OpenStack使用
文章目录
WEB界面实验
创建实例类型(规格)
上传镜像
创建外部网络
创建内网
创建路由器
观察此刻网络拓扑
创建实例
实例创建成功
VNC登录
右击，在新标签页中打开连接
观察此刻网络拓扑
instance1 外网通信测试
CLI实验
还原快照，照着WEB一摸一样再来一遍
创建实例类型(规格)
bash
# 加载admin环境变量
source keystonerc_admin
# 查看flavor create命令帮助
openstack flavor create --help
bash
usage: openstack flavor create [-h] [-f {json,shell,table,value,yaml}]
[-c COLUMN] [--noindent] [--prefix PREFIX]
[--max-width <integer>] [--fit-width]
[--print-empty] [--id <id>] [--ram <size-mb>]
[--disk <size-gb>] [--ephemeral <size-gb>]
[--swap <size-mb>] [--vcpus <vcpus>]
[--rxtx-factor <factor>] [--public | --private]
[--property <key=value>] [--project <project>]
[--description <description>]
[--project-domain <project-domain>]
<flavor-name>
Create new flavor
positional arguments:
<flavor-name> New flavor name
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--id <id> Unique flavor ID; 'auto' creates a UUID (default:
auto)
--ram <size-mb> Memory size in MB (default 256M)
--disk <size-gb> Disk size in GB (default 0G)
--ephemeral <size-gb>
Ephemeral disk size in GB (default 0G)
--swap <size-mb> Additional swap space size in MB (default 0M)
--vcpus <vcpus> Number of vcpus (default 1)
--rxtx-factor <factor>
RX/TX factor (default 1.0)
--public Flavor is available to other projects (default)
--private Flavor is not available to other projects
--property <key=value>
Property to add for this flavor (repeat option to set
multiple properties)
--project <project> Allow <project> to access private flavor (name or ID)
(Must be used with --private option)
--description <description>
Description for the flavor.(Supported by API versions
'2.55' - '2.latest'
--project-domain <project-domain>
Domain the project belongs to (name or ID). This can
be used in case collisions between project names
exist.
output formatters:
output formatter options
-f {json,shell,table,value,yaml}, --format {json,shell,table,value,yaml}
the output format, defaults to table
-c COLUMN, --column COLUMN
specify the column(s) to include, can be repeated to
show multiple columns
json formatter:
--noindent whether to disable indenting the JSON
shell formatter:
a format a UNIX shell can parse (variable="value")
--prefix PREFIX add a prefix to all variable names
table formatter:
--max-width <integer>
Maximum display width, <1 to disable. You can also use
the CLIFF_MAX_TERM_WIDTH environment variable, but the
parameter takes precedence.
--fit-width Fit the table to the display width. Implied if --max-
width greater than 0. Set the environment variable
CLIFF_FIT_WIDTH=1 to always enable
--print-empty Print empty table if there is no data to show.
bash
# 创建实例规格：1核CPU、1000MB内存、1GB磁盘，名称m1.1u.1g
openstack flavor create --vcpus 1 --ram 1000 --disk 1 m1.1u.1g
bash
+----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled | False |
| OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral | 0 |
| disk | 1 |
| id | b09812ee-8c91-49b9-b17b-f68bf21ba04c |
| name | m1.1u.1g |
| os-flavor-access:is_public | True |
| properties | |
| ram | 1000 |
| rxtx_factor | 1.0 |
| swap | |
| vcpus | 1 |
+----------------------------+--------------------------------------+上传镜像
将镜像，通过SFTP上传到controller节点/root目录
上传镜像到openstack
bash
# 创建镜像：指定镜像文件路径、磁盘格式qcow2、公开属性，名称cirros-0.5.2
openstack image create --file /root/cirros-0.5.2-x86_64-disk.img --disk-format qcow2 --public cirros-0.5.2创建外部网络
bash
# 创建外部网络：flat类型、物理网络extnet、标记为外部网络
openstack network create --project-domain admin --provider-network-type flat --provider-physical-network extnet --external waiwang
# 创建外部网络子网：网段192.168.108.0/24、网关192.168.108.2、地址池范围100-200
openstack subnet create --subnet-range 192.168.108.0/24 --gateway 192.168.108.2 --allocation-pool start=192.168.108.100,end=192.168.108.200 --network waiwang waiwang_subnet创建内网
bash
# 创建内网
openstack network create --project-domain admin neiwang1
# 创建内网子网：网段172.16.0.0/24、网关172.16.0.1、地址池范围100-200、DNS 8.8.8.8
openstack subnet create --subnet-range 172.16.0.0/24 --gateway 172.16.0.1 --allocation-pool start=172.16.0.100,end=172.16.0.200 --dns-nameserver 8.8.8.8 --network neiwang1 neiwang_subnet1创建路由器
bash
# 创建路由器router1
openstack router create router1
# 设置路由器外部网关为waiwang网络
openstack router set --external-gateway waiwang router1
# 将内网子网neiwang_subnet1添加到路由器
openstack router add subnet router1 neiwang_subnet1观察此刻网络拓扑
创建实例
bash
# 创建实例：使用cirros-0.5.2镜像、m1.1u.1g规格、neiwang1网络，名称instance1
openstack server create --image cirros-0.5.2 --flavor m1.1u.1g --network neiwang1 instance1实例创建成功
查看有哪些实例
bash
# 列出所有实例
openstack server list
bash
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+-------------------+--------------+----------+
| ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+-------------------+--------------+----------+
| 07e06925-625f-4dbb-8180-e2ea17ba9d04 | instance1 | ACTIVE | neiwang1=172.16.0.136 | cirros-0.5.2 | m1.1u.1g |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+-------------------+--------------+----------+查看实例instance1详细信息
bash
# 查看instance1实例详细信息
openstack server show instance1
bash
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | compute |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | compute |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-00000001 |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | Running |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | None |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | active |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | 2024-09-23T03:07:57.000000 |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| addresses | neiwang1=172.16.0.136 |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2024-09-23T03:07:54Z |
| flavor | m1.1u.1g (b09812ee-8c91-49b9-b17b-f68bf21ba04c) |
| hostId | f00630fce60ba860032d71e9058332f335ee93e9d368814f519aa57e |
| id | 07e06925-625f-4dbb-8180-e2ea17ba9d04 |
| image | cirros-0.5.2 (720f9ec0-d58c-4456-8d50-d6624bf11831) |
| key_name | None |
| name | instance1 |
| progress | 0 |
| project_id | 03e49a46342d48ab9607b4919925e42c |
| properties | |
| security_groups | name='default' |
| status | ACTIVE |
| updated | 2024-09-23T03:08:00Z |
| user_id | 7ef9147a8abe485889ece90dce340ab1 |
| volumes_attached | |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+VNC登录，后续可以SSH登录
观察此刻网络拓扑
instance1 外网通信测试
