摘要
面对全球日趋严重的能源危机问题，可再生能源的开发和利用得到了人们的高度重视。其中辐射到地球太阳能资源是十分富饶的，绿色清洁的太阳能不会危害我们的生存环境，因而受到了人们的广泛利用。光伏发电作为可再生能源被广泛的应用，技术不断革新。为了提高光伏发电系统的光电转换效率，需要系统实时的进行光伏电池板端口特性分析。
由于国内人民生活水平的提高，科技不断地进步，控制不断地完善，导致不可再生能源消耗严重，甚至殆尽，从而促使可再生能源成为行业的主导。光伏发电成为现阶段一处亮丽的风景线，由于其拥有成熟的开发技术，成本相对较小，几乎无污染的优势，使得在新能源发电行业具有很高的前景，成为世界各国关注的焦点。同时，因为光照强度可变性、随机性以及不可控制性较强，光伏发电系统的稳定性影响较大。光伏发电行业不断革新，发电的数量越来越大。因此新一代的我们要认真去钻研光伏发电的影响。
本文的控制对象为太阳能电池，通过对其电气特性的分析展开对光伏电池板端口特性分析技术进行研究，并对整个太阳能发电系统进行仿真。首先，介绍太阳能光伏发电系统的整体结构，并依据太阳能光伏电池的等效电路，分析太阳能光伏电池的电气特性，使用 Matlab/Simulink 软件建立太阳能电池板的模型。其次分析了太阳能光伏系统，通过采取改变 DC/DC 电路的占空比来改变输出电压，从而实现光伏电池板端口特性分析。最后，对所做的研究工作的结果进行了分析和总结。
关键词：光伏发电；端口特性分析；逆变器；Matlab仿真
Abstract
Facing the increasingly serious global energy crisis, people attach great importance to the development and utilization of renewable energy. The solar energy resources radiated to the earth are very rich, green and clean solar energy will not harm our living environment, so it has been widely used by people. Photovoltaic power generation as a renewable energy has been widely used, technology innovation. In order to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic power generation system, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of photovoltaic panel port in real time.
Due to the improvement of people's living standards, the continuous progress of science and technology, and the continuous improvement of control, the consumption of non-renewable energy is serious, even exhausted, thus promoting the renewable energy to become the leading industry. Photovoltaic power generation has become a beautiful landscape at the present stage. Because of its mature development technology, relatively small cost and almost no pollution, it has a high prospect in the new energy power generation industry and has become the focus of attention of all countries in the world. At the same time, the stability of photovoltaic power generation system is greatly influenced by the variability, randomness and uncontrollability of light intensity. The photovoltaic industry continues to innovate, generating more and more power. So the new generation of us to seriously study the impact of photovoltaic power generation.
The control object of this paper is the solar cell. Through the analysis of its electrical characteristics, the analysis technology of photovoltaic panel port