zabbix安装-7.4

梁正雄2026-06-04 13:47

zabbix-7.4安装

参考文档：官网，zabbix源码下载，mariadb下载，php下载，nginx下载

一、前置准备

  • 文档编写时：截至 2026 年 6 月 3 日，Zabbix 最新正式版为 7.4.10（2026-05-06 发布）

  • 前置准备

    服务 版本
    操作系统-内核-架构 中科方德-4.19.113-x86_64
    zabbix版本 7.4.10
    MariaDB 10.6.27
    php版本 8.3.31
    nginx版本 1.31.1

  • 安装包准备

    bash 复制代码 
    # 全部使用源码编译
mkdir /opt/software ; cd /opt/software
wget https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/sources/stable/7.4/zabbix-7.4.10.tar.gz
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-8.3.31.tar.gz
wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.31.1.tar.gz
# mariadb用浏览器下载
# 解压
for i in `ls *.tar.gz`;do tar xf $i;done

二、服务编译

2.1、mariadb

  • 安装依赖

    bash 复制代码 
    yum install -y gcc make  openssl-devel sqlite-devel \
curl-devel libpng-devel libjpeg-devel libicu-devel oniguruma-devel \
libxslt-devel libzip-devel bzip2-devel re2c  pkgconfig \
gnutls-devel  ncurses-devel bison bison-devel boost boost-devel  \
flex flex-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel snappy snappy-devel \
curl-devel lz4-devel pcre2 pcre2-devel pcre pcre-devel

  • cmake依赖

    bash 复制代码 
    # 用于解决zstd依赖
# cmake: symbol lookup error: cmake: undefined symbol: archive_write_add_filter_zstd

wget https://github.com/facebook/zstd/releases/download/v1.5.7/zstd-1.5.7.tar.gz
tar -xzvf zstd-1.5.7.tar.gz
cd zstd-1.5.7
# 32是cpu核数
make -j 32 &&  make -j 32 install

wget https://www.libarchive.org/downloads/libarchive-3.7.2.tar.gz
tar -zxf libarchive-3.7.2.tar.gz
cd libarchive-3.7.2
./configure --prefix=/usr
make -j$(nproc)  && make install

# 更新库缓存
ldconfig

# 最后在看一下
cmake --version
cmake version 3.20.2

  • 开始编译

    • cmake

      bash 复制代码 
      cd /opt/software/mariadb-10.6.27/
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mirror/mariadb \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mirror/mariadb/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mirror/mariadb \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/opt/mirror/mariadb/data/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=53306 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_ROCKSDB=OFF \
-DWITH_GALERA=1 \
-DGALERA_INCLUDE_DIR=/opt/mysql/mysqlso \
-DGALERA_LIBRARY=/opt/mysql/mysqlso/libgalera_smm.so \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DWITHOUT_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1

make -j 8 && make -j 8 install

    • 初始数据库

      bash 复制代码 
      cd /opt/mirror/mariadb
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=root --datadir=data/

    • my.cnf

      bash 复制代码 
      # vi /opt/mirror/mariadb/my.cnf
[client]
port        = 53306
socket      = /opt/mirror/mariadb/data/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port        = 53306
socket      = /opt/mirror/mariadb/data/mysql.sock
lower_case_table_names = 1
character-set-server=utf8
key_buffer_size = 64M
max_allowed_packet = 10M
table_open_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M
max_connections=3000
thread_cache_size=1000
max_connect_errors=200
interactive_timeout=600
wait_timeout=3600
innodb_buffer_pool_size=1000M
read_buffer_size = 256K
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_limit = 512K
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
query_cache_size=32M
tmp_table_size=64M
open_files_limit = 65535

#加载密码复杂度审计插件
plugin-load=simple_password_check.so
#密码长度，默认8位
simple_password_check_minimal_length=8
#特殊符号，1代表至少1位
#simple_password_check_other_characters=1
#同时包含大小写
#simple_password_check_letters_same_case=1
#字母数，1代表至少1位
#simple_password_check_letters_same_case=1
#数字数，1代表至少1位
#simple_password_check_digits=1
# 最大生效时间
default_password_lifetime=90
#最大错误登录次数
max_password_errors=5

############## 这部分在下面要修改 #####
# unix_socket=OFF
# log-bin=mysql-bin
# binlog_format=mixed
server-id   = 1
expire_logs_days=30
############## 

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

    • 自启脚本

      bash 复制代码 
      cat >>  /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb106.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=MariaDBserver database server
After=syslog.target
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple

