画帧率
        DisplayOptimizer.shared.adjustFrameRate(for: .lowPower)
        
        // 4. 停止传感器监控
        SensorManager.shared.stopMonitoring()
        
        // 5. 暂停后台任务
        BackgroundTaskManager.shared.endBackgroundTask()
        
        // 6. 降低屏幕亮度
        UIScreen.main.brightness = max(UIScreen.main.brightness - 0.2, 0.3)
    }
    
    // 禁用省电模式
    private func disablePowerSavingMode() {
        print("🔋 禁用省电模式")
        
        // 恢复正常设置
        NetworkOptimizer.shared.batchInterval = 0.5
        DisplayOptimizer.shared.adjustFrameRate(for: .scrolling)
    }
}

Q3: 如何优化推送通知的电量消耗？

A: 优化推送策略：

class PushNotificationOptimizer {
    
    static let shared = PushNotificationOptimizer()
    
    private init() {}
    
    // 智能推送策略
    func shouldSendPushNotification(priority: Priority) -> Bool {
        
        // 1. 检查电量
        let batteryLevel = UIDevice.current.batteryLevel
        if batteryLevel < 0.1 && priority != .critical {
            print(&#34;⚡️ 电量过低，跳过非关键推送&#34;)
            return false
        }
        
        // 2. 检查低电量模式
        if ProcessInfo.processInfo.isLowPowerModeEnabled && priority == .low {
            print(&#34;⚡️ 低电量模式，跳过低优先级推送&#34;)
            return false
        }
        
        // 3. 检查时间段（夜间减少推送）
        let hour = Calendar.current.component(.hour, from: Date())
        if (22...6).contains(hour) && priority != .critical {
            print(&#34;🌙 夜间时段，跳过非关键推送&#34;)
            return false
        }
        
        return true
    }
    
    enum Priority {
        case critical  // 关键通知
        case high      // 高优先级
        case normal    // 普通
        case low       // 低优先级
    }
    
    // 批量推送
    func batchPushNotifications(notifications: [UNNotificationRequest]) {
        // 合并相似的通知
        let grouped = Dictionary(grouping: notifications) { $0.content.categoryIdentifier }
        
        for (category, requests) in grouped {
            if requests.count > 1 {
                // 创建合并通知
                let content = UNMutableNotificationContent()
                content.title = category
                content.body = &#34;您有 \(requests.count) 条新消息&#34;
                
                let request = UNNotificationRequest(
                    identifier: UUID().uuidString,
                    content: content,
                    trigger: nil
                )
                
                UNUserNotificationCenter.current().add(request)
                
                print(&#34;📦 合并了 \(requests.count) 条通知&#34;)
            } else {
                // 单独发送
                requests.forEach { UNUserNotificationCenter.current().add($0) }
            }
        }
    }
}

Q4: 如何监控第三方 SDK 的电量消耗？

A: 实现 SDK 监控：

class SDKPowerMonitor {
    
    static let shared = SDKPowerMonitor()
    
    private var sdkMetrics: [String: SDKMetric] = [:]
    
    struct SDKMetric {
        var cpuUsage: Double = 0
        var networkBytes: Int64 = 0
        var locationUpdates: Int = 0
        var startTime: Date
    }
    
    private init() {}
    
    // 开始监控 SDK
    func startMonitoring(sdkName: String) {
        sdkMetrics[sdkName] = SDKMetric(startTime: Date())
        print("📊 开始监控 SDK: \(sdkName)")
    }
    
    // 停止监控并生成报告
    func stopMonitoring(sdkName: String) -> String? {
        guard let metric = sdkMetrics[sdkName] else {
            return nil
        }
        
        let duration = Date().timeIntervalSince(metric.startTime)
        
        let report = """
        
        ========== SDK 电量报告 ==========
        SDK 名称: \(sdkName)
        运行时长: \(String(format: "%.1f", duration)) 秒
        CPU 使用: \(String(format: "%.1f", metric.cpuUsage))%
        网络流量: \(metric.networkBytes / 1024) KB
        定位次数: \(metric.locationUpdates)
        ================================
        
        """
        
        sdkMetrics.removeValue(forKey: sdkName)
        
        return report
    }
    
    // 记录 SDK 活动
    func recordActivity(sdkName: String, type: ActivityType) {
        guard var metric = sdkMetrics[sdkName] else { return }
        
        switch type {
        case .cpuUsage(let usage):
            metric.cpuUsage = usage
        case .networkBytes(let bytes):
            metric.networkBytes += bytes
        case .locationUpdate:
            metric.locationUpdates += 1
        }
        
        sdkMetrics[sdkName] = metric
    }
    
    enum ActivityType {
        case cpuUsage(Double)
        case networkBytes(Int64)
        case locationUpdate
    }
}

---

性能优化工具

1. Xcode Instruments

class InstrumentsHelper {
    
    // 使用 Energy Log
    static func analyzeWithEnergyLog() {
        print("使用 Xcode Energy Log 分析：")
    }
    
    // 使用 Time Profiler
    static func analyzeWithTimeProfiler() {
        print("使用 Time Profiler 分析 CPU：")
    }
    
    // 使用 Network
    static func analyzeWithNetwork() {
        print("使用 Network Instrument 分析：")
    }
}

2. 性能测试

class PowerPerformanceTest {
    
    // 电量消耗测试
    static func testBatteryDrain(duration: TimeInterval = 3600) {
        print("🧪 开始电量消耗测试（\(duration/60) 分钟）")
        
        let monitor = BatteryMonitor.shared
        monitor.startMonitoring()
        
        let startLevel = monitor.getCurrentBatteryLevel()
        let startTime = Date()
        
        DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + duration) {
            let endLevel = monitor.getCurrentBatteryLevel()
            let endTime = Date()
            
            let drain = (startLevel - endLevel) * 100
            let actualDuration = endTime.timeIntervalSince(startTime) / 3600
            let drainRate = drain / Float(actualDuration)
            
            print("""
            
            ========== 电量测试结果 ==========
            测试时长: \(String(format: "%.1f", actualDuration)) 小时
            电量消耗: \(String(format: "%.1f", drain))%
            消耗速率: \(String(format: "%.1f", drainRate))%/小时
            ================================
            
            """)
        }
    }
    
    // CPU 压力测试
    static func testCPULoad() {
        print("🧪 开始 CPU 压力测试")
        
        let monitor = CPUMonitor.shared
        monitor.startMonitoring(interval: 0.1)
        
        // 模拟 CPU 密集任务
        DispatchQueue.global(qos: .userInitiated).async {
            var result = 0.0
            for i in 0..