k8s部署nacos 3.1.1服务，java.net.UnknownHostException问题终极解决方案

今天在k8s上腾了nacos服务，费了不少周折，但最终成功了，分享一下。

首先是要安装存储类

用于nacos存储数据和日志。我是把ceph存储持载到本地使用，比较简单，但没有直接用csi-rbd灵活。主要是我司ceph比较老，不支持k8s。

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: local-path-storage

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: local-path-provisioner-service-account
  namespace: local-path-storage

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
  name: local-path-provisioner-role
  namespace: local-path-storage
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["pods"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "patch", "update", "delete"]

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: local-path-provisioner-role
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["nodes", "persistentvolumeclaims", "configmaps", "pods", "pods/log"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "patch", "update", "delete"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["events"]
    verbs: ["create", "patch"]
  - apiGroups: ["storage.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["storageclasses"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: local-path-provisioner-bind
  namespace: local-path-storage
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: local-path-provisioner-role
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: local-path-provisioner-service-account
    namespace: local-path-storage

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: local-path-provisioner-bind
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: local-path-provisioner-role
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: local-path-provisioner-service-account
    namespace: local-path-storage

---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: local-path-provisioner
  namespace: local-path-storage
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: local-path-provisioner
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: local-path-provisioner
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: local-path-provisioner-service-account
      containers:
        - name: local-path-provisioner
          image: rancher/local-path-provisioner:v0.0.35
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          command:
            - local-path-provisioner
            - --debug
            - start
            - --config
            - /etc/config/config.json
          volumeMounts:
            - name: config-volume
              mountPath: /etc/config/
          env:
            - name: POD_NAMESPACE
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.namespace
            - name: CONFIG_MOUNT_PATH
              value: /etc/config/
      volumes:
        - name: config-volume
          configMap:
            name: local-path-config

---
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: local-path
provisioner: rancher.io/local-path
volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer
reclaimPolicy: Delete

---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: local-path-config
  namespace: local-path-storage
data:
  config.json: |-
    {
            "nodePathMap":[
            {
                    "node":"DEFAULT_PATH_FOR_NON_LISTED_NODES",
                    "paths":["/data/kubernates"]
            }
            ]
    }
  setup: |-
    #!/bin/sh
    set -eu
    mkdir -m 0777 -p "$VOL_DIR"
  teardown: |-
    #!/bin/sh
    set -eu
    rm -rf "$VOL_DIR"
  helperPod.yaml: |-
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Pod
    metadata:
      name: helper-pod
    spec:
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
        - key: node.kubernetes.io/disk-pressure
          operator: Exists
          effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
      - name: helper-pod
        image: busybox
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

再创建configmap

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: nacos-cm
  namespace: nacos
data:
  # MySQL配置
  mysql.host: "10.16.10.102"
  mysql.db.name: "nacos3"
  mysql.port: "3306"
  mysql.user: "nacos3"
  mysql.password: "xxx"

  # Nacos核心配置
  NACOS_SERVERS: "nacos-0.nacos-headless.nacos.svc.cluster.local:8848 nacos-1.nacos-headless.nacos.svc.cluster.local:8848" #有几个节点就配置几个，多于3个就3个。
  NACOS_SERVER_PORT: "8848"
  PREFER_HOST_MODE: "hostname"        # 使用hostname模式，配合固定域名

  # JVM配置
  JVM_XMS: "2g"
  JVM_XMX: "2g"
  JVM_XMN: "1g"

  # 开启认证（生产环境建议）
  NACOS_AUTH_ENABLE: "true"
  NACOS_AUTH_TOKEN: "SecretKey012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789"
  NACOS_AUTH_IDENTITY_KEY: "serverIdentity"
  NACOS_AUTH_IDENTITY_VALUE: "security"

