文章目录
- 前言
-
- [python- excel 创建/写入/删sheet+花式遍历](#python- excel 创建/写入/删sheet+花式遍历)
-
- [1. excel 创建](#1. excel 创建)
- [2. 写入excel](#2. 写入excel)
- [3. 创建写入excel demo实战](#3. 创建写入excel demo实战)
- [4. 删除sheet](#4. 删除sheet)
- [5. excel 花式遍历 demo实战](#5. excel 花式遍历 demo实战)
-
- [5.1. 获取 A1的值](#5.1. 获取 A1的值)
- [5.2. 获取指定列的切片数据，获取 B1到B5的值](#5.2. 获取指定列的切片数据，获取 B1到B5的值)
- [5.3. 循环整个excel的这个sheet](#5.3. 循环整个excel的这个sheet)
- [5.4. 遍历指定行&列:从第2行开始至第5行，每行打印5列](#5.4. 遍历指定行&列:从第2行开始至第5行，每行打印5列)
- [5.5. 遍历指定列:从第2列第4列](#5.5. 遍历指定列:从第2列第4列)
- [5.5. 按列循环](#5.5. 按列循环)
- [6. excel 花式遍历完整demo](#6. excel 花式遍历完整demo)
前言
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python- excel 创建/写入/删sheet+花式遍历
1. excel 创建
创建一个excel放到内存里
wb = Workbook()
获取当前活动的sheet
sheet = wb.active
修改sheet名称
sheet.title = '修改的名称'
保存到本地
wb.save(路径/xx.xlsx)
2. 写入excel
打开已有文件
wb = load_workbook(path)
获取当前活动的sheet
sheet = wb.active
写入方式一、数据可以直接分配到单元格(可以输入公式)
sheet['A1'] = '你好啊'
写入方法二、可以附加行，从第一列开始附加(从最下空白处，最左开始)(可以输入多行)
sheet.append([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
sheet.append([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
写入方式三、python 类型会自动转换
sheet['B1'] = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
创建一个新的sheet
newSheet = wb.create_sheet("NewSheet")
保存
wb.save(path)
3. 创建写入excel demo实战
python
import datetime
import os
import string
import random
from openpyxl import Workbook, load_workbook
# 返回指定目录下的所有文件和目录名
def listdir(file_path):
paths = os.listdir(file_path)
print(f'返回指定目录【{file_path}】下的所有文件和目录名:{os.listdir(file_path)}')
return paths
def deleteFile(path):
# 删除该目录下所有文件
files = listdir(path)
for file_name in files:
# 函数会根据操作系统自动使用适当的分隔符,生成路径
file_path_del = os.path.join(path, file_name)
try:
if os.path.isfile(file_path_del): # 检查是否为文件
os.remove(file_path_del) # 删除文件
print(f"Deleted {file_path_del}")
else:
print(f"Skipped {file_path_del} (not a file)")
except OSError as error:
print(f"Error while deleting {file_path_del}: {error}")
# 生成随机字符串
def createNum():
v = "".join(random.sample(string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits, 10))
return v
"""
创建excel
@:param sheetName Sheet名字
@:param path 持久化路径
"""
def createExcel(sheetName, path):
# 创建一个excel放到内存里
wb = Workbook()
# 获取当前活动的sheet
sheet = wb.active
print(f'打印sheet表名:{sheet.title}')
# 修改sheet名称
sheet.title = sheetName
print(f'打印修改后的sheet表名:{sheet.title}')
# 持久化到本地
wb.save(path)
python
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
# 创建excel
excelName = f'测试-{createNum()}.xlsx'
sheetName = '测试1'
file_path = 'D:\pythonExcel'
# 清理 D:\pythonExcel下所有文件
deleteFile(file_path)
path = os.path.join(file_path, excelName)
createExcel(sheetName, path)
# 打开已有文件，并写入数据
wb = load_workbook(path)
# 获取当前活动的sheet
sheet = wb.active
# 方式一、数据可以直接分配到单元格(可以输入公式)
sheet['A1'] = '你好啊'
# 方法二、可以附加行，从第一列开始附加(从最下空白处，最左开始)(可以输入多行)
for i in range(1, 10):
sheet.append([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
sheet.append([6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10])
# 方式三、python 类型会自动转换
sheet['B1'] = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
# 创建一个新的sheet
newSheet = wb.create_sheet("NewSheet")
# 设置新sheet为活动sheet
wb.active = newSheet
newSheet.append(['测试1', '测试2', '测试3', '测试4', '测试5', '测试6', '测试7', '测试8', '测试9', '测试10'])
for i in range(1, 10):
newSheet.append([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
newSheet.append([6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10])
wb.save(path)
except Exception as e:
print(f"Exception: {e}")执行测试:
4. 删除sheet
wb.remove(sheet)
demo实战:
perl
import os
from openpyxl import load_workbook
def listdir(file_path):
paths = os.listdir(file_path)
print(f'返回指定目录【{file_path}】下的所有文件和目录名:{os.listdir(file_path)}')
return paths
if __name__ == '__main__':
path = 'D:\pythonExcel'
try:
fileName = listdir(path)
file_path =os.path.join(path, fileName[0])
# 打开已有文件
wb = load_workbook(file_path)
# 获取所有 sheet
print(f'获取所有sheet:{wb.sheetnames}')
print('删除sheet:测试1')
sheet = wb['测试1']
wb.remove(sheet)
wb.save(file_path)
# 打开已有文件
wb = load_workbook(file_path)
# 获取所有 sheet
print(f'获取所有sheet:{wb.sheetnames}')
except Exception as e:
print(f"Exception : {e}")5. excel 花式遍历 demo实战
python
import os
from openpyxl import load_workbook
def listdir(file_path):
paths = os.listdir(file_path)
print(f'返回指定目录【{file_path}】下的所有文件和目录名:{os.listdir(file_path)}')
