【HarmonyOS】React Native实战项目+自定义Hooks开发指南

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- [【HarmonyOS】React Native实战项目+自定义Hooks开发指南](#【HarmonyOS】React Native实战项目+自定义Hooks开发指南)
-
- 一、自定义Hook在OpenHarmony中的价值
-
- [1.1 Hook设计原则对比](#1.1 Hook设计原则对比)
- [1.2 OpenHarmony平台特性对Hook设计的影响](#1.2 OpenHarmony平台特性对Hook设计的影响)
- 二、Hook架构设计模式
-
- [2.1 基础Hook模板](#2.1 基础Hook模板)
- [2.2 常用Hook模式库](#2.2 常用Hook模式库)
- 三、OpenHarmony平台性能优化
-
- [3.1 Hook性能分析框架](#3.1 Hook性能分析框架)
- [3.2 内存优化策略](#3.2 内存优化策略)
- [3.3 渲染优化最佳实践](#3.3 渲染优化最佳实践)
- 四、完整应用示例
- 五、最佳实践总结
-
- [5.1 Hook设计检查清单](#5.1 Hook设计检查清单)
- [5.2 OpenHarmony特定建议](#5.2 OpenHarmony特定建议)
- 六、项目源码
欢迎加入开源鸿蒙跨平台社区: https://openharmonycrossplatform.csdn.net
一、自定义Hook在OpenHarmony中的价值
React Hooks自React 16.8引入以来,彻底改变了组件状态管理的方式。在OpenHarmony平台开发中,精心设计的自定义Hook不仅能提升代码复用性,更能通过针对性的平台优化策略显著改善应用性能。
1.1 Hook设计原则对比
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Hook设计原则演进 │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ 传统React Hook OpenHarmony优化Hook │
│ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ │
│ │关注点分离 │ │关注点分离 │ │
│ │单一职责 │ │单一职责 │ │
│ │可复用性 │ │可复用性 │ │
│ └──────┬──────┘ └──────┬──────┘ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ ┌────────────────┘ │
│ │ │ │
│ ▼ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ OpenHarmony专项优化 │ │
│ │ ┌─────────────────┐ │ │
│ │ │平台适配处理 │ │ │
│ │ │性能优化策略 │ │ │
│ │ │内存管理机制 │ │ │
│ │ │渲染优化技巧 │ │ │
│ │ └─────────────────┘ │ │
│ └─────────────────────────┘ │
│ │
│ 核心差异:OpenHarmony优化Hook需要额外关注 │
│ • ArkUI渲染引擎特性 │
│ • 鸿蒙原生API集成 │
│ • 跨设备通信支持 │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
1.2 OpenHarmony平台特性对Hook设计的影响
| 平台特性 | 对Hook设计的影响 | 推荐策略 |
|---|---|---|
| 异步渲染延迟 | 状态更新可能滞后 | 使用useRef存储中间值 |
| 文本嵌套限制 | 深度>8层性能下降 | 扁平化数据结构 |
| 内存回收激进 | 短生命周期对象频繁GC | 缓存复用,避免频繁创建 |
| 原生API异步 | 需要Promise封装 | createAsyncThunk模式 |
| 分布式数据 | 状态需跨设备同步 | 实现分布式状态Hook |
二、Hook架构设计模式
2.1 基础Hook模板
typescript
/**
* OpenHarmony优化Hook基础模板
* 提供统一的结构和最佳实践
*/
import { useState, useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useMemo } from 'react';
/**
* Hook配置接口
*/
interface HookConfig<T, P> {
/** 初始状态 */
initialState: T;
/** 处理函数 */
handler: (value: T, params: P) => T | Promise<T>;
/** 依赖项 */
deps?: any[];
/** 是否启用持久化 */
persist?: boolean;
/** 持久化键名 */
persistKey?: string;
}
/**
* 创建OpenHarmony优化Hook
* @param config Hook配置
* @returns [state, setState, additionalReturns]
*/
export function createOptimizedHook<T, P>(
config: HookConfig<T, P>
) {
const {
initialState,
handler,
deps = [],
persist = false,
persistKey,
} = config;
return function useOptimizedHook(params: P) {
// 1. 状态管理 - 使用useState
const [state, setState] = useState<T>(() => {
// 持久化恢复
if (persist && persistKey) {
const saved = loadFromHarmonyStorage<T>(persistKey);
return saved !== null ? saved : initialState;
}
return initialState;
});
// 2. 中间值存储 - 使用useRef避免重渲染
const stateRef = useRef(state);
stateRef.current = state;
// 3. 处理函数 - 使用 useCallback 优化
const optimizedHandler = useCallback(async () => {
const result = await handler(stateRef.current, params);
setState(result);
// 持久化保存
if (persist && persistKey) {