创建服务：

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nacos-headless
namespace: nacos
labels:
  app: nacos
spec:
clusterIP: None
ports:
  - name: http
    port: 8848
    targetPort: 8848
  - name: rpc
    port: 9848
    targetPort: 9848
  - name: raft
    port: 7848
    targetPort: 7848
selector:
  app: nacos
---
# 对外访问Service（可选）
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nacos-lb
namespace: nacos
labels:
  app: nacos
spec:
type: LoadBalancer  # 关键：使用 LoadBalancer 类型 [citation:3]
ports:
  - name: console
    port: 8080          # 对外暴露的控制台端口
    targetPort: 8080    # 注意：这里网上很多都说是指向 8848 容器端口！！！
    protocol: TCP
  - name: http
    port: 8848          # 对外暴露的 API 端口
    targetPort: 8848    # 容器内的 8848 端口
    protocol: TCP
  - name: grpc
    port: 9848          # 对外暴露的 gRPC 端口
    targetPort: 9848    # 容器内的 gRPC 端口
    protocol: TCP
selector:
  app: nacos

最核心的部分来了：

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: nacos
  namespace: nacos
spec:
  serviceName: nacos-headless
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nacos
  volumeClaimTemplates:
    - metadata:
        name: datadir
      spec:
        accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
        storageClassName: local-path
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 2Gi
    - metadata:
        name: logdir
      spec:
        accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
        storageClassName: local-path
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 5Gi
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nacos
    spec:
      affinity:
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            - weight: 100
              podAffinityTerm:
                topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname
                labelSelector:
                  matchLabels:
                    app: nacos
      # 添加 initContainer 修复权限
      initContainers:
        - name: volume-permissions
          image: busybox
          command: ['sh', '-c', 'chown -R 1000:1000 /home/nacos/data /home/nacos/logs']
          volumeMounts:
            - name: datadir
              mountPath: /home/nacos/data
            - name: logdir
              mountPath: /home/nacos/logs
      containers:
        - name: nacos
          image: nacos/nacos-server:v3.1.1
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8080
              name: http1
            - containerPort: 8848
              name: http2
            - containerPort: 9848
              name: grpc
            - containerPort: 7848
              name: raft
          env:
            - name: MODE
              value: "cluster"
            - name: NACOS_REPLICAS
              value: "2"
            - name: NACOS_SERVER_PORT
              value: "8848"
            - name: SPRING_DATASOURCE_PLATFORM
              value: "mysql"
            - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_PARAM
              value: "characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC"
            - name: NACOS_CONFIG_NAMESPACE_COMPATIBLE_MODE
              value: "false"
            - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST
              valueFrom:
                configMapKeyRef:
                  name: nacos-cm
                  key: mysql.host
            - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_NAME
              valueFrom:
                configMapKeyRef:
                  name: nacos-cm
                  key: mysql.db.name
            - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT
              valueFrom:
                configMapKeyRef:
                  name: nacos-cm
                  key: mysql.port
            - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_USER
              valueFrom:
                configMapKeyRef:
                  name: nacos-cm
                  key: mysql.user
            - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_PASSWORD
              valueFrom:
                configMapKeyRef:
                  name: nacos-cm
                  key: mysql.password
            - name: NACOS_SERVERS
              valueFrom:
                configMapKeyRef:
                  name: nacos-cm
                  key: NACOS_SERVERS
            - name: NACOS_AUTH_ENABLE
              valueFrom:
                configMapKeyRef:
                  name: nacos-cm
                  key: NACOS_AUTH_ENABLE
            - name: NACOS_AUTH_TOKEN
              valueFrom:
                configMapKeyRef:
                  name: nacos-cm
                  key: NACOS_AUTH_TOKEN
            - name: NACOS_AUTH_IDENTITY_KEY
              value: "nacos"
            - name: NACOS_AUTH_IDENTITY_VALUE
              value: "nacos"
            - name: JVM_XMS
              valueFrom:
                configMapKeyRef:
                  name: nacos-cm
                  key: JVM_XMS
            - name: JVM_XMX
              valueFrom:
                configMapKeyRef:
                  name: nacos-cm
                  key: JVM_XMX
#          livenessProbe:
#            httpGet:
#              path: /nacos/actuator/health
#              port: 8848
#            initialDelaySeconds: 60
#            periodSeconds: 30
#            failureThreshold: 3
#          readinessProbe:
#            httpGet:
#              path: /nacos/actuator/health
#              port: 8848
#            initialDelaySeconds: 30
#            periodSeconds: 10
#            failureThreshold: 3
          volumeMounts:
            - name: datadir
              mountPath: /home/nacos/data
            - name: logdir
              mountPath: /home/nacos/logs

