IO
IO Server
java
复制代码
public class SocketServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//server编号和client编号对应，优缺点注释在server端
//server1();
//server2();
server3();
}
/**
* server1的缺点：
* 1、accept()方法阻塞了线程，要等客户端连接后才能继续处理（一个客户端连接，对应一个服务端处理线程）
* 2、当客户端与服务端完成一次交互后，程序就结束了
* 3、流关闭代码比较臃肿、BufferedWriter的内容需要在末尾加'\n'
* 4、交互的内容写死，不可以通过控制台输入
* 5、端口号固定、ip固定、readLine读取一行等等
*/
public static void server1() {
ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = null;
try {
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8999);
//阻塞至客户端连接成功
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
//readLine会阻塞
String s = bufferedReader.readLine();
System.out.println("服务端接收到客户端的消息:" + s);
bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
bufferedWriter.write("服务端发送消息给客户端\n");
bufferedWriter.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
//各个try catch 必须分开写，聚合成一个会导致一个流关闭异常，无法进入其他流的关闭流程
if(serverSocket != null) {
try {
serverSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
if(bufferedWriter != null) {
try {
bufferedWriter.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
//只需要关闭外层的缓冲区，其close方法内部关闭了了传入的流
//如果不关闭，只是等待jvm兜底finally，会在不确定的时间内对资源造成占用(如果是文件读写会对文件描述符fd的占用)
if (bufferedReader != null) {
try {
bufferedReader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
}
/**
* server2优点：
* 1、服务端和客户端可以任意次交互，可以连续发送消息
* 2、优化了流关闭的写法
*
* server2的缺点：
* 1、accept()方法阻塞了线程，要等客户端连接后才能继续处理（一个客户端连接，对应一个服务端处理线程）
* 2、cpu空转
* 3、ip固定等等
* 4、一个服务端只能和一个客户端交互
*/
public static void server2() {
System.out.println("请输入端口号，并等待客户端连接...");
try (BufferedReader consoleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(Integer.valueOf(consoleReader.readLine()));
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
){
System.out.println("客户端已连接，开始和客户端交互...");
//这个循环保证可以连续发送或者接收多条消息
while (true) {
if (bufferedReader.ready()) {
System.out.println("收到客户端的消息:" + bufferedReader.readLine());
}
if (consoleReader.ready()) {
printWriter.println(consoleReader.readLine());
printWriter.flush();
}
}
//只能发一次接收一次
// while (true) {
// System.out.println("收到客户端的消息:" + bufferedReader.readLine());
//
// printWriter.println(consoleReader.readLine());
// printWriter.flush();
// }
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* server3优点：
* 一个服务端可以和一个客户端交互
* 加上了线程池
*
* server3的缺点：
* 1、accept()方法阻塞了线程，要等客户端连接后才能继续处理（一个客户端连接，对应一个服务端处理线程）
* 2、cpu空转
* 3、ip固定等等
* 4、如果开启多个客户端，因System.in被服务端共享，所以服务端发送消息后，客户端会随机接收其中个别消息
*/
public static void server3() {
ThreadPoolExecutor pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(0, Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() * 2,
60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>());
System.out.println("请输入端口号，并等待客户端连接...");
try (BufferedReader consoleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(Integer.valueOf(consoleReader.readLine()));
){
//这个循环保证多个客户端连接
while (true) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
System.out.println("客户端已连接，开始和客户端交互...");
pool.submit(new Thread(()->{
try(
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
) {
while (true) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
if(bufferedReader.ready()) {
System.out.println("收到客户端"+ Thread.currentThread() +"的消息:" + bufferedReader.readLine());
}
if (consoleReader.ready()) {
printWriter.println(consoleReader.readLine());
printWriter.flush();
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
if(socket != null) {
try {
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
}));
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
IO Client
java
复制代码
public class SocketClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//client1();
//client2();
client3();
}
public static void client1() {
Socket socket = null;
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = null;
try {
socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8999);
bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
//换行符必不可少，不然服务端readLine()无法判断一行已经写完
bufferedWriter.write("客户端发送消息给服务端\n");
bufferedWriter.flush();
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
String s = bufferedReader.readLine();
System.out.println("客户端接收到服务端的消息:" + s);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
if(socket != null) {
try {
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
if(bufferedWriter != null) {
try {
bufferedWriter.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
if (bufferedReader != null) {
try {
bufferedReader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
}
public static void client2() {
System.out.println("请输入端口号:");
try (
BufferedReader consoleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", Integer.valueOf(consoleReader.readLine()));
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
){
System.out.println("连接成功，开始和服务端交互");
//可以连续发送或者接收多条消息
while (true) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
if (bufferedReader.ready()) {
System.out.println("收到服务端的消息:" + bufferedReader.readLine());
}
if (consoleReader.ready()) {
printWriter.println(consoleReader.readLine());
printWriter.flush();
}
}
//只能发一次接收一次
// while (true) {
// printWriter.println(consoleReader.readLine());
// printWriter.flush();
//
// System.out.println("收到服务端的消息:" + bufferedReader.readLine());