saveToHarmonyStorage(persistKey, result);
}
return result;
}, [handler, params, persist, persistKey]);
// 4. 清理函数
useEffect(() => {
return () => {
// 清理资源
};
}, []);
return [state, setState, optimizedHandler] as const;
};
}
/**
* OpenHarmony存储工具函数
*/
async function loadFromHarmonyStorage<T>(key: string): Promise<T | null> {
try {
// @ts-ignore
const preferences = await ohosData.getPreferences(getContext(), 'hooks_state');
const value = await preferences.get(key, null);
return value as T;
} catch {
return null;
}
}
async function saveToHarmonyStorage<T>(key: string, value: T): Promise<void> {
try {
// @ts-ignore
const preferences = await ohosData.getPreferences(getContext(), 'hooks_state');
await preferences.put(key, value);
await preferences.flush();
} catch (error) {
console.warn('[Hook] Failed to persist state:', error);
}
}
2.2 常用Hook模式库
typescript
/**
* OpenHarmony常用Hook模式库
*/
/**
* 1. 防抖Hook - 针对频繁输入场景
*/
export function useDebounce<T>(value: T, delay: number = 300): T {
const [debouncedValue, setDebouncedValue] = useState(value);
useEffect(() => {
const timer = setTimeout(() => {
setDebouncedValue(value);
}, delay);
return () => clearTimeout(timer);
}, [value, delay]);
return debouncedValue;
}
/**
* 2. 节流Hook - 针对高频事件场景
*/
export function useThrottle<T>(value: T, interval: number = 100): T {
const [throttledValue, setThrottledValue] = useState(value);
const lastExecutedRef = useRef(Date.now());
useEffect(() => {
const now = Date.now();
const timePassed = now - lastExecutedRef.current;
if (timePassed >= interval) {
setThrottledValue(value);
lastExecutedRef.current = now;
} else {
const timer = setTimeout(() => {
setThrottledValue(value);
lastExecutedRef.current = Date.now();
}, interval - timePassed);
return () => clearTimeout(timer);
}
}, [value, interval]);
return throttledValue;
}
/**
* 3. 尺寸监听Hook - OpenHarmony平台适配
*/
export function useDimensions() {
const [dimensions, setDimensions] = useState(() => ({
width: 0,
height: 0,
}));
const onLayout = useCallback((event: any) => {
const { width, height } = event.nativeEvent.layout;
setDimensions({ width, height });
}, []);
return [dimensions, onLayout] as const;
}
/**
* 4. 异步状态Hook - 统一处理loading/error
*/
interface AsyncState<T> {
data: T | null;
loading: boolean;
error: string | null;
}
export function useAsync<T>() {
const [state, setState] = useState<AsyncState<T>>({
data: null,
loading: false,
error: null,
});
const execute = useCallback(async (promise: Promise<T>) => {
setState({ data: null, loading: true, error: null });
try {
const data = await promise;
setState({ data, loading: false, error: null });
return data;
} catch (error) {
const errorMessage = error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error';
setState({ data: null, loading: false, error: errorMessage });
throw error;
}
}, []);
return [state, execute] as const;
}
/**
* 5. 持久化状态Hook - OpenHarmony存储集成
*/
export function usePersistentState<T>(
key: string,
initialValue: T
): [T, (value: T) => void] {
const [state, setState] = useState<T>(() => {
// 尝试从存储恢复
try {
const saved = localStorage.getItem(key);
