文章目录
Containerd容器镜像管理
帮助命令
- docker使用docker images命令管理镜像
- 单机containerd使用ctr images命令管理镜像,containerd本身的CLI
- k8s中containerd使用crictl images命令管理镜像,Kubernetes社区的专用CLI工具
bash
#命令帮助
# 查看ctr命令帮助信息，了解可用的子命令和全局选项
[root@localhost ~]# ctr --help
NAME:
ctr -
__
_____/ /______
/ ___/ __/ ___/
/ /__/ /_/ /
\___/\__/_/
containerd CLI
USAGE:
ctr [global options] command [command options] [arguments...]
VERSION:
v1.6.32
DESCRIPTION:
ctr is an unsupported debug and administrative client for interacting
with the containerd daemon. Because it is unsupported, the commands,
options, and operations are not guaranteed to be backward compatible or
stable from release to release of the containerd project.
COMMANDS:
plugins, plugin provides information about containerd plugins
version print the client and server versions
containers, c, container manage containers
content manage content
events, event display containerd events
images, image, i manage images
leases manage leases
namespaces, namespace, ns manage namespaces
pprof provide golang pprof outputs for containerd
run run a container
snapshots, snapshot manage snapshots
tasks, t, task manage tasks
install install a new package
oci OCI tools
deprecations
shim interact with a shim directly
help, h Shows a list of commands or help for one command
GLOBAL OPTIONS:
--debug enable debug output in logs
--address value, -a value address for containerd's GRPC server (default:
"/run/containerd/containerd.sock") [$CONTAINERD_ADDRESS]
--timeout value total timeout for ctr commands (default: 0s)
--connect-timeout value timeout for connecting to containerd (default:
0s)
--namespace value, -n value namespace to use with commands (default:
"default") [$CONTAINERD_NAMESPACE]
--help, -h show help
--version, -v print the version
# 查看ctr images镜像管理子命令的帮助信息
[root@localhost ~]# ctr images --help
NAME:
ctr images - manage images
USAGE:
ctr images command [command options] [arguments...]
COMMANDS:
check check existing images to ensure all content is
available locally
export export images
import import images
list, ls list images known to containerd
mount mount an image to a target path
unmount unmount the image from the target
pull pull an image from a remote
push push an image to a remote
delete, del, remove, rm remove one or more images by reference
tag tag an image
label set and clear labels for an image
convert convert an image
OPTIONS:
--help, -h show help查看镜像
bash
# 使用images子命令查看镜像列表(list)
[root@docker ~]# ctr images list
REF TYPE DIGEST SIZE PLATFORMS LABELS
# 使用images子命令查看镜像列表(ls为list的简写)
[root@docker ~]# ctr images ls
REF TYPE DIGEST SIZE PLATFORMS LABELS
# 使用image子命令查看镜像列表(list)
[root@docker ~]# ctr image list
REF TYPE DIGEST SIZE PLATFORMS LABELS
# 使用image子命令查看镜像列表(ls为list的简写)
[root@docker ~]# ctr image ls
REF TYPE DIGEST SIZE PLATFORMS LABELS
# 使用i子命令查看镜像列表(i为images的简写)
[root@docker ~]# ctr i list
REF TYPE DIGEST SIZE PLATFORMS LABELS
# 使用i子命令查看镜像列表(i和ls均为简写)
[root@docker ~]# ctr i ls
REF TYPE DIGEST SIZE PLATFORMS LABELS下载镜像
containerd支持oci标准的镜像，所以可以直接使用docker官方或dockerfile构建的镜像
bash
# 使用ctr拉取nginx镜像，需写完整的镜像仓库地址(不能直接写nginx:alpine)
[root@localhost ~]# ctr images pull 054b8ac70e8010d90f2ac00ef29e6580.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com/library/nginx:latest
# 验证现象
# 使用image子命令查看镜像列表(ls为list的简写)
[root@localhost ~]# ctr image ls
REF
TYPE DIGEST
SIZE PLATFORMS
LABELS
054b8ac70e8010d90f2ac00ef29e6580.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com/library/nginx:latest application/vnd.oci.image.index.v1+json
sha256:84ec966e61a8c7846f509da7eb081c55c1d56817448728924a87ab32f12a72fb 68.9 MiB