// }
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public static void client3() {
System.out.println("请输入端口号:");
try (
BufferedReader consoleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", Integer.valueOf(consoleReader.readLine()));
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
){
System.out.println("连接成功，开始和服务端交互");
//可以连续发送或者接收多条消息
while (true) {
if (bufferedReader.ready()) {
System.out.println("收到服务端的消息:" + bufferedReader.readLine());
}
if (consoleReader.ready()) {
printWriter.println(consoleReader.readLine());
printWriter.flush();
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
NIO
NIO Server
java
复制代码
public class SocketServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//server1();
//server2();
//server3();
//server4();
server5();
}
/**
* 优点：NIO非阻塞方式，连接不会阻塞、读写不会阻塞
* 缺点：
* 1、当客户端与服务端完成一次交互后，程序就结束了
* 2、交互的内容写死，不可以通过控制台输入
* 3、cpu空转
* 4、未使用selector多路复用器，其编程其实还是类似与BIO形式（服务端还是每个线程对应一个客户端）
*/
private static void server1() {
try (
ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
){
serverSocketChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(9999));
serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
//accept设置了非阻塞，因此需要放置在循环中使用，否则程序直接结束了
while (true) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
SocketChannel socketChannel = serverSocketChannel.accept();
if(socketChannel != null) {
System.out.println("客户端已连接，开始和客户端交互...");
socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
ByteBuffer readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
socketChannel.read(readBuffer);
readBuffer.clear();
System.out.println("接收到客户端消息: " + new String(readBuffer.array(), "utf-8").trim());
ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap("发送消息给客户端".getBytes());
socketChannel.write(writeBuffer);
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* 改良：
* 1、支持客户端和服务端一对一交互，多发
* 缺点：
* 1、不支持一个客户端对多个服务端
* 2、如果开启多个客户端，因System.in被服务端共享，所以服务端发送消息后，客户端会随机接收其中个别消息
* 3、cpu空转
* 4、未使用selector多路复用器，其编程其实还是类似与BIO形式（服务端还是每个线程对应一个客户端）
*/
private static void server2() {
try (
ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
BufferedReader consoleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
){
serverSocketChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(9999));
serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
//accept设置了非阻塞，因此需要放置在循环中使用，否则程序直接结束了
while (true) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
SocketChannel socketChannel = serverSocketChannel.accept();
if(socketChannel != null) {
System.out.println("客户端已连接，开始和客户端交互...");
socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
ByteBuffer readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
while (true) {
if(socketChannel.read(readBuffer) > 0) {
System.out.println("接收到客户端消息: " + new String(readBuffer.array(), "utf-8").trim());
readBuffer.clear();
}
if (consoleReader.ready()) {
ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(consoleReader.readLine().getBytes());
socketChannel.write(writeBuffer);
writeBuffer.clear();
}
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* 改良：
* 1、支持一个客户端对多个服务端
* 缺点：
* 1、cpu空转
* 2、未使用selector多路复用器，其编程其实还是类似与BIO形式（服务端还是每个线程对应一个客户端）
*/
private static void server3() {
try (
ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
BufferedReader consoleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
) {
serverSocketChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(9999));
serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
List<SocketChannel> socketChannels = new ArrayList<>();
//accept设置了非阻塞，因此需要放置在循环中使用，否则程序直接结束了
while (true) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
boolean ready = consoleReader.ready();
byte[] bytes = null;
if (ready) {
bytes = consoleReader.readLine().getBytes();
}
//调用一次accept再次使用会变成成null，除非有新的客户端连接
SocketChannel socketChannel = serverSocketChannel.accept();
if (socketChannel != null) {
socketChannels.add(socketChannel);
socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
System.out.println("客户端已连接，开始和客户端交互...");
}
for (SocketChannel channel : socketChannels) {
ByteBuffer readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
if (channel.read(readBuffer) > 0) {
System.out.println("接收到客户端消息: " + new String(readBuffer.array(), "utf-8").trim());
readBuffer.clear();
}
if (ready) {
ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
channel.write(writeBuffer);
writeBuffer.clear();
}
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* 改良：
* 1、支持一个客户端对多个服务端 (服务端发送消息，客户端都能收到，所有客户端发送消息服务端都能收到)
* 2、相对与server3多线程方式，服务端只需要启动一个主线程即可与所有客户端交互，
* 缺点：
* 1、cpu空转
* 2、未使用selector多路复用器，其编程其实还是类似与BIO形式（服务端还是每个线程对应一个客户端）
*/
static final List<SocketChannel> socketChannels4 = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
private static void server4() {
try (
ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
BufferedReader consoleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
) {
serverSocketChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(9999));
serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
//accept设置了非阻塞，因此需要放置在循环中使用，否则程序直接结束了
while (true) {
SocketChannel socketChannel = serverSocketChannel.accept();
if (socketChannel != null) {