return saved ? JSON.parse(saved) : initialValue;
} catch {
return initialValue;
}
});
const setPersistentState = useCallback((value: T) => {
setState(value);
try {
localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(value));
} catch (error) {
console.warn('[PersistentState] Failed to save:', error);
}
}, [key]);
return [state, setPersistentState];
}
/**
* 6. 生命周期Hook - 统一管理组件生命周期
*/
export function useLifecycle(
onMount?: () => void | (() => void),
onUpdate?: (prevDeps: any[]) => void,
onUnmount?: () => void,
deps: any[] = []
) {
const prevDepsRef = useRef<any[]>([]);
// Mount
useEffect(() => {
const cleanup = onMount?.();
return () => {
cleanup?.();
onUnmount?.();
};
// eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
}, []);
// Update
useEffect(() => {
if (prevDepsRef.current.length > 0) {
onUpdate?.(prevDepsRef.current);
}
prevDepsRef.current = deps;
// eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
}, deps);
}
/**
* 7. 间隔器Hook - 自动清理定时器
*/
export function useInterval(callback: () => void, delay: number | null) {
const savedCallback = useRef(callback);
useEffect(() => {
savedCallback.current = callback;
}, [callback]);
useEffect(() => {
if (delay === null) return;
const timer = setInterval(() => {
savedCallback.current();
}, delay);
return () => clearInterval(timer);
}, [delay]);
}
/**
* 8. 数组操作Hook - 常用列表处理
*/
export function useArray<T>(initialValue: T[] = []) {
const [array, setArray] = useState<T[]>(initialValue);
const push = useCallback((element: T) => {
setArray(prev => [...prev, element]);
}, []);
const filter = useCallback((callback: (item: T, index: number) => boolean) => {
setArray(prev => prev.filter(callback));
}, []);
const update = useCallback((index: number, newElement: T) => {
setArray(prev => [
...prev.slice(0, index),
newElement,
...prev.slice(index + 1),
]);
}, []);
const remove = useCallback((index: number) => {
setArray(prev => [
...prev.slice(0, index),
...prev.slice(index + 1),
]);
}, []);
const clear = useCallback(() => setArray([]), []);
return { array, set: setArray, push, filter, update, remove, clear };
}
/**
* 9. 布尔状态Hook - 简化开关状态管理
*/
export function useBoolean(initialValue: boolean = false) {
const [value, setValue] = useState(initialValue);
const setTrue = useCallback(() => setValue(true), []);
const setFalse = useCallback(() => setValue(false), []);
const toggle = useCallback(() => setValue(v => !v), []);
return {
value,
setValue,
setTrue,
setFalse,
toggle,
};
}
/**
* 10. 网络状态Hook - OpenHarmony网络监听
*/
export function useNetworkStatus() {
const [isOnline, setIsOnline] = useState(true);
useEffect(() => {
// OpenHarmony网络状态监听
// @ts-ignore
if (typeof ohosNet !== 'undefined') {
// @ts-ignore
const netManager = ohosNet.createNetConnection();
const subscribe = () => {
// @ts-ignore
netManager.register((netType) => {
setIsOnline(netType !== -1); // -1表示无网络
});
};
subscribe();
return () => {
// @ts-ignore
netManager.unregister();
};
}
// 降级方案:浏览器事件
const handleOnline = () => setIsOnline(true);
const handleOffline = () => setIsOnline(false);
window.addEventListener('online', handleOnline);
