文章目录
前言
JSONModel 是一个用于 Objective-C 的开源库,它用于简化 JSON 数据与 iOS 应用中的数据模型之间的转换。
其最主要的优点就是简化 JSON
数据解析与减少模型代码的编写,JSONModel
可以将json
数据直接映射到我们的对象 中,对于我们获取的数据更加方便。同时对于模型的嵌套数据的获取更加便捷。
一、导入JSONModel
这里笔者在先前的博客中已经讲的很详细,不再赘述,详见【iOS】Cocoapods的安装以及使用
二、JSONModel的基本使用
单单讲解JSONModel理论知识过于抽象,笔者将会给出例子来对JSONModel进行讲解,JSONModel请求的网络数据的API如下:API
通过上图我们可以看到我们的Json
数据共有三个字段,这三个字段就可以成为我们JSONModel
类中的属性
1.基本用法
我们首先创建一个继承于JSONModel的TestModel,然后将字段作为该类中的属性
objectivec
#import "JSONModel.h"
#import "Manager.h"
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN
//{
// "status":1,
// "msg":"【更新内容】\r\n\r\n★ 多图有标记 流量壕忽略\r\n★ 出门前离线 没网也能看\r\n★ 喜欢请好评 不喜快吐槽\r\n★ 萌妹工程师 邮箱在下面\r\nmua@zhihu.com\r\n(一般人我们不告诉他)",
// "latest":"2.5"
//}
@interface TestModel : JSONModel
@property (nonatomic, assign) int status;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *msg;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *latest;
@end
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END
然后我们在进行网络请求时将我们请求到的数据导入到我们的Model中
objectivec
[manager GET:url parameters:nil headers:nil progress:nil success:^(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nonnull task, id _Nullable responseObject) {
TestModel *testModel = [[TestModel alloc] initWithDictionary:responseObject error:nil];
NSLog(@"%@", testModel);
} failure:^(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nullable task, NSError * _Nonnull error) {
NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
}];
然后我们打印的到了如下数据
2.模型集合
但是如果对于我们的Json数据中有着key的嵌套,那么就会这样输出就会出现一些问题
例如此时我们请求的json数据如下:
objectivec
{
"date":"20231018",
"stories":[
{
"image_hue":"0xb3a27d",
"title":"长平之战,廉颇主张防守,是对是错?",
"url":"https:\/\/daily.zhihu.com\/story\/9766453",
"hint":"众人皆醒我独醉 · 7 分钟阅读",
"ga_prefix":"101807",
"images":[
"https:\/\/picx.zhimg.com\/v2-e3db2cb91bb097c111072487caf70737.jpg?source=8673f162"
],
"type":0,
"id":9766453
},
{
"image_hue":"0x6d502d",
"title":"不用化肥,如何让没有肥力的土地快速变得有肥?",
"url":"https:\/\/daily.zhihu.com\/story\/9766437",
"hint":"刘文龙PhD · 5 分钟阅读",
"ga_prefix":"101807",
"images":[
"https:\/\/picx.zhimg.com\/v2-709e63e4a8870b25887454f4f587234b.jpg?source=8673f162"
],
"type":0,
"id":9766437
},
{
"image_hue":"0x7c5b26",
"title":"瞎扯 · 如何正确地吐槽",
"url":"https:\/\/daily.zhihu.com\/story\/9766461",
"hint":"VOL.3215",
"ga_prefix":"101806",
"images":[
"https:\/\/picx.zhimg.com\/v2-924083b893973c3ae7d12b9c11155d8d.jpg?source=8673f162"
],
"type":0,
"id":9766461
}
],
"top_stories":[
{
"image_hue":"0xb3a27d",
"hint":"作者 \/ 众人皆醒我独醉",
"url":"https:\/\/daily.zhihu.com\/story\/9766453",
"image":"https:\/\/picx.zhimg.com\/v2-b3b010976682ab3b7ba240c318e3cf9b.jpg?source=8673f162",
"title":"长平之战,廉颇主张防守,是对是错?",
"ga_prefix":"101807",
"type":0,
"id":9766453
},
{
"image_hue":"0xb37229",
"hint":"作者 \/ 匿名用户",
"url":"https:\/\/daily.zhihu.com\/story\/9766426",
"image":"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-15928648a5270b506392f48a7eee2d8c.jpg?source=8673f162",
"title":"你曾经被哪些自己所学专业的鬼畜知识震惊过?",
"ga_prefix":"101707",
"type":0,
"id":9766426
},
{
"image_hue":"0x3b3045",
"hint":"作者 \/ 单长殷",
"url":"https:\/\/daily.zhihu.com\/story\/9766350",
"image":"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-52190997fe05a0af480a2ae26c3775a9.jpg?source=8673f162",
"title":"小事 · 哪些时刻让你体会到「知识的实用与浪漫」?",
"ga_prefix":"101407",
"type":0,
"id":9766350
}
]
}
Model属性如下:
objectivec
//声明网络请求中要接受数据的两个协议
@protocol StoriesModel
@end
@protocol Top_StoriesModel
@end
#import "JSONModel.h"
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN
@interface StoriesModel : JSONModel