linux/386,linux/amd64,linux/arm/v5,linux/arm/v7,linux/arm64/v8,linux/mips64le,linux/ppc64le,linux/s390x,unknown/unknown -镜像挂载
方便查看镜像中包含的内容
bash
# 将nginx镜像挂载到/mnt目录，方便查看镜像中包含的内容
[root@localhost ~]# ctr images mount 054b8ac70e8010d90f2ac00ef29e6580.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com/library/nginx:latest /mnt
sha256:3c1159cd77f83ede793fc21502ae30b39b04378b6b1b625451d701d555cc1cb9
/mnt
# 查看挂载目录/mnt中的内容
[root@localhost ~]# ls /mnt
bin boot dev docker-entrypoint.d docker-entrypoint.sh etc home lib lib64
media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
# 卸载已挂载的/mnt目录
[root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt镜像导出
bash
# 导出nginx镜像为nginx.tar文件，--platform指定导出linux/amd64平台镜像
[root@localhost ~]# ctr i export --platform linux/amd64 nginx.tar
054b8ac70e8010d90f2ac00ef29e6580.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com/library/nginx:latest
# 查看当前目录下的文件
[root@localhost ~]# ls
nginx.tar镜像删除
bash
# 查看ctr image rm删除镜像命令的帮助
[root@localhost ~]# ctr image rm --help
NAME:
ctr images delete - remove one or more images by reference
USAGE:
ctr images delete [command options] [flags] <ref> [<ref>, ...]
DESCRIPTION:
remove one or more images by reference
OPTIONS:
--sync Synchronously remove image and all associated resources
# 删除指定的nginx镜像
[root@localhost ~]# ctr image rm 054b8ac70e8010d90f2ac00ef29e6580.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com/library/nginx:latest
054b8ac70e8010d90f2ac00ef29e6580.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com/library/nginx:latest
# 验证现象
# 使用image子命令查看镜像列表(ls为list的简写)
[root@localhost ~]# ctr image ls
REF TYPE DIGEST SIZE PLATFORMS LABELS镜像导入
bash
# 导入nginx.tar镜像文件，--platform指定导入linux/amd64平台镜像
[root@localhost ~]# ctr images import --platform linux/amd64 nginx.tar
unpacking
054b8ac70e8010d90f2ac00ef29e6580.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com/library/nginx:latest
(sha256:84ec966e61a8c7846f509da7eb081c55c1d56817448728924a87ab32f12a72fb)...done
# 验证现象
# 使用image子命令查看镜像列表(ls为list的简写)
[root@localhost ~]# ctr image ls
REF
TYPE DIGEST
SIZE PLATFORMS
LABELS
054b8ac70e8010d90f2ac00ef29e6580.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com/library/nginx:latest application/vnd.oci.image.index.v1+json
sha256:84ec966e61a8c7846f509da7eb081c55c1d56817448728924a87ab32f12a72fb 68.9 MiB
linux/386,linux/amd64,linux/arm/v5,linux/arm/v7,linux/arm64/v8,linux/mips64le,linux/ppc64le,linux/s390x,unknown/unknown -修改镜像tag
把 054b8ac70e8010d90f2ac00ef29e6580.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com/library/nginx:latest 修改为 nginx:latest
bash
# 为镜像修改标签，将长镜像名打上nginx:latest标签
[root@localhost ~]# ctr images tag 054b8ac70e8010d90f2ac00ef29e6580.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com/library/nginx:latest nginx:latest
nginx:latest
# 验证现象
# 使用image子命令查看镜像列表(ls为list的简写)
[root@localhost ~]# ctr image ls
REF
TYPE DIGEST
SIZE PLATFORMS
LABELS
054b8ac70e8010d90f2ac00ef29e6580.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com/library/nginx:latest application/vnd.oci.image.index.v1+json
sha256:84ec966e61a8c7846f509da7eb081c55c1d56817448728924a87ab32f12a72fb 68.9 MiB
linux/386,linux/amd64,linux/arm/v5,linux/arm/v7,linux/arm64/v8,linux/mips64le,linux/ppc64le,linux/s390x,unknown/unknown -
nginx:latest
application/vnd.oci.image.index.v1+json
sha256:84ec966e61a8c7846f509da7eb081c55c1d56817448728924a87ab32f12a72fb 68.9 MiB
linux/386,linux/amd64,linux/arm/v5,linux/arm/v7,linux/arm64/v8,linux/mips64le,linux/ppc64le,linux/s390x,unknown/unknown -