window.addEventListener('offline', handleOffline);
return () => {
window.removeEventListener('online', handleOnline);
window.removeEventListener('offline', handleOffline);
};
}, []);
return isOnline;
}
/**
* 11. 媒体查询Hook - 响应式布局支持
*/
export function useMediaQuery(query: string): boolean {
const [matches, setMatches] = useState(() => {
if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
return window.matchMedia(query).matches;
}
return false;
});
useEffect(() => {
if (typeof window === 'undefined') return;
const mediaQuery = window.matchMedia(query);
const handler = (e: MediaQueryListEvent) => setMatches(e.matches);
// 现代浏览器使用addEventListener
if (mediaQuery.addEventListener) {
mediaQuery.addEventListener('change', handler);
return () => mediaQuery.removeEventListener('change', handler);
}
// 降级方案
else {
mediaQuery.addListener(handler);
return () => mediaQuery.removeListener(handler);
}
}, [query]);
return matches;
}
/**
* 12. 前一次值Hook - 比较状态变化
*/
export function usePrevious<T>(value: T): T | undefined {
const ref = useRef<T>();
useEffect(() => {
ref.current = value;
}, [value]);
return ref.current;
}
三、OpenHarmony平台性能优化
3.1 Hook性能分析框架
typescript
/**
* Hook性能分析器 - OpenHarmony专用
*/
class HookPerformanceAnalyzer {
private metrics = new Map<string, PerformanceMetric>();
/**
* 记录Hook执行时间
*/
measure<T>(hookName: string, fn: () => T): T {
const startTime = performance.now();
const result = fn();
const endTime = performance.now();
this.recordMetric(hookName, endTime - startTime);
return result;
}
/**
* 记录性能指标
*/
private recordMetric(hookName: string, duration: number) {
if (!this.metrics.has(hookName)) {
this.metrics.set(hookName, {
totalTime: 0,
callCount: 0,
avgTime: 0,
maxTime: 0,
});
}
const metric = this.metrics.get(hookName)!;
metric.totalTime += duration;
metric.callCount += 1;
metric.avgTime = metric.totalTime / metric.callCount;
metric.maxTime = Math.max(metric.maxTime, duration);
// OpenHarmony性能警告阈值
if (duration > 16) { // 超过一帧(60fps)
console.warn(`[Performance] ${hookName} took ${duration.toFixed(2)}ms`);
}
}
/**
* 获取性能报告
*/
getReport(): PerformanceReport {
return {
hooks: Array.from(this.metrics.entries()).map(([name, metric]) => ({
name,
...metric,
})),
summary: this.getSummary(),
};
}
private getSummary() {
const entries = Array.from(this.metrics.values());
return {
totalCalls: entries.reduce((sum, m) => sum + m.callCount, 0),
totalTime: entries.reduce((sum, m) => sum + m.totalTime, 0),
slowestHook: Array.from(this.metrics.entries())
.sort(([, a], [, b]) => b.maxTime - a.maxTime)[0]?.[0],
};
}
}
interface PerformanceMetric {
totalTime: number;
callCount: number;
avgTime: number;
maxTime: number;
}
interface PerformanceReport {
hooks: Array<{ name: string } & PerformanceMetric>;
summary: {
totalCalls: number;
totalTime: number;
slowestHook: string | undefined;
};
}
3.2 内存优化策略
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ OpenHarmony Hook内存优化策略 │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ 优化方向 实现方式 预期收益 │
│ ───────── ──────────────── ────────── │
│ 对象复用 useMemo缓存 减少30%内存 │
│ 引用保存 useRef存储 减少50%GC │
│ 清理时机 useEffect cleanup 避免内存泄漏 │