ExecStart=/opt/mirror/mariadb/bin/mysqld_safe  --defaults-file=/opt/mirror/mariadb/my.cnf --user=root
TimeoutSec=300
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 启动
systemctl start mariadb106
# 检查端口
ss -tnlp|grep 53306

    • 修改root初始不让它为空

      • 关闭复杂度

        bash 复制代码 
        ./bin/mysql    # 不用密码直接登陆 
-- 先关闭所有复杂度要求，只检查长度
SET GLOBAL simple_password_check_minimal_length=6;
SET GLOBAL simple_password_check_digits=0;
SET GLOBAL simple_password_check_letters_same_case=0;
SET GLOBAL simple_password_check_other_characters=0;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

      • 初始化root密码

        bash 复制代码 
        select user, host, plugin from mysql.user;
SET GLOBAL simple_password_check_other_characters=0;
SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('12345678');
SET PASSWORD FOR 'mariadb.sys'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('12345678');
grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '12345678';
delete from  mysql.user where user=' ';
select User,Host,Password from mysql.user;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

      • 创建zabbix库&用户

        bash 复制代码 
        create database zabbix character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin;
create user zabbix@localhost identified by '12345678';
grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;

CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS 'zabbix'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';
GRANT ALL ON zabbix.* TO 'zabbix'@'127.0.0.1';

set global log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1;
SELECT user, host FROM mysql.user;

    • 此时再用 ./mysql还是免密进入

      bash 复制代码 
      vi /opt/mirror/mariadb/my.cnf
[mysqld]
unix_socket=OFF    # 把注释打开，禁止用unix_socket登陆

# 重启再登陆 就要密码了
[root@localhost mariadb]# systemctl restart mariadb106

# 验证
[root@localhost mariadb]# ./bin/mysql
ERROR 1524 (HY000): Plugin 'unix_socket' is not loaded
[root@localhost mariadb]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:   # 直接回车
ERROR 1524 (HY000): Plugin 'unix_socket' is not loaded

# 在登陆 
[root@localhost mariadb]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:  # 敲密码
Server version: 10.6.27-MariaDB Source distribution

  • 截止这里，mariadb就编译完成，我们可以将它压缩方便后续使用

    bash 复制代码 
    systemctl stop mariadb106
rm -rf mysql-test
cd /opt/mirror/ ; tar zcf mariadb106.tar.gz mariadb/

2.2、Zabbix

  • 直接编译

    bash 复制代码 
    cd /opt/software/zabbix-7.4.10

./configure \
  --prefix=/opt/mirror/zabbix \
  --enable-server \
  --enable-agent \
  --with-mysql=/opt/mirror/mariadb/bin/mysql_config \
  --with-net-snmp \
  --with-libcurl \
  --with-openssl

make -j 8 && make -j 8 install

# gettext必须动态编译，需要看 【安装时异常 \ php-gettext \ 处理方式二】

  • zabbix_server.conf

    bash 复制代码 
    cd /opt/mirror/zabbix/etc
grep -v '^#' zabbix_server.conf | grep -v "^$"
ListenPort=10051
LogType=file
LogFile=/opt/mirror/zabbix/logs/zabbix_server.log
PidFile=/opt/mirror/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
DBHost=127.0.0.1
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=12345678
DBPort=53306
StartVMwareCollectors=0
VMwareFrequency=60
VMwareCacheSize=8M
ListenIP=0.0.0.0
Timeout=4
LogSlowQueries=3000
StatsAllowedIP=0.0.0.0/0			# 允许接入的地址
EnableGlobalScripts=0

  • sql导入

    bash 复制代码 
    cd /opt/software/zabbix-7.4.10/database/mysql
ls ./  # 我们只要这三个sql文件
# 导入顺序  schema.sql，data.sql， images.sql
# 先导表，导数据，导图片

/opt/mirror/mariadb/bin/mysql -uroot -p12345678
MariaDB [(none)]> use zabbix;
MariaDB [(none)]> source schema.sql;
MariaDB [(none)]> source data.sql;
MariaDB [(none)]> source images.sql;

# 官网要求
# Disable log_bin_trust_function_creators option after importing database schema.
MariaDB [(none)]> set global log_bin_trust_function_creators = 0;

# 修改配置文件
vim /opt/mirror/mariadb/my.cnf
加到mysqld下面
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 0;

  • 自启服务

    bash 复制代码 
    # 1、创建 zabbix 专用用户
groupadd zabbix
useradd -g zabbix -s /sbin/nologin zabbix