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* image_hue;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* title;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* url;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* hint;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* ga_prefix;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* type;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* id;
@end
@interface Top_StoriesModel : JSONModel
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* image_hue;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* hint;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* url;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* title;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* ga_prefix;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* type;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* id;
@end
@interface TestModel3 : JSONModel
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *date;//三个同类型的
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSArray<StoriesModel>* stories;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSArray<Top_StoriesModel>* top_stories;
@end
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END
注意:NSArray后的<>包含一个协议。这与OC泛型系统不同。它们不是相互排斥的,但是对于JSONModel来说,协议必须到位。
此时我们仍然直接打印我们的Model
objectivec
[manager GET:url parameters:nil headers:nil progress:nil success:^(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nonnull task, id _Nullable responseObject) {
TestModel3 *testModel = [[TestModel3 alloc] initWithDictionary:responseObject error:nil];
NSLog(@"%@", testModel);
mainModelBolck(testModel);
} failure:^(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nullable task, NSError * _Nonnull error) {
NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
}];
出现如下结果:
objectivec
<TestModel3>
[date]: 20231018
[stories]: (
"<StoriesModel> \n [image_hue]: 0xb3a27d\n [ga_prefix]: 101807\n [id]: 9766453\n [title]: \U957f\U5e73\U4e4b\U6218\Uff0c\U5ec9\U9887\U4e3b\U5f20\U9632\U5b88\Uff0c\U662f\U5bf9\U662f\U9519\Uff1f\n [hint]: \U4f17\U4eba\U7686\U9192\U6211\U72ec\U9189 \U00b7 7 \U5206\U949f\U9605\U8bfb\n [type]: 0\n [url]: https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9766453\n</StoriesModel>",
"<StoriesModel> \n [image_hue]: 0x6d502d\n [ga_prefix]: 101807\n [id]: 9766437\n [title]: \U4e0d\U7528\U5316\U80a5\Uff0c\U5982\U4f55\U8ba9\U6ca1\U6709\U80a5\U529b\U7684\U571f\U5730\U5feb\U901f\U53d8\U5f97\U6709\U80a5\Uff1f\n [hint]: \U5218\U6587\U9f99PhD \U00b7 5 \U5206\U949f\U9605\U8bfb\n [type]: 0\n [url]: https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9766437\n</StoriesModel>",
"<StoriesModel> \n [image_hue]: 0x40312d\n [ga_prefix]: 101807\n [id]: 9766445\n [title]: \U5982\U679c\U6c38\U751f\U4eba\U7c7b\U7ec6\U80de\U300c\U6d77\U62c9\U7ec6\U80de\U300d\U6cc4\U9732\U4e86\U4f1a\U6709\U5371\U9669\U5417\Uff1f\n [hint]: \U567c\U91cc\U556a\U5566\U7830 \U00b7 1 \U5206\U949f\U9605\U8bfb\n [type]: 0\n [url]: https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9766445\n</StoriesModel>",
"<StoriesModel> \n [image_hue]: 0x6d9c95\n [ga_prefix]: 101807\n [id]: 9766457\n [title]: \U5fae\U8f6f\U7b97\U6cd5\U9762\U8bd5\U9898\U300c\U5224\U65ad\U9ebb\U5c06\U662f\U5426\U548c\U724c\U300d\U5e94\U8be5\U5982\U4f55\U505a\Uff1f\n [hint]: \U8001\U987d\U7ae5 \U00b7 22 \U5206\U949f\U9605\U8bfb\n [type]: 0\n [url]: https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9766457\n</StoriesModel>",
"<StoriesModel> \n [image_hue]: 0x7c5b26\n [ga_prefix]: 101806\n [id]: 9766461\n [title]: \U778e\U626f \U00b7 \U5982\U4f55\U6b63\U786e\U5730\U5410\U69fd\n [hint]: VOL.3215\n [type]: 0\n [url]: https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9766461\n</StoriesModel>"
)
[top_stories]: (
"<Top_StoriesModel> \n [image_hue]: 0xb3a27d\n [ga_prefix]: 101807\n [id]: 9766453\n [title]: \U957f\U5e73\U4e4b\U6218\Uff0c\U5ec9\U9887\U4e3b\U5f20\U9632\U5b88\Uff0c\U662f\U5bf9\U662f\U9519\Uff1f\n [hint]: \U4f5c\U8005 / \U4f17\U4eba\U7686\U9192\U6211\U72ec\U9189\n [type]: 0\n [url]: https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9766453\n</Top_StoriesModel>",
"<Top_StoriesModel> \n [image_hue]: 0xb37229\n [ga_prefix]: 101707\n [id]: 9766426\n [title]: \U4f60\U66fe\U7ecf\U88ab\U54ea\U4e9b\U81ea\U5df1\U6240\U5b66\U4e13\U4e1a\U7684\U9b3c\U755c\U77e5\U8bc6\U9707\U60ca\U8fc7\Uff1f\n [hint]: \U4f5c\U8005 / \U533f\U540d\U7528\U6237\n [type]: 0\n [url]: https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9766426\n</Top_StoriesModel>",
"<Top_StoriesModel> \n [image_hue]: 0x2e6889\n [ga_prefix]: 101607\n [id]: 9766400\n [title]: \U4e3a\U4ec0\U4e48\U6709\U300c\U597d\U5403\U300d\U7684\U8bf4\U6cd5\Uff0c\U6ca1\U6709\U300c\U574f\U5403\U300d\U7684\U8bf4\U6cd5\Uff1f\n [hint]: \U4f5c\U8005 / \U591a\U90bb\U56fdDuolingo\n [type]: 0\n [url]: https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9766400\n</Top_StoriesModel>",
"<Top_StoriesModel> \n [image_hue]: 0x8f8164\n [ga_prefix]: 101507\n [id]: 9766378\n [title]: \U5c0f\U4e8b \U00b7 \U6709\U54ea\U4e9b\U8ba9\U4f60\U5fc3\U9178\U7684\U6545\U4e8b\Uff1f\n [hint]: \U4f5c\U8005 / \U9ec4\U4e0d\U4f1a\n [type]: 0\n [url]: https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9766378\n</Top_StoriesModel>",
"<Top_StoriesModel> \n [image_hue]: 0x3b3045\n [ga_prefix]: 101407\n [id]: 9766350\n [title]: \U5c0f\U4e8b \U00b7 \U54ea\U4e9b\U65f6\U523b\U8ba9\U4f60\U4f53\U4f1a\U5230\U300c\U77e5\U8bc6\U7684\U5b9e\U7528\U4e0e\U6d6a\U6f2b\U300d\Uff1f\n [hint]: \U4f5c\U8005 / \U5355\U957f\U6bb7\n [type]: 0\n [url]: https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9766350\n</Top_StoriesModel>"
)
</TestModel3>
因为我们的StoriesModel
与Top_StoriesModel
属于是被TestModel3
嵌套的Model,因此我们直接打印TestModel3
的对象时stories
与top_stories
中的数据时打印 得到的是其并未转换为NSString的数据,而是Unicode 转义序列的字符串
如果我们想要得到里面的对象转换为字符串的数据,我们需要事先声明一个嵌套的Model属性
objectivec
@property (nonatomic, copy)StoriesModel *t;
然后将大Model中的数组赋值给小Model
objectivec
TestModel3 *testModel = [[TestModel3 alloc] initWithDictionary:responseObject error:nil];
self.t = testModel.stories[0];
NSLog(@"%@", self.t);
打印得到:
我们的
testModel
中的两个NSArray
中的对象类型是两个协议,这两个协议的作用是定义了数据模型的接口规范,以便JSONModel
库知道如何将JSON
数据映射到具体的对象。通过采用这种方式,可以更灵活地定义数据模型对象,适应不同类型的数据,并在解析JSON
数据时保持一致性。这使得你可以更容易地将
JSON
数据映射到相应的数据模型对象,以便在应用中使用这些数据。
3.模型导出为NSDictionary或JSON
objectivec
ProductModel *pm = [ProductModel new];
pm.name = @"Some Name";
// convert to dictionary
NSDictionary *dict = [pm toDictionary];
// convert to json
NSString *string = [pm toJSONString];
4.设置所有属性可选(所有属性值可以为空)
设置所有属性可选的意义在于即使我们解析Json
数据时即使返回为空也不会导致程序崩溃
objectivec
@implementation TestModel3
+ (BOOL)propertyIsOptional:(NSString *)propertyName {
return YES;
}
@end
@implementation StoriesModel
+ (BOOL)propertyIsOptional:(NSString *)propertyName {
return YES;
}
@end
@implementation Top_StoriesModel
+ (BOOL)propertyIsOptional:(NSString *)propertyName {
return YES;
}
@end
但是官方建议尽量避免使用该方法(即使要全部属性为可选,也尽量是在每个属性那里标注为Optional)
objectivec
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString<Optional>* optionalProperty;
5.下划线(蛇式)转驼峰命名法
objectivec
{
"order_id": 104,
"order_product": "Product #1",
"order_price": 12.95
}
objectivec
@interface OrderModel : JSONModel
@property (nonatomic) NSInteger orderId;
@property (nonatomic) NSString *orderProduct;
@property (nonatomic) float orderPrice;
@end
@implementation OrderModel
+ (JSONKeyMapper *)keyMapper
{
return [JSONKeyMapper mapperFromUnderscoreCaseToCamelCase];
}
@end