│ 依赖优化 useCallback deps 减少40%重渲染 │
│ 惰性初始化 函数初始状态 减少20%启动时间 │
│ 结构共享 Immer不可变更新 节省60%内存 │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
3.3 渲染优化最佳实践
typescript
/**
* 渲染优化Hook集合
*/
/**
* 1. 深比较Memo - 针对复杂对象
*/
export function useDeepMemo<T>(value: T, deps: any[] = []): T {
const ref = useRef<{ value: T; deps: any[] }>({
value,
deps,
});
// 深比较依赖
const hasChanged = !deepEqual(ref.current.deps, deps);
if (hasChanged) {
ref.current = { value, deps };
}
return ref.current.value;
}
function deepEqual(a: any, b: any): boolean {
if (a === b) return true;
if (typeof a !== typeof b) return false;
if (typeof a !== 'object') return false;
const keysA = Object.keys(a);
const keysB = Object.keys(b);
if (keysA.length !== keysB.length) return false;
return keysA.every(key => deepEqual(a[key], b[key]));
}
/**
* 2. 虚拟列表Hook - 长列表性能优化
*/
export function useVirtualList<T>(
items: T[],
itemHeight: number,
containerHeight: number
) {
const [scrollTop, setScrollTop] = useState(0);
const visibleStart = Math.floor(scrollTop / itemHeight);
const visibleEnd = Math.min(
visibleStart + Math.ceil(containerHeight / itemHeight) + 1,
items.length
);
const visibleItems = useMemo(
() => items.slice(visibleStart, visibleEnd),
[items, visibleStart, visibleEnd]
);
const totalHeight = items.length * itemHeight;
const offsetY = visibleStart * itemHeight;
return {
visibleItems,
totalHeight,
offsetY,
onScroll: (e: any) => setScrollTop(e.nativeEvent.contentOffset.y),
};
}
/**
* 3. 批量更新Hook - 减少setState调用
*/
export function useBatchUpdate<T>(initialState: T) {
const [state, setState] = useState<T>(initialState);
const pendingUpdatesRef = useRef<Partial<T>>({});
const timeoutRef = useRef<NodeJS.Timeout>();
const batchSetState = useCallback((updates: Partial<T>) => {
// 合并更新
Object.assign(pendingUpdatesRef.current, updates);
// 清除之前的定时器
if (timeoutRef.current) {
clearTimeout(timeoutRef.current);
}
// 延迟批量应用
timeoutRef.current = setTimeout(() => {
setState(prev => ({ ...prev, ...pendingUpdatesRef.current }));
pendingUpdatesRef.current = {};
}, 0);
}, []);
useEffect(() => {
return () => {
if (timeoutRef.current) {
clearTimeout(timeoutRef.current);
}
};
}, []);
return [state, batchSetState] as const;
}
四、完整应用示例
typescript
/**
* HooksDemoScreen - 自定义Hooks综合演示
*/
import React, { useState } from 'react';
import {
View,
Text,
StyleSheet,
ScrollView,
TouchableOpacity,
TextInput,
} from 'react-native';
import {
useDebounce,
useBoolean,
useArray,
useMediaQuery,
useNetworkStatus,
} from '../hooks';
export function HooksDemoScreen({ onBack }: { onBack: () => void }) {
// useDebounce演示
const [inputValue, setInputValue] = useState('');
const debouncedValue = useDebounce(inputValue, 500);
// useBoolean演示
const { value: isToggled, toggle, setTrue, setFalse } = useBoolean(false);
// useArray演示
const {
array: items,
push,
remove,
clear
} = useArray(['Item 1', 'Item 2']);
// useMediaQuery演示
const isMobile = useMediaQuery('(max-width: 768px)');
// useNetworkStatus演示
const isOnline = useNetworkStatus();
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<View style={styles.header}>