System.out.println("客户端已连接，开始和客户端交互...");
socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
socketChannels4.add(socketChannel);
}
Iterator<SocketChannel> iterator = socketChannels4.iterator();
boolean ready = consoleReader.ready();
byte[] writeBytes = null;
if (ready) {
writeBytes = consoleReader.readLine().getBytes();
}
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
ByteBuffer readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
SocketChannel channel = iterator.next();
if (channel.read(readBuffer) > 0) {
System.out.println("接收到客户端消息: " + new String(readBuffer.array(), "utf-8").trim());
readBuffer.clear();
}
if (ready) {
ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(writeBytes);
channel.write(writeBuffer);
writeBuffer.clear();
}
}
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* 改良：
* 1、支持一个客户端对多个服务端 (服务端发送消息，客户端都能收到，所有客户端发送消息服务端都能收到)
* 2、相对与server3多线程方式，服务端只需要启动一个主线程即可与所有客户端交互，
* 缺点：
* 1、cpu空转
* 2、未使用selector多路复用器，其编程其实还是类似与BIO形式（服务端还是每个线程对应一个客户端）
*/
private static void server5() {
try (ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
Selector selector = Selector.open();
BufferedReader consoleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
) {
serverSocketChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(9999));
serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
//将serverSocketChannel注册到selector, 并监听accept事件
serverSocketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
List<SocketChannel> socketChannels = new ArrayList<>();
while (true) {
//非阻塞
selector.select(1000);
Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey selectionKey = iterator.next();
if(selectionKey.isAcceptable()) {
SocketChannel socketChannel = serverSocketChannel.accept();
System.out.println("客户端已连接，开始和客户端交互...");
socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
socketChannels.add(socketChannel);
} else if(selectionKey.isReadable()) {
SocketChannel socketChannel = (SocketChannel)selectionKey.channel();
ByteBuffer readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
if (socketChannel.read(readBuffer) > 0) {
System.out.println("接收到客户端消息: " + new String(readBuffer.array(), "utf-8").trim());
readBuffer.clear();
}
}
iterator.remove();
}
if(consoleReader.ready()) {
byte[] bytes = consoleReader.readLine().getBytes();
for (SocketChannel socketChannel : socketChannels) {
ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
socketChannel.write(writeBuffer);
writeBuffer.clear();
}
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
NIO Client
java
复制代码
public class SocketClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//client1();
//client2_3_4();
client5();
}
private static void client1() {
try (
SocketChannel socketChannel = SocketChannel.open();
){
socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 9999));
while (!socketChannel.finishConnect()) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("正在连接客户端...");
}
ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap("向服务端发送消息".getBytes());
socketChannel.write(writeBuffer);
writeBuffer.clear();
ByteBuffer readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
while (true) {
if(socketChannel.read(readBuffer) > 0) {
System.out.println("接收到服务端消息: " + new String(readBuffer.array(), "utf-8").trim());
readBuffer.clear();
break;
}
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
private static void client2_3_4() {
try (
SocketChannel socketChannel = SocketChannel.open();
BufferedReader consoleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
){
socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 9999));
while (!socketChannel.finishConnect()) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println("正在连接客户端...");
}
ByteBuffer readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
while (true) {
if(socketChannel.read(readBuffer) > 0) {
System.out.println("接收到服务端消息: " + new String(readBuffer.array(), "utf-8").trim());
readBuffer.clear();
}
if (consoleReader.ready()) {
ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(consoleReader.readLine().getBytes());
socketChannel.write(writeBuffer);
writeBuffer.clear();
}
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
private static void client5() {
try (
SocketChannel socketChannel = SocketChannel.open(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 9999));
Selector selector = Selector.open();
BufferedReader consoleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
){
socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
while (true) {
selector.select(1000);
Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey selectionKey = iterator.next();
if (selectionKey.isReadable()) {
SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) selectionKey.channel();
ByteBuffer readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
if(channel.read(readBuffer) > 0) {
System.out.println("接收到服务端消息: " + new String(readBuffer.array(), "utf-8").trim());
readBuffer.clear();
}
}
iterator.remove();
}
if (consoleReader.ready()){
ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(consoleReader.readLine().getBytes());
socketChannel.write(writeBuffer);
writeBuffer.clear();
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}