重点来了：

1、上面配置中的livenessProbe和readinessProbe两个部分先要注释掉，否则会一直报错：

Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.net.UnknownHostException: nacos-1.nacos-headless.nacos.svc.cluster.local
        at io.grpc.internal.DnsNameResolver.resolveAddresses(DnsNameResolver.java:222)
        at io.grpc.internal.DnsNameResolver.doResolve(DnsNameResolver.java:281)
        at io.grpc.internal.DnsNameResolver$Resolve.run(DnsNameResolver.java:318)
        ... 3 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.net.UnknownHostException: nacos-1.nacos-headless.nacos.svc.cluster.local
        at java.base/java.net.InetAddress$CachedAddresses.get(InetAddress.java:801)
        at java.base/java.net.InetAddress.getAllByName0(InetAddress.java:1533)
        at java.base/java.net.InetAddress.getAllByName(InetAddress.java:1385)
        at java.base/java.net.InetAddress.getAllByName(InetAddress.java:1306)
        at io.grpc.internal.DnsNameResolver$JdkAddressResolver.resolveAddress(DnsNameResolver.java:642)
        at io.grpc.internal.DnsNameResolver.resolveAddresses(DnsNameResolver.java:218)
        ... 5 common frames omitted

等它启动成功，再修放开这再段，kubectl apply -f xxx.yaml就行了。

2、NACOS_CONFIG_NAMESPACE_COMPATIBLE_MODE=false

这个参数没有的话，一直会报错：

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'configMigrateService': Invocation of init method failed
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:222)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:429)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1818)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:607)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:529)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:339)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:373)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:337)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:315)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:254)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1752)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1635)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:913)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:791)
        ... 28 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.Exception: [migrate] config_info namespace migrate pre check failed
        at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.ConfigMigrateService.namespaceMigratePreCheck(ConfigMigrateService.java:765)
        at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.ConfigMigrateService.doCheckNamespaceMigrate(ConfigMigrateService.java:519)
        at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.ConfigMigrateService.migrate(ConfigMigrateService.java:158)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:569)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$LifecycleMethod.invoke(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:457)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$LifecycleMetadata.invokeInitMethods(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:401)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:219)

3、SPRING_DATASOURCE_PLATFORM=mysql

这个参数原文是没有的，它会导致出错：

[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)	Caused by: com.alibaba.nacos.api.exception.runtime.NacosRuntimeException: errCode: 102, errMsg: dataSource or tableName is null 
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at com.alibaba.nacos.plugin.datasource.MapperManager.findMapper(MapperManager.java:106)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.repository.extrnal.ExternalConfigInfoPersistServiceImpl.findConfigMaxId(ExternalConfigInfoPersistServiceImpl.java:720)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:569)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:360)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:196)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:163)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.invoke(AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.java:64)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:184)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:97)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:184)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:728)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.repository.extrnal.ExternalConfigInfoPersistServiceImpl$$SpringCGLIB$$0.findConfigMaxId(<generated>)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.dump.processor.DumpAllProcessor.process(DumpAllProcessor.java:65)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.dump.DumpService.dumpAllConfigInfoOnStartup(DumpService.java:270)
[2026-03-13  11:04:10]	(nacos-0 nacos)		at com.alibaba.nacos.config.server.service.dump.DumpService.dumpOperate(DumpService.java:224)