<TouchableOpacity onPress={onBack}>
<Text style={styles.backBtn}>← 返回</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>
<Text style={styles.title}>自定义Hooks</Text>
</View>
<ScrollView style={styles.content}>
{/* 防抖Hook演示 */}
<View style={styles.card}>
<Text style={styles.cardTitle}>useDebounce</Text>
<View style={styles.demoSection}>
<TextInput
style={styles.input}
value={inputValue}
onChangeText={setInputValue}
placeholder="输入内容(500ms防抖)"
/>
<View style={styles.resultBox}>
<Text style={styles.resultLabel}>原始值:</Text>
<Text style={styles.resultValue}>{inputValue || '-'}</Text>
</View>
<View style={styles.resultBox}>
<Text style={styles.resultLabel}>防抖值:</Text>
<Text style={styles.resultValue}>
{debouncedValue || '-'}
</Text>
</View>
</View>
</View>
{/* 布尔Hook演示 */}
<View style={styles.card}>
<Text style={styles.cardTitle}>useBoolean</Text>
<View style={styles.demoSection}>
<View style={[
styles.toggleIndicator,
isToggled && styles.toggleIndicatorOn
]}>
<Text style={styles.toggleText}>
{isToggled ? 'ON' : 'OFF'}
</Text>
</View>
<View style={styles.buttonRow}>
<TouchableOpacity style={styles.button} onPress={toggle}>
<Text style={styles.buttonText}>Toggle</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>
<TouchableOpacity style={styles.button} onPress={setTrue}>
<Text style={styles.buttonText}>Set True</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>
<TouchableOpacity style={styles.button} onPress={setFalse}>
<Text style={styles.buttonText}>Set False</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>
</View>
</View>
</View>
{/* 数组Hook演示 */}
<View style={styles.card}>
<Text style={styles.cardTitle}>useArray</Text>
<View style={styles.demoSection}>
<View style={styles.list}>
{items.map((item, index) => (
<View key={index} style={styles.listItem}>
<Text style={styles.listItemText}>{item}</Text>
<TouchableOpacity
style={styles.removeBtn}
onPress={() => remove(index)}
>
<Text style={styles.removeBtnText}>×</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>
</View>
))}
</View>
<View style={styles.buttonRow}>
<TouchableOpacity
style={styles.button}
onPress={() => push(`Item ${items.length + 1}`)}
>
<Text style={styles.buttonText}>Add Item</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>
<TouchableOpacity style={styles.button} onPress={clear}>
<Text style={styles.buttonText}>Clear All</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>
</View>
</View>
</View>
{/* 媒体查询Hook演示 */}
<View style={styles.card}>
<Text style={styles.cardTitle}>useMediaQuery</Text>
<View style={styles.demoSection}>
<View style={[
styles.statusBox,
isMobile && styles.statusBoxMobile
]}>
<Text style={styles.statusText}>
{isMobile ? '📱 移动端' : '🖥️ 桌面端'}
</Text>
</View>
<Text style={styles.infoText}>
窗口宽度: {isMobile ? '<= 768px' : '> 768px'}
</Text>
</View>
</View>
{/* 网络状态Hook演示 */}
<View style={styles.card}>
<Text style={styles.cardTitle}>useNetworkStatus</Text>
<View style={styles.demoSection}>
<View style={[
styles.statusBox,
isOnline ? styles.statusBoxOnline : styles.statusBoxOffline
]}>
<Text style={styles.statusText}>
{isOnline ? '🟢 在线' : '🔴 离线'}
</Text>
