python-爬虫-爬取中华人民共和国农业农村部网站公开的农产品批发价格中的蔬菜价格周数据

中华人民共和国农业农村部 http://www.moa.gov.cn/

• 点击数据 → 点击周度数据 → 跳转网页 http://zdscxx.moa.gov.cn:8080/nyb/pc/frequency.jsp

分析

• 抓包，发现getFrequencyData里面有我们想要的数据
  

  

• 查看请求的提交参数
  

• 使用postman接口测试工具测试验证getFrequencyData里的url，发现测试返回的数据列表是空的

• 继续分析，发现需要先访问updateFrequencyConditions，再访问getFrequencyData

爬取

import requests
import uuid
import time

• 爬取第一页的数据

url1 = 'http://zdscxx.moa.gov.cn:8080/nyb/updateFrequencyConditions'
url2 = 'http://zdscxx.moa.gov.cn:8080/nyb/getFrequencyData'
data = {
    'page':'1',
    'rows':'20',
    'type':'周度数据',
    'subType':'农产品批发价格',
    'level':'0',
    'time':'["2019-37","2023-38"]',
    'product':'蔬菜'
}
headers = {
    'Cookie':'JSESSIONID=9EDB9C447A01905C7893BDE4C220CF65; yfx_c_g_u_id_10002896=_ck23091319002016340778405571397; yfx_f_l_v_t_10002896=f_t_1694602820630__r_t_1694602820630__v_t_1694602820630__r_c_0; _trs_uv=lmhmrkth_299_3qsk; wdcid=5dbb601a9ccf2804; wdses=369f04c5d15e94ad; _va_ref=%5B%22%22%2C%22%22%2C1694602920%2C%22http%3A%2F%2Fzdscxx.moa.gov.cn%3A8080%2F%22%5D; _va_ses=*; _va_id=34f0e583bc02483c.1694602920.1.1694602960.1694602920.; wdlast=1694603152',
    'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/116.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/116.0.1938.76',
    'Host':'zdscxx.moa.gov.cn:8080',
    'Origin':'http://zdscxx.moa.gov.cn:8080',
    'Referer':'http://zdscxx.moa.gov.cn:8080/nyb/pc/frequency.jsp',
    'X-Requested-With':'XMLHttpRequest'
}


s = requests.session()	# <requests.sessions.Session at 0x24b202c27f0>
r1 = s.post(url1,data=data,headers=headers)		# <Response [200]>
r2 = s.post(url2,data=data,headers=headers)		# <Response [200]>
content = r2.json()		# 得到json数据
data_list = content['result']['pageInfo']['table']
for item in data_list:
    v_data = {}
    v_data['时间'] = item['time']
    v_data['品类'] = item['product']
    v_data['指标'] = item['item']
    v_data['地区'] = item['area']
    v_data['单位'] = item['unit']
    v_data['数值'] = item['value']
    print(v_data)

• 爬取所有页面的数据，只需要修改data里面的page

for page in range(1,11):  	# 一共10页
    url1 = 'http://zdscxx.moa.gov.cn:8080/nyb/updateFrequencyConditions'
    url2 = 'http://zdscxx.moa.gov.cn:8080/nyb/getFrequencyData'
    data = {
        'page':page,
        'rows':'20',
        'type':'周度数据',
        'subType':'农产品批发价格',
        'level':'0',
        'time':'["2019-37","2023-38"]',
        'product':'蔬菜'
    }
    headers = {
        'Cookie':'JSESSIONID=9EDB9C447A01905C7893BDE4C220CF65; yfx_c_g_u_id_10002896=_ck23091319002016340778405571397; yfx_f_l_v_t_10002896=f_t_1694602820630__r_t_1694602820630__v_t_1694602820630__r_c_0; _trs_uv=lmhmrkth_299_3qsk; wdcid=5dbb601a9ccf2804; wdses=369f04c5d15e94ad; _va_ref=%5B%22%22%2C%22%22%2C1694602920%2C%22http%3A%2F%2Fzdscxx.moa.gov.cn%3A8080%2F%22%5D; _va_ses=*; _va_id=34f0e583bc02483c.1694602920.1.1694602960.1694602920.; wdlast=1694603152',
        'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/116.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/116.0.1938.76',
        'Host':'zdscxx.moa.gov.cn:8080',
        'Origin':'http://zdscxx.moa.gov.cn:8080',
        'Referer':'http://zdscxx.moa.gov.cn:8080/nyb/pc/frequency.jsp',
        'X-Requested-With':'XMLHttpRequest'
    }


    s = requests.session()	# <requests.sessions.Session at 0x24b202c27f0>
    r1 = s.post(url1,data=data,headers=headers)	# <Response [200]>
    r2 = s.post(url2,data=data,headers=headers)	# <Response [200]>
    content = r2.json()		# 得到json数据
    data_list = content['result']['pageInfo']['table']
    for item in data_list:
        v_data = {}
        v_data['时间'] = item['time']
        v_data['品类'] = item['product']
        v_data['指标'] = item['item']
        v_data['地区'] = item['area']
        v_data['单位'] = item['unit']
        v_data['数值'] = item['value']
        print(v_data)
    time.sleep(5)