include任务复用
[root@ansible ~]# ls
3.26.sh an-10.yml an-3.yml an-6.yml an-9.yml apache-tomcat-8.5.100.tar.gz.1 bianliang.yml group_vars replace.txt
a.txt an-11.yml an-4.yml an-7.yml anaconda-ks.cfg apache-tomcat-8.5.100.tar.gz.2 cp.tar.gz host_vars
an-1.yml an-2.yml an-5.yml an-8.yml apache-tomcat-8.5.100.tar.gz apache-tomcat-9.0.98.tar.gz cp.txt httpd.conf
[root@ansible ~]# vi an-12.yml
[root@ansible ~]# cat an-12.yml
# 作为主控文件
- hosts: webservers
vars:
tom8_ver: 8.5.100
tom9_ver: 9.0.98
tom_install_dir: /usr/local
tasks:
- name: 安装tomcat8+jdk8
include: setup8.yml
tags: tom8
- name: 安装tomcat9+jdk11
include: setup9.yml
tags: tom9
[root@ansible ~]# vi setup8.yml
[root@ansible ~]# cat setup8.yml
# 安装tomcat8和jdk8
- name: 安装jdk8
yum:
name: java-1.8.0-openjdk
state: present
- name: 解压、安装tomcat
unarchive:
src: /root/apache-tomcat-{{ tom8_ver }}.tar.gz
dest: "{{ tom_install_dir }}"
- name: 启动
shell: cd {{ tom_install_dir }} && mv apache-tomcat-{{ tom8_ver }} tomcat8 && cd tomcat8/bin && nohup ./startup.sh &
[root@ansible ~]# cp setup8.yml setup9.yml
[root@ansible ~]# vi setup9.yml
[root@ansible ~]# cat setup9.yml
# 安装tomcat9和jdk11
- name: 安装jdk11
yum:
name: java-11-openjdk
state: present
- name: 解压、安装tomcat
unarchive:
src: /root/apache-tomcat-{{ tom9_ver }}.tar.gz
dest: "{{ tom_install_dir }}"
- name: 启动
shell: cd {{ tom_install_dir }} && mv apache-tomcat-{{ tom9_ver }} tomcat9 && cd tomcat9/bin && nohup ./startup.sh &
[root@ansible ~]# ansible-playbook an-12.yml -t tom9 #这里可以在两个文件中选安装哪一个
[DEPRECATION WARNING]: "include" is deprecated, use include_tasks/import_tasks instead. See https://docs.ansible.com/ansible-
core/2.14/user_guide/playbooks_reuse_includes.html for details. This feature will be removed in version 2.16. Deprecation warnings can be disabled by
setting deprecation_warnings=False in ansible.cfg.
PLAY [webservers] ***************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **********************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.92.20]
TASK [安装jdk11] ****************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.92.20]
TASK [解压、安装tomcat] *********************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.92.20]
TASK [启动] *********************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.92.20]
PLAY RECAP **********************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.92.20 : ok=4 changed=3 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0tags
[root@ansible ~]# vi an-13.yml
[root@ansible ~]# cat an-13.yml
# 添加方式
# 一对多：给多个任务打多个标签
# 一对一：给一个任务打一个标签
# 多对一：给多个任务打一个标签
# -t 要执行的标签
# --skip-tags 不要执行的任务
- hosts: webservers
tasks:
- name: "查询"
shell: who
tags: aaa
- name: "安装nfs服务"
yum:
name: nfs-utils
state: present
tags:
- install_nfs
- in_nfs
- aaa
- name: "启动服务"
service:
name: nfs-server
state: started
tags: start_nfs
[root@ansible ~]# ansible-playbook -t aaa an-13.yml
PLAY [webservers] ***************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **********************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.92.20]
TASK [查询] *********************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.92.20]
TASK [安装nfs服务] **************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.92.20]
PLAY RECAP **********************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.92.20 : ok=3 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0ignore_errors
[root@ansible ~]# vi an-10.yml
[root@ansible ~]# cat an-10.yml
# user={{ key.value }}
- hosts: webservers
tasks:
- name: "错误任务"
shell: asdaafiefncnac
- name: "创建用户组"
group:
name: "{{ item }}"
state: present
loop:
- gp1
- gp2
- gp3
- name: "创建用户并设置基本组"
user:
name: "{{ item.uname }}"
group: "{{ item.group }}"
state: present
loop:
- { uname: test1, group: gp1 }
- { uname: test2, group: gp2 }
- { uname: test3, group: gp3 }
[root@ansible ~]# ansible-playbook an-10.yml
PLAY [webservers] ***************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **********************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.92.20]
TASK [错误任务] *****************************************************************************************************************************************
fatal: [192.168.92.20]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "asdaafiefncnac", "delta": "0:00:00.006170", "end": "2026-03-29 18:02:47.741308", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 127, "start": "2026-03-29 18:02:47.735138", "stderr": "/bin/sh: line 1: asdaafiefncnac: command not found", "stderr_lines": ["/bin/sh: line 1: asdaafiefncnac: command not found"], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}
PLAY RECAP **********************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.92.20 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=1 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[root@ansible ~]# vi an-10.yml
[root@ansible ~]# cat an-10.yml
# user={{ key.value }}
- hosts: webservers
tasks:
- name: "错误任务"
shell: asdaafiefncnac
ignore_errors: yes
- name: "创建用户组"
group:
name: "{{ item }}"
state: present
loop:
- gp1
- gp2
- gp3
- name: "创建用户并设置基本组"
user:
name: "{{ item.uname }}"
group: "{{ item.group }}"
state: present
loop:
- { uname: test1, group: gp1 }
- { uname: test2, group: gp2 }
- { uname: test3, group: gp3 }
[root@ansible ~]# ansible-playbook an-10.yml
PLAY [webservers] ***************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **********************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.92.20]
TASK [错误任务] *****************************************************************************************************************************************
fatal: [192.168.92.20]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": "asdaafiefncnac", "delta": "0:00:00.005330", "end": "2026-03-29 18:04:48.901292", "msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 127, "start": "2026-03-29 18:04:48.895962", "stderr": "/bin/sh: line 1: asdaafiefncnac: command not found", "stderr_lines": ["/bin/sh: line 1: asdaafiefncnac: command not found"], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}
...ignoring
TASK [创建用户组] ***************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.92.20] => (item=gp1)
ok: [192.168.92.20] => (item=gp2)
ok: [192.168.92.20] => (item=gp3)
TASK [创建用户并设置基本组] *****************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.92.20] => (item={'uname': 'test1', 'group': 'gp1'})
ok: [192.168.92.20] => (item={'uname': 'test2', 'group': 'gp2'})
ok: [192.168.92.20] => (item={'uname': 'test3', 'group': 'gp3'})
PLAY RECAP **********************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.92.20 : ok=4 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=1错误任务还是失败了，但是跳过了错误任务，后面的还是在运行