</View>
</View>
</View>
</ScrollView>
</View>
);
}
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: { flex: 1, backgroundColor: '#f5f5f5' },
header: {
flexDirection: 'row',
alignItems: 'center',
padding: 16,
paddingTop: 48,
backgroundColor: '#9C27B0',
},
backBtn: { color: '#fff', fontSize: 16, fontWeight: '600' },
title: {
flex: 1,
color: '#fff',
fontSize: 18,
fontWeight: '700',
textAlign: 'center',
},
content: { flex: 1, padding: 16 },
card: {
backgroundColor: '#fff',
borderRadius: 12,
padding: 16,
marginBottom: 16,
shadowColor: '#000',
shadowOffset: { width: 0, height: 2 },
shadowOpacity: 0.1,
shadowRadius: 4,
elevation: 3,
},
cardTitle: {
fontSize: 18,
fontWeight: '700',
color: '#333',
marginBottom: 16,
},
demoSection: { gap: 12 },
input: {
height: 48,
backgroundColor: '#f8f8f8',
borderRadius: 8,
paddingHorizontal: 16,
fontSize: 14,
borderWidth: 1,
borderColor: '#e0e0e0',
},
resultBox: {
flexDirection: 'row',
justifyContent: 'space-between',
backgroundColor: '#f8f8f8',
borderRadius: 8,
padding: 12,
},
resultLabel: { fontSize: 13, color: '#888' },
resultValue: { fontSize: 14, fontWeight: '600', color: '#333' },
toggleIndicator: {
height: 60,
borderRadius: 8,
backgroundColor: '#f0f0f0',
alignItems: 'center',
justifyContent: 'center',
},
toggleIndicatorOn: { backgroundColor: '#9C27B0' },
toggleText: {
fontSize: 20,
fontWeight: '700',
color: '#333',
},
buttonRow: { flexDirection: 'row', gap: 10 },
button: {
flex: 1,
paddingVertical: 10,
backgroundColor: '#9C27B0',
borderRadius: 8,
alignItems: 'center',
},
buttonText: { fontSize: 14, fontWeight: '600', color: '#fff' },
list: { gap: 8, marginBottom: 12 },
listItem: {
flexDirection: 'row',
alignItems: 'center',
justifyContent: 'space-between',
backgroundColor: '#f8f8f8',
borderRadius: 8,
paddingHorizontal: 16,
paddingVertical: 12,
},
listItemText: { fontSize: 14, color: '#333' },
removeBtn: {
width: 24,
height: 24,
borderRadius: 12,
backgroundColor: '#e0e0e0',
alignItems: 'center',
justifyContent: 'center',
},
removeBtnText: { fontSize: 16, color: '#666', fontWeight: '700' },
statusBox: {
height: 60,
borderRadius: 8,
alignItems: 'center',
justifyContent: 'center',
},
statusBoxMobile: { backgroundColor: '#E3F2FD' },
statusBoxOnline: { backgroundColor: '#E8F5E9' },
statusBoxOffline: { backgroundColor: '#FFEBEE' },
statusText: {
fontSize: 16,
fontWeight: '700',
color: '#333',
},
infoText: {
fontSize: 13,
color: '#888',
textAlign: 'center',
},
});
五、最佳实践总结
5.1 Hook设计检查清单
| 检查项 | 说明 | 优先级 |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ 单一职责 | Hook只负责一个功能点 | 必须实现 |
| ✅ 参数验证 | 验证输入参数合法性 | 强烈推荐 |
| ✅ 错误处理 | 优雅处理异常情况 | 强烈推荐 |
| ✅ 内存清理 | useEffect返回清理函数 | 必须实现 |
| ✅ 性能优化 | 使用useMemo/useCallback | 推荐实现 |
| ✅ TypeScript类型 | 完整的类型定义 | 必须实现 |
| ✅ 文档注释 | JSDoc格式文档 | 推荐实现 |
5.2 OpenHarmony特定建议
- 避免深度嵌套:文本组件嵌套不超过8层
- 使用useRef:存储不触发渲染的中间值
- 防抖输入:所有用户输入都应考虑防抖
- 持久化策略:关键状态应持久化到鸿蒙存储
- 网络状态:使用useNetworkStatus监听网络变化
六、项目源码
完整项目Demo : AtomGitDemos
技术栈:
- React Native 0.72.5
- OpenHarmony 6.0.0 (API 20)
- TypeScript 4.8.4
社区支持 : 开源鸿蒙跨平台社区
📕个人领域 :Linux/C++/java/AI
🚀 个人主页 :有点流鼻涕 · CSDN
💬 座右铭 : "向光而行,沐光而生。"
