Kubernetes 1.27.4 安装部署详细教程

一、环境准备

实验环境使用 kubernetes v1.27.4 Centos8 && Centos7

yum install -y vim wget

经过测试，清华大学镜像下载速度稳定快速，可供国内用户便捷使用。首先我们需要配置清华大学的EPEL安装源。具体步骤如下：

bash 复制代码

dnf -y install wget
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo
yum clean all
yum makecache
yum -y update

Kubernetes-Dashboard安装

下载地址：参考 Kubernetes-Dashboard

bash 复制代码

mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/dashboard
cd /etc/kubernetes/dashboard
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.7.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

修改文件，增加nodeport参数便于访问

vim recommended.yaml

如下:

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  # Adde by How
    type: NodePort
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
      nodePort: 32641 #指定nodePort,这样当集群重启时端口不会变更了。
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

执行安装

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[root@master01 tools]# wget  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.7.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

[root@master01 tools]# kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
-------------------output------------------------------------------------
namespace/kubernetes-dashboard created
serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/kubernetes-dashboard created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-csrf created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder created
configmap/kubernetes-dashboard-settings created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper created

查看服务是否正常运行，以及自动选择的nodeport端口

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# kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get pod                                                                                   Sat Aug 12 14:39:42 2023

NAME                                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper-5cb4f4bb9c-4gtjc   1/1     Running   0          70m
kubernetes-dashboard-6967859bff-j26lp        1/1     Running   0          70m


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@master01 tools]# kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get service kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                   TYPE       CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE
kubernetes-dashboard   NodePort   10.106.206.69   <none>        443:32641/TCP   71m

用浏览器访问控制台

访问 https://192.168.199.10:32641 即可进入控制台界面

注意：Chrome如果提示不安全连接,并且高级选项也无法进入, 在页面空白处键入 thisisunsafe 即可

访问控制

有好几种方式,这里只选择了token方式

创建管理员用户

1. 创建管理员服务帐号

首先创建一个叫admin-user的服务账号，并放在kubernetes-dashboard名称空间下：

cd /etc/kubernetes/dashboard
vim admin-user.yaml

如下

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

kubectl apply -f admin-user.yaml

2. 绑定管理员集群角色

默认情况下，kubeadm创建集群时已经创建了cluster-admin角色，我们直接绑定即可

cd /etc/kubernetes/dashboard
vim admin-user-role-binding.yaml

如下

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: admin-user
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

执行此配置

kubectl apply -f admin-user-role-binding.yaml

3. 创建管理员Token

现在我们创建admin-user用户的Token，以便用来登录dashboard：

cd /etc/kubernetes/dashboard
kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard create token admin-user
-------------------------------------------------------
此处略

4. 用管理员token登陆

把Token复制到登录界面的Token输入框中登陆 https://192.168.199.10:32641 正常登陆

5.Kubernetes Dashboard token失效时间设置

Dashboard的Token失效时间可以通过 token-ttl 参数来设置，这里我们有三种方式：【yaml、直接修改、通过Kubernetes Dashboard 】

我们这边通过kubectl 直接修改

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#kubectl edit deployment kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
------------------------------------------------
spec:
      containers:
      - args:
        - --auto-generate-certificates
        - --token-ttl=43200
        - --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard
        image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.7.0
        imagePullPolicy: Always
        livenessProbe:
          failureThreshold: 3
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 8443
            scheme: HTTPS
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          periodSeconds: 10
          successThreshold: 1
          timeoutSeconds: 30
        name: kubernetes-dashboard
        ports: