🤷♀️🤷♀️🤷♀️ 今天给大家分享一下Java实现一个简易的图书管理系统!🌂c/java领域新星创作者
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目录
一、找到抽象化的对象
1.书类
经过分析,我们可以知道,书可以抽象成一个类型。它的属性包括:书名,作者,价格,书的类型等等...我们就先以这些为例。为了保持封装性,我们把这些属性都设置成private修饰的。
下面是书类的定义代码:
这段代码包括一些构造函数以及设置书的属性、重写String函数等。
java
public class Book {
private String name;
private String author;
private int price;
private String type;
private boolean isBorrowed;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public boolean isBorrowed() {
return isBorrowed;
}
public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
isBorrowed = borrowed;
}
public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
this.name = name;
this.author = author;
this.price = price;
this.type = type;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", author='" + author + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
((isBorrowed==true)?"已借出!":"未借出!") +
'}';
}
}
2.书架类
我们可以利用一个数组来存放这些书籍,并记录当前存放书籍的数量,为后续的增删查改做准备,同时初始化有三本书籍。
下面是代码:
java
public class BookList {
private Book[] books;
private int usedSize;//记录当前书架上实际存放的书的数量
public BookList(){
this.books=new Book[10];
this.books[0]=new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",18,"小说");
this.books[1]=new Book("西游记","吴承恩",28,"小说");
this.books[2]=new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",35,"小说");
this.usedSize=3;
}
//获取当前存放书籍数量
public int getUsedSize() {
return usedSize;
}
//设置存放书籍数量
public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
this.usedSize = usedSize;
}
//返回下标为pos的书籍
public Book getBook(int pos){
return books[pos];
}
//设置下标为pos位置的书籍为book
public void setBook(int pos,Book book){
books[pos]=book;
}
//返回书籍这个数组
public Book[] getBooks(){
return books;
}
}
二、管理员与普通用户登录
首先定义一个用户抽象类,再定义管理员与普通用户去继承抽象类并重写菜单方法。
下面是用户抽象类代码:
java
abstract public class User {
protected String name;
protected IOPeration[] ioPerations;
public User(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public abstract int menu();
public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList){
ioPerations[choice].work(bookList);
}
}
管理员类代码:
java
public class AdiminUser extends User{
public AdiminUser(String name){
super(name);
this.ioPerations=new IOPeration[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new AddOperation(),
new DelOperation(),
new ShowOperation()
};
}
public int menu(){
System.out.println("********管理员*********");
System.out.println("1.查找图书");
System.out.println("2.新增图书");
System.out.println("3.删除图书");
System.out.println("4.显示图书");
System.out.println("0.退出系统");
System.out.println("*********************");
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你的选择:>");
int choice=scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
普通用户类代码:
java
public class NormalUser extends User{
public NormalUser(String name){
super(name);
this.ioPerations=new IOPeration[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new BorrowedOperation(),
new ReturnOperation()
};
}
public int menu(){
System.out.println("*******普通用户*******");
System.out.println("1.查找图书");
System.out.println("2.借阅图书");
System.out.println("3.归还图书");
System.out.println("0.退出系统");
System.out.println("********************");
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你的选择:>");
int choice=scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
三、实现的功能
实现以下几个功能,可以定义一个接口,方便后续的相关操作。
java
public interface IOPeration {
void work(BookList bookList);
}
1.查找图书
java
public class FindOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("查找图书>:");
System.out.println("请输入要查找的书>:");
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
String name=scanner.nextLine();
//遍历这个数组
int currentSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
Book book=bookList.getBook(i);
if(book.getName().equals(name)){
System.out.println("该书信息如下>:");
System.out.println(book);
return;
}
}
System.out.println("无此书!!!");
}
}
2.新增图书(管理员功能)
java
public class AddOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("新增图书>:");
int cunrrentSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
if (cunrrentSize==bookList.getBooks().length){
System.out.println("书架已满!");
return;
}
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("输入要新增书籍>:");
String name=scanner.nextLine();
//检查数组当中有没有这本书
for (int i = 0; i <cunrrentSize ; i++) {
Book book1=bookList.getBook(i);
if(book1.getName().equals(name)){
System.out.println("该书已存放,无需新增!!!");
return;
}
}
System.out.println("输入书籍作者>:");
String author=scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("输入书籍类型>:");
String type=scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("输入书籍价格>:");
int price=scanner.nextInt();
Book book=new Book(name,author,price,type);
bookList.setBook(cunrrentSize,book);
bookList.setUsedSize(cunrrentSize+1);
System.out.println("新增书籍成功!!!");
}
}
3.删除图书(管理员功能)
java
public class AddOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("新增图书>:");
int cunrrentSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
if (cunrrentSize==bookList.getBooks().length){
System.out.println("书架已满!");
return;
}
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("输入要新增书籍>:");
String name=scanner.nextLine();
//检查数组当中有没有这本书
for (int i = 0; i <cunrrentSize ; i++) {
Book book1=bookList.getBook(i);
if(book1.getName().equals(name)){
System.out.println("该书已存放,无需新增!!!");
return;
}
}
System.out.println("输入书籍作者>:");
String author=scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("输入书籍类型>:");
String type=scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("输入书籍价格>:");
int price=scanner.nextInt();
Book book=new Book(name,author,price,type);
bookList.setBook(cunrrentSize,book);
bookList.setUsedSize(cunrrentSize+1);
System.out.println("新增书籍成功!!!");
}
}
4.显示图书信息
java
public class ShowOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("显示图书>:");
int currentSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
Book book=bookList.getBook(i);
System.out.println(book);
}
}
}
5.退出系统
java
public class ExitOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("退出系统>:");
System.exit(0);
}
}
6.借阅图书(普通用户功能)
java
public class BorrowedOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("借阅图书>:");
/**
* 1.你要借阅哪本书?
* 2.你借阅的书存在吗?
* 借阅的方式是什么?
*/
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("输入要借阅书籍>:");
String name=scanner.nextLine();
int currentSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for (; i <currentSize ; i++) {
Book book=bookList.getBook(i);
if(book.getName().equals(name)){
book.setBorrowed(true);
System.out.println("借阅成功!!!");
return;
}
}
if(i==currentSize){
System.out.println("该书不存在,无法借阅!!!");
}
}
}
7.归还图书(普通用户功能)
java
public class ReturnOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("归还图书>:");
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("输入要归还书籍>:");
String name=scanner.nextLine();
int currentSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for (; i <currentSize ; i++) {
Book book=bookList.getBook(i);
if(book.getName().equals(name)){
book.setBorrowed(false);
System.out.println("归还成功!!!");
return;
}
}
if(i==currentSize){
System.out.println("该书不存在,无需归还!!!");
}
}
}
四、main方法
java
public class Main {
public static User login() {
System.out.println("请输入你的姓名:>");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入你的身份:> 1.管理员 2.普通用户");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
if (choice == 1) {
//管理员
return new AdiminUser(name);
} else {
//普通用户
return new NormalUser(name);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
BookList bookList = new BookList();
//user指向哪个对象,就看返回值是什么
User user = login();
while (true) {
int choice = user.menu();
System.out.println("choice:" + choice);
//根据choice决定调用的是哪个方法
user.doOperation(choice, bookList);
}
}
}
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