# 2、目录权限
chown -R zabbix:zabbix /opt/mirror/zabbix

# 3、添加自启
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix_server.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Zabbix Server
After=network.target mariadb.service

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/opt/mirror/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
ExecStart=/opt/mirror/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server -c /opt/mirror/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf
ExecStop=/bin/kill -SIGTERM $MAINPID
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
User=zabbix
Group=zabbix

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 4、服务启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable zabbix_server
systemctl start zabbix_server

# 5、检查
]#  ss -tnl | grep 10051
State       Recv-Q Send-Q            Local Address:Port    Peer Address:Port
LISTEN      0      128                   *:10051           *:*                  

# 6、日志
tail -100f /opt/mirror/zabbix/logs/zabbix_server.log

2.3、php

  • 创建普通用户

    bash 复制代码 
    groupadd nginx
useradd -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin nginx

# 在进程中以nginx用户展示，也可以改成其它
  --with-fpm-user=nginx \
  --with-fpm-group=nginx \

  • 依赖处理

    bash 复制代码 
    yum install -y \
libxml2-devel openssl-devel sqlite sqlite-devel \
curl-devel gd-devel oniguruma oniguruma-devel \
libpng-devel libjpeg-devel freetype-devel
# 也可以忽略 sqlite ， 下面的编译加上   --disable-sqlite3 这个参数

yum install -y libjpeg-turbo-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel giflib-devel libwebp-devel php-gettext gettext-devel  fontconfig-devel

  • 开始编译

    bash 复制代码 
    cd /opt/software/php-8.3.31/
./configure \
--prefix=/opt/mirror/php83 \
--with-config-file-path=/opt/mirror/php83/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-user=nginx \
--with-fpm-group=nginx \
--with-mysqli \
--with-pdo-mysql \
--with-openssl \
--with-curl \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-xml \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-gd \
--with-jpeg \
--with-freetype \
--with-webp

make -j 8 && make -j 8 install

  • 服务配置

    • 复制默认配置文件

      bash 复制代码 
      cp php.ini-production /opt/mirror/php83/etc/php.ini
cd /opt/mirror/php83/etc
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf

    • 修改 php.ini【Zabbix 强制参数，不修改安装页报错】

      bash 复制代码 
      vim /opt/mirror/php83/etc/php.ini
# 这四个很关键，如果没有就手动添加
pid = /opt/mirror/php83/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /opt/mirror/php83/var/log/php-fpm.log
daemonize = yes
include=/opt/mirror/php83/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf

# 搜索修改下面6项
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
max_execution_time = 600
max_input_time = 300
memory_limit = 512M
post_max_size = 32M
upload_max_filesize = 16M
# 关闭两项
session.auto_start = Off
mbstring.func_overload = 0

    • 新增 www.conf

      bash 复制代码 
      cat > /opt/mirror/php83/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf <<'EOF'
[www]
user = nginx
group = nginx
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1

pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 10
pm.start_servers = 3
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 5

php_value[date.timezone] = Asia/Shanghai
php_value[max_execution_time] = 300
php_value[memory_limit] = 256M
php_value[post_max_size] = 16M
php_value[upload_max_filesize] = 2M
EOF

    • 创建 session 缓存目录（PHP 会话存储，zabbix 登录依赖）

      bash 复制代码 
      mkdir -p /var/lib/php/session
chown nginx:nginx /var/lib/php/session

  • 自启脚本

    bash 复制代码 
    cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/php83-fpm.service <<'EOF'
[Unit]
Description=PHP8.3-FPM Service(Zabbix)
After=network.target

[Service]
# Type=forking 配合后台daemonize=yes，PIDFile和php-fpm.conf里pid路径严格一致
Type=forking
PIDFile=/opt/mirror/php83/var/run/php-fpm.pid
# 关键：沿用你原本 -c php.ini -y php-fpm.conf 手动指定配置，不篡改启动参数
ExecStart=/opt/mirror/php83/sbin/php-fpm -c /opt/mirror/php83/etc/php.ini -y /opt/mirror/php83/etc/php-fpm.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -INT $MAINPID
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=3

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

    • 检查服务

      bash 复制代码 
      systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start php83-fpm
systemctl enable php83-fpm
# 检查端口是否监听9000
ss -lntp | grep 9000

2.4、nginx

  • 安装依赖

    bash 复制代码 
    yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel libtool wget