return paths5.1. 获取 A1的值
python
if __name__ == '__main__':
path = 'D:\pythonExcel'
try:
fileName = listdir(path)
file_path =os.path.join(path, fileName[0])
# 打开已有文件
wb = load_workbook(file_path)
# 获取所有 sheet
print(f'获取所有sheet:{wb.sheetnames}')
# 获取【NewSheet】 sheet页
sheet = wb['NewSheet']
# 获取 A1的值
print('======================获取A1的值')
print(f'A1:{sheet["A1"].value}')
except Exception as e:
print(f"Exception : {e}")
5.2. 获取指定列的切片数据，获取 B1到B5的值
python
if __name__ == '__main__':
path = 'D:\pythonExcel'
try:
fileName = listdir(path)
file_path =os.path.join(path, fileName[0])
# 打开已有文件
wb = load_workbook(file_path)
# 获取所有 sheet
print(f'获取所有sheet:{wb.sheetnames}')
# 获取【NewSheet】 sheet页
sheet = wb['NewSheet']
# 获取指定列的切片数据，获取 B1到B5的值
print('======================获取指定列的切片数据，获取 B1到B5的值')
for cell in sheet["B1:B5"]:
print(f'{cell[0].coordinate}:{cell[0].value}')
# for row in cell:
# print(f'{row.coordinate}:{row.value}')
except Exception as e:
print(f"Exception : {e}")
5.3. 循环整个excel的这个sheet
python
if __name__ == '__main__':
path = 'D:\pythonExcel'
try:
fileName = listdir(path)
file_path =os.path.join(path, fileName[0])
# 打开已有文件
wb = load_workbook(file_path)
# 获取所有 sheet
print(f'获取所有sheet:{wb.sheetnames}')
# 获取【NewSheet】 sheet页
sheet = wb['NewSheet']
print('======================循环整个excel的这个sheet')
for row in sheet:
for cell in row:
print(cell.value, end=',')
print()
except Exception as e:
print(f"Exception : {e}")
5.4. 遍历指定行&列:从第2行开始至第5行，每行打印5列
python
if __name__ == '__main__':
path = 'D:\pythonExcel'
try:
fileName = listdir(path)
file_path =os.path.join(path, fileName[0])
# 打开已有文件
wb = load_workbook(file_path)
# 获取所有 sheet
print(f'获取所有sheet:{wb.sheetnames}')
# 获取【NewSheet】 sheet页
sheet = wb['NewSheet']
print('======================遍历指定行&列:从第2行开始至第5行，每行打印5列')
for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, max_row=5, max_col=5):
for cell in row:
print(cell.value, end=',')
print()
except Exception as e:
print(f"Exception : {e}")
5.5. 遍历指定列:从第2列第4列
python
if __name__ == '__main__':
path = 'D:\pythonExcel'
try:
fileName = listdir(path)
file_path =os.path.join(path, fileName[0])
# 打开已有文件
wb = load_workbook(file_path)
# 获取所有 sheet
print(f'获取所有sheet:{wb.sheetnames}')
# 获取【NewSheet】 sheet页
sheet = wb['NewSheet']
print('======================遍历指定列:从第2列第4列')
for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_col=2, max_col=4):
for cell in row:
print(cell.value, end=',')
print()
except Exception as e:
print(f"Exception : {e}")
5.5. 按列循环
python
if __name__ == '__main__':
path = 'D:\pythonExcel'
try:
fileName = listdir(path)
file_path =os.path.join(path, fileName[0])
# 打开已有文件
wb = load_workbook(file_path)
# 获取所有 sheet
print(f'获取所有sheet:{wb.sheetnames}')
# 获取【NewSheet】 sheet页
sheet = wb['NewSheet']
print('======================按列循环')
for row in sheet.columns:
for cell in row:
print(cell.value, end=',')
print()
except Exception as e:
print(f"Exception : {e}")
6. excel 花式遍历完整demo
python
import os
from openpyxl import load_workbook
def listdir(file_path):
paths = os.listdir(file_path)
print(f'返回指定目录【{file_path}】下的所有文件和目录名:{os.listdir(file_path)}')
return paths
if __name__ == '__main__':
path = 'D:\pythonExcel'
try:
fileName = listdir(path)
file_path =os.path.join(path, fileName[0])
# 打开已有文件
wb = load_workbook(file_path)
# 获取所有 sheet
print(f'获取所有sheet:{wb.sheetnames}')
# 获取【NewSheet】 sheet页
sheet = wb['NewSheet']
# 获取 A1的值
print('======================获取A1的值')
print(f'A1:{sheet["A1"].value}')
# 获取指定列的切片数据，获取 B1到B5的值
print('======================获取指定列的切片数据，获取 B1到B5的值')
for cell in sheet["B1:B5"]:
print(f'{cell[0].coordinate}:{cell[0].value}')
# for row in cell:
# print(f'{row.coordinate}:{row.value}')
print('======================循环整个excel的这个sheet')
for row in sheet:
for cell in row:
print(cell.value, end=',')
print()
print('======================遍历指定行&列:从第2行开始至第5行，每行打印5列')
for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, max_row=5, max_col=5):
for cell in row:
print(cell.value, end=',')
print()
print('======================遍历指定列:从第2列第4列')
for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_col=2, max_col=4):
for cell in row:
print(cell.value, end=',')
print()
print('======================按列循环')
for row in sheet.columns:
for cell in row:
print(cell.value, end=',')
print()
except Exception as e:
print(f"Exception : {e}")