rabbimq之java.net.SocketException: Connection reset与MissedHeartbeatException分析

一、前言

在android前端中接入了rabbitmq消息队列来处理业务，在手机网络环境错综复杂，网络信号不稳定，可能导致mq的频繁断开与连接，在日志中，发现有很多这样的日志，java.net.SocketException: Connection reset，接下来通过源码调试来分析下该错误可能产生的原因。MissedHeartbeatException则是在客户端在多次未收到服务端的消息后，认为服务端已经断开，则抛出该异常。

二、分析

java.net.SocketException: Connection reset在网络搜了一圈，基本上说的是客户端连接着mq，但是服务端已经断开与客户端的连接，此时客户端还在执行接收数据操作，就会发生该错误。

三、MQ的心跳机制

MQ在创建连接的时候则会进行初始化开启心跳服务initializeHeartbeatSender();

  private void initializeHeartbeatSender() {
        this._heartbeatSender = new HeartbeatSender(_frameHandler, heartbeatExecutor, threadFactory);
    }

在rabbitmq中，客户端会间隔1/2的心跳周期来定时发送心跳

java 复制代码

    /**
     * Sets the heartbeat in seconds.
     */
    public void setHeartbeat(int heartbeatSeconds) {
        synchronized(this.monitor) {
            if(this.shutdown) {
                return;
            }

            // cancel any existing heartbeat task
            if(this.future != null) {
                this.future.cancel(true);
                this.future = null;
            }

            if (heartbeatSeconds > 0) {
                // wake every heartbeatSeconds / 2 to avoid the worst case
                // where the last activity comes just after the last heartbeat
                long interval = SECONDS.toNanos(heartbeatSeconds) / 2;
                ScheduledExecutorService executor = createExecutorIfNecessary();
                Runnable task = new HeartbeatRunnable(interval);
                this.future = executor.scheduleAtFixedRate(
                    task, interval, interval, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
            }
        }
    }

发送心跳，此时如果发生IO异常，这边没处理

java 复制代码

    private final class HeartbeatRunnable implements Runnable {

        private final long heartbeatNanos;

        private HeartbeatRunnable(long heartbeatNanos) {
            this.heartbeatNanos = heartbeatNanos;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                LogUtils.log("心跳定时器发送");
                long now = System.nanoTime();

                if (now > (lastActivityTime + this.heartbeatNanos)) {
                    frameHandler.writeFrame(new Frame(AMQP.FRAME_HEARTBEAT, 0));
                    frameHandler.flush();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // ignore
            }
        }
    }

结合官方文档和客户端源代码,心跳默认超时时间是60秒，并且每隔30秒进行一次心跳检查，如果超过两次心跳检查都没有确定节点检查，则会关闭连接

3.1测试

测试用例中，将心跳周期设置为30秒

java 复制代码

public static void main(String[] args) {
        String queueName="123456";
        ExecutorService executor= Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10); 
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.0.11.211");
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setUsername("admin");
        factory.setVirtualHost("/");
        factory.setPassword("admin");
        factory.setConnectionTimeout(5000);       
        factory.setAutomaticRecoveryEnabled(false); 
        factory.setTopologyRecoveryEnabled(false);   
        factory.setRequestedHeartbeat(30);
        executor.submit(() -> {
            try {
                Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
                LogUtils.log("连接创建成功");
                connection.addShutdownListener(cause -> {
                    LogUtils.log("断开连接："+cause.getMessage()+" msg=>:"+cause.getCause());
                });
                Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
                LogUtils.log("创建通道成功：" + channel.getChannelNumber());
                channel.basicQos(30);
                channel.basicConsume(queueName, false, new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
                    @Override
                    public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) {
                        try {
                            String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                            LogUtils.log("消息："+message);
                            channel.basicReject(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            LogUtils.log("消费者异常,e:" + e.getMessage()+" consumerTag:"+consumerTag);
                        }
                    }
                });
                channel.addShutdownListener(cause -> {
                    LogUtils.log("消费者断开连接：" + cause.getMessage() + " msg=>:" + cause.getCause().toString());
                });
            } catch (Exception e) {
                LogUtils.log("发生异常："+e);
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
    }

然后将心跳的发送业务关闭

java 复制代码

 private final class HeartbeatRunnable implements Runnable {

        private final long heartbeatNanos;

        private HeartbeatRunnable(long heartbeatNanos) {
            this.heartbeatNanos = heartbeatNanos;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                LogUtils.log("心跳定时器发送");
                long now = System.nanoTime();

                if (now > (lastActivityTime + this.heartbeatNanos)) {
                  //  frameHandler.writeFrame(new Frame(AMQP.FRAME_HEARTBEAT, 0));
                  //   frameHandler.flush();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // ignore
            }
        }
    }

运行后，如下：

java 复制代码

2023-09-25 09:35:02.976=>连接创建成功
2023-09-25 09:35:02.987=>创建通道成功：1
2023-09-25 09:35:17.948=>心跳定时器发送
2023-09-25 09:35:32.948=>心跳定时器发送
2023-09-25 09:35:47.949=>心跳定时器发送
2023-09-25 09:36:02.949=>心跳定时器发送
2023-09-25 09:36:17.948=>心跳定时器发送
2023-09-25 09:36:32.948=>心跳定时器发送
2023-09-25 09:36:32.960=>消费者断开连接：connection error msg=>:java.net.SocketException: Connection reset
2023-09-25 09:36:32.962=>断开连接：connection error msg=>:java.net.SocketException: Connection reset

结果分析，服务端在3个心跳周期未检测到客户端的心跳后，则会默认客户端已经断线，则将其断开。

四、MissedHeartbeatException分析

在客户端连接MQ成功后，则开始数据服务的读取this._frameHandler.initialize(this);

java 复制代码

    private void startIoLoops() {
        if (executorService == null) {
            Thread nioThread = Environment.newThread(
                threadFactory,
                new NioLoop(socketChannelFrameHandlerFactory.nioParams, this),
                "rabbitmq-nio"
            );
            nioThread.start();
        } else {
            this.executorService.submit(new NioLoop(socketChannelFrameHandlerFactory.nioParams, this));
        }
    }

读取线程业务方法，如果frame不为空，则丢失心跳这边重置为0次，反之则开始计数丢失次数

java 复制代码

private void readFrame(Frame frame) throws IOException {
        LogUtils.log("开始读取数据");
        if (frame != null) {
            _missedHeartbeats = 0;
            if (frame.getType() == AMQP.FRAME_HEARTBEAT) {
                LogUtils.log("读取数据:心跳"); 
            } else {
                if (frame.getChannel() == 0) { // the special channel
                    _channel0.handleFrame(frame);
                } else {
                    if (isOpen()) { 
                        ChannelManager cm = _channelManager;
                        if (cm != null) {
                            ChannelN channel;
                            try {
                                channel = cm.getChannel(frame.getChannel());
                            } catch(UnknownChannelException e) { 
                                LOGGER.info("Received a frame on an unknown channel, ignoring it");
                                return;
                            }
                            channel.handleFrame(frame);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {    
        	LogUtils.log("开始读取数据frame为空"); 
            handleSocketTimeout();
        }
    }

超时机制,如果进入该业务，则_missedHeartbeats 会自动加1，如果超过一定次数，则会跑出MissedHeartbeatException

java 复制代码

    private void handleSocketTimeout() throws SocketTimeoutException {
        if (_inConnectionNegotiation) {
            throw new SocketTimeoutException("Timeout during Connection negotiation");
        }
        if (_heartbeat == 0) { // No heart-beating
            return;
        }
        LogUtils.log("handleSocketTimeout-------_missedHeartbeats心跳："+_missedHeartbeats);
        if (++_missedHeartbeats > (1)) {
            throw new MissedHeartbeatException("Heartbeat missing with heartbeat = " +
                                               _heartbeat + " seconds, for " + this.getHostAddress());
        }
    }

为了方便测试，将心跳设置为10s,将_missedHeartbeats 判断大于1则抛出MissedHeartbeatException异常

4.1测试

java 复制代码

2023-09-25 10:21:16.565=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:16.651=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:16.658=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:16.658=>连接创建成功
2023-09-25 10:21:16.669=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:16.670=>创建通道成功：1
2023-09-25 10:21:16.671=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:16.675=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:19.177=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:19.177=>开始读取数据frame为空
2023-09-25 10:21:19.177=>handleSocketTimeout-------_missedHeartbeats心跳：0
2023-09-25 10:21:21.659=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:21.659=>读取数据:心跳
2023-09-25 10:21:24.160=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:24.160=>开始读取数据frame为空
2023-09-25 10:21:24.161=>handleSocketTimeout-------_missedHeartbeats心跳：0
2023-09-25 10:21:26.659=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:26.660=>读取数据:心跳
2023-09-25 10:21:29.161=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:29.161=>开始读取数据frame为空
2023-09-25 10:21:29.161=>handleSocketTimeout-------_missedHeartbeats心跳：0
2023-09-25 10:21:31.661=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:31.661=>读取数据:心跳
2023-09-25 10:21:34.161=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:34.161=>开始读取数据frame为空
2023-09-25 10:21:34.161=>handleSocketTimeout-------_missedHeartbeats心跳：0
2023-09-25 10:21:36.662=>开始读取数据
2023-09-25 10:21:36.662=>开始读取数据frame为空
2023-09-25 10:21:36.662=>handleSocketTimeout-------_missedHeartbeats心跳：1
2023-09-25 10:21:36.668=>消费者断开连接：connection error msg=>:com.rabbitmq.client.MissedHeartbeatException: Heartbeat missing with heartbeat = 10 seconds, for 192.0.11.211
2023-09-25 10:21:36.671=>断开连接：connection error msg=>:com.rabbitmq.client.MissedHeartbeatException: Heartbeat missing with heartbeat = 10 seconds, for 192.0.11.211

上面可知，服务端会在心跳周期向客户端发送心跳，如果在客户端没收到任何消息时间段内，MissedHeartbeatException超过一定次数，则将跑出该异常，官方默认是2*4=8