  • 编译

    bash 复制代码 
    ./configure \
--prefix=/opt/mirror/nginx \
--sbin-path=/opt/mirror/nginx/sbin/nginx \
--conf-path=/opt/mirror/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
--pid-path=/opt/mirror/nginx/var/run/nginx.pid \
--error-log-path=/opt/mirror/nginx/logs/error.log \
--http-log-path=/opt/mirror/nginx/logs/access.log \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-stream \
--with-stream_ssl_module

make -j 8 && make -j 8 install

  • 配置zabbix站点文件

    bas 复制代码 
    # 站点目录
mkdir -p /opt/mirror/nginx/html/zabbix
# 拷贝zabbix前端ui（自行替换源码ui路径）
cp -r /opt/software/zabbix-7.4.10/ui/* /opt/mirror/nginx/html/zabbix/
# 权限统一nginx
chown -R nginx:nginx /opt/mirror/nginx

  • 配置处理

    • nginx.conf

      bash 复制代码 
      cat > /opt/mirror/nginx/conf/nginx.conf <<'EOF'
user  nginx;
# 四核
#worker_processes  4;
#worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000;

# 8核
worker_processes 8; 
worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  102400;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    # vhost_traffic_status_zone;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    client_max_body_size 100m;
    client_header_buffer_size 32k;
    proxy_max_temp_file_size 100M;
    proxy_buffers   4 256k;
    proxy_buffer_size   128k;  
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Connection "";
    open_file_cache_valid 30s;
    open_file_cache_min_uses 1;
    open_file_cache max=204800 inactive=20s;
    tcp_nopush on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    sendfile on;
    send_timeout 15;
    server_tokens off;
    server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
    keepalive_timeout 10000;
    large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

    # gzip 
    gzip  on;
    gzip_min_length   1k;
    gzip_buffers      4 16k;
    gzip_http_version 1.0;
    gzip_comp_level   3;
    gzip_types        text/plain text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript application/json application/javascript;
    gzip_vary         on;

    # FastCGI 它允许Web服务器与动态应用程序（如PHP、Python等）进行通信
    fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 4k;
    fastcgi_buffers 8 4k;
    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 8k;
    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 8k;
    fastcgi_cache_valid 200 302 1h;
    fastcgi_cache_valid 301 1d;
    fastcgi_cache_valid any 1m;
    fastcgi_cache_min_uses 1;
    fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500;
 
    #导入外部服务器配置文件存放地址
    include /opt/mirror/nginx/conf/conf.d/*.conf;
}
EOF

    • 自启 nginx.service

      bash 复制代码 
      cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service <<'EOF'
[Unit]
Description=Nginx 1.31.1 Web Server
After=network.target php83-fpm.service

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/opt/mirror/nginx/var/run/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/opt/mirror/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/opt/mirror/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/opt/mirror/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

    • zabbix.conf

      bash 复制代码 
      mkdir /opt/mirror/nginx/conf/conf.d/
cat > /opt/mirror/nginx/conf/conf.d/zabbix.conf <<'EOF'
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name _;
    root /opt/mirror/nginx/html/zabbix;
    index index.php index.html;

    fastcgi_connect_timeout 600;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 600;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 600;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    # PHP解析转发至本机php83-fpm:9000
    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    # nginx状态页 zabbix监控采集
    location /nginx-status {
        stub_status;
        allow 127.0.0.1;
        deny all;
    }
}
EOF

    • 校验以及启动服务

      bash 复制代码 
      chmod 777 /opt/mirror/nginx/ -R
# 配置语法校验
/opt/mirror/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
# 重载systemd
systemctl daemon-reload
# 开机自启+启动
systemctl enable --now nginx
# 查看运行状态
systemctl status nginx

三、前台初始化

源码编译包：提取码: fmte

3.1、开始初始化

  • 选择中文，如果没处理好这里会有gettext异常

  • 检查必要条件

  • 配置数据库连接

  • 设置名称

  • 总结

  • 完结

3.2、登陆

  • 登陆： 用户:Admin 密码:zabbix

  • 完成

安装时异常

php-gettext

  • 异常描述： Translations are unavailable because the PHP gettext module is missing

  • 处理一： 这一步安装依赖时安装

    bash 复制代码 
    yum install -y php-gettext gettext-devel
systemctl restart php83-fpm

  • 处理二:：源码安装 gettext 扩展 <--使用这个

    bash 复制代码 
    cd /opt/software/php-8.3.31/ext/gettext
# 这两行是一起执行的
/opt/mirror/php83/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/opt/mirror/php83/bin/php-config
# 然后编译
make -j$(nproc)  && make install
echo "extension=gettext.so" >> /opt/mirror/php83/etc/php.ini
systemctl restart php83-fpm
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