基于Canal同步MySQL数据到Elasticsearch

基于 canal 同步 mysql 的数据到 elasticsearch 中。

1、canal-server

相关软件的安装请参考：《Canal实现数据同步》

1.1 pom依赖

xml 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>canal-to-elasticsearch</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>canal-to-elasticsearch</name>
    <description>canal to elasticsearch</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.otter</groupId>
            <artifactId>canal.client</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

1.2 SimpleCanalClientExample编写

java 复制代码

package com.example.canatest.config;

import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnector;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnectors;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.CanalEntry;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.Message;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 说明：用于测试canal是否已经连接上了mysql
 */
public class SimpleCanalClientExample {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        // 创建链接
        CanalConnector connector = CanalConnectors.newSingleConnector(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.94.186",
                11111), "example", "", "");
        int batchSize = 1000;
        int emptyCount = 0;
        try {
            connector.connect();
            connector.subscribe(".*\\..*");
            connector.rollback();
            int totalEmptyCount = 120;
            while (emptyCount < totalEmptyCount) {
                // 获取指定数量的数据
                Message message = connector.getWithoutAck(batchSize);
                long batchId = message.getId();
                int size = message.getEntries().size();
                if (batchId == -1 || size == 0) {
                    emptyCount++;
                    System.out.println("empty count : " + emptyCount);
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    }
                } else {
                    emptyCount = 0;
                    // System.out.printf("message[batchId=%s,size=%s] \n", batchId, size);
                    printEntry(message.getEntries());
                }
                connector.ack(batchId); // 提交确认
                // connector.rollback(batchId); // 处理失败, 回滚数据
            }
            System.out.println("empty too many times, exit");
        } finally {
            connector.disconnect();
        }
    }

    private static void printEntry(List<CanalEntry.Entry> entrys) {
        for (CanalEntry.Entry entry : entrys) {
            if (entry.getEntryType() == CanalEntry.EntryType.TRANSACTIONBEGIN || entry.getEntryType() == CanalEntry.EntryType.TRANSACTIONEND) {
                continue;
            }
            CanalEntry.RowChange rowChage = null;
            try {
                rowChage = CanalEntry.RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("ERROR ## parser of eromanga-event has an error , data:" + entry.toString(),
                        e);
            }
            CanalEntry.EventType eventType = rowChage.getEventType();
            System.out.println(String.format("================&gt; binlog[%s:%s] , name[%s,%s] , eventType : %s",
                    entry.getHeader().getLogfileName(), entry.getHeader().getLogfileOffset(),
                    entry.getHeader().getSchemaName(), entry.getHeader().getTableName(),
                    eventType));
            for (CanalEntry.RowData rowData : rowChage.getRowDatasList()) {
                if (eventType == CanalEntry.EventType.DELETE) {
                    printColumn(rowData.getBeforeColumnsList());
                } else if (eventType == CanalEntry.EventType.INSERT) {
                    printColumn(rowData.getAfterColumnsList());
                } else {
                    System.out.println("-------&gt; before");
                    printColumn(rowData.getBeforeColumnsList());
                    System.out.println("-------&gt; after");
                    printColumn(rowData.getAfterColumnsList());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static void printColumn(List<CanalEntry.Column> columns) {
        for (CanalEntry.Column column : columns) {
            System.out.println(column.getName() + " : " + column.getValue() + "    update=" + column.getUpdated());
        }
    }
}

注意当后面canal-adapter也连接上canal-server后，程序就监听不到数据变化了。

这个类只是测试，下面不使用。

2、canal-adapter

由于目前canal-adapter没有官方docker镜像，所以拉去一个非官方的。

canal-adapter安装：

搜索镜像

shell 复制代码

$ docker search canal-adapter

拉取镜像

shell 复制代码

$ docker pull slpcat/canal-adapter:v1.1.5

启动

shell 复制代码

$ docker run -p 8081:8081 --name canal-adapter -d slpcat/canal-adapter:v1.1.5

修改配置

shell 复制代码

$ docker exec -it 89ef714d3a0e /bin/bash
$ cd conf/
$ vi application.yml

yaml 复制代码

server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  jackson:
    date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
    time-zone: GMT+8
    default-property-inclusion: non_null
canal.conf:
  mode: tcp #tcp kafka rocketMQ rabbitMQ
  flatMessage: true
  zookeeperHosts:
  syncBatchSize: 1000
  retries: 0
  timeout:
  accessKey:
  secretKey:
  consumerProperties:
    # canal tcp consumer
    # canal.tcp.server.host需要修改
    canal.tcp.server.host: 192.168.94.186:11111
    canal.tcp.zookeeper.hosts:
    canal.tcp.batch.size: 500
    canal.tcp.username:
    canal.tcp.password:
  srcDataSources:
    defaultDS:
      # url,username,password需要修改
      url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.94.186:3306/canal_test?useUnicode=true
      username: canal
      password: canal
  canalAdapters:
  - instance: example # canal instance Name or mq topic name
    groups:
    - groupId: g1
      outerAdapters:
      - name: logger
      # name需要修改
      - name: es7
        # hosts需要修改
        hosts: 192.168.94.186:9200 # 127.0.0.1:9200 for rest mode
        properties:
          mode: rest
          # security.auth: test:123456 #  only used for rest mode
          # cluster.name需要修改
          cluster.name: my-es

shell 复制代码

$ cd conf/es7
$ cp -v mytest_user.yml canal_test_collect.yml
# 删除其他多余的
$ rm -rf biz_order.yml customer.yml mytest_user.yml
$ vi dailyhub_collect.yml

yaml 复制代码

dataSourceKey: defaultDS
# 需要修改
destination: example
# 需要修改
groupId: g1
esMapping:
  # 需要修改
  _index: canal_test
  _id: _id
  _type: _doc
  upsert: true
#  pk: id
  # 需要修改
  sql: "
SELECT
        c.id AS _id,
        c.user_id AS userId,
        c.title AS title,
        c.url AS url,
        c.note AS note,
        c.collected AS collected,
        c.created AS created,
        c.personal AS personal,
        u.username AS username,
        u.avatar AS userAvatar
FROM
        m_collect c
LEFT JOIN m_user u ON c.user_id = u.id

"
#  objFields:
#    _labels: array:;
#   etlCondition: "where c.c_time>={}"
  commitBatch: 3000

也可以在外面编辑好，通过docker命令传输到docker容器中：

shell 复制代码

$ docker cp canal_test_collect.yml canal-adapter:/opt/canal-adapter/conf/es7/canal_test_collect.yml
$ docker cp application.yml canal-adapter:/opt/canal-adapter/conf/application.yml

重启容器

shell 复制代码

$ docker restart 89ef714d3a0e

验证是否启动成功

shell 复制代码

$ docker logs -f 89ef714d3a0e

注意对于时间类型，在后端一定要使用LocalDateTime或者LocalDate类型，如果是Date类型，需要自己手动

设置格式。

3、测试

准备测试条件：

1、首先在数据库中生成表和字段

mysql 复制代码

CREATE TABLE `m_user` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `avatar` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `created` date DEFAULT NULL,
  `lasted` date DEFAULT NULL,
  `open_id` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `statu` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `username` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

CREATE TABLE `m_collect` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `collected` date DEFAULT NULL,
  `created` date DEFAULT NULL,
  `note` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `personal` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `title` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `url` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `user_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `FK6yx2mr7fgvv204y8jw5ubsn7h` (`user_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK6yx2mr7fgvv204y8jw5ubsn7h` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `m_user` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=19 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

2、然后在elasticsearch中生成索引

json 复制代码

# 创建索引并添加映射字段
PUT /canal_test
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "collected": {
        "type": "date",
        "format": "date_optional_time||epoch_millis"
      },
      "created": {
        "type": "date",
        "format": "date_optional_time||epoch_millis"
      },
      "note": {
        "type": "text",
        "analyzer": "ik_max_word",
        "search_analyzer": "ik_smart"
      },
      "personal": {
        "type": "integer"
      },
      "title": {
        "type": "text",
        "analyzer": "ik_max_word",
        "search_analyzer": "ik_smart"
      },
      "url": {
        "type": "text"
      },
      "userAvatar": {
        "type": "text"
      },
      "userId": {
        "type": "long"
      },
      "username": {
        "type": "keyword"
      }
    }
  }
}

3、插入数据

mysql 复制代码

INSERT INTO `m_user` VALUES ('1', 'https://image-1300566513.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/upload../../images/5a9f48118166308daba8b6da7e466aab.jpg', '2022-01-05', '2022-01-06', 'ozWZ-uAOY2iecT-byynO382u01zg', '0', 'MarkerHub');

4、查看数据

shell 复制代码

GET /canal_test/_search

5、遇到的问题

如果看到canal-adapter一直出现这种异常，说明启动顺序不对，启动顺序应该是：mysql、es、canal、

adapar：

shell 复制代码

2022-01-11 10:43:15.278 [Thread-2] ERROR c.a.otter.canal.adapter.launcher.loader.AdapterProcessor - com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.exception.CanalClientException: java.io.IOException: Broken pipe Error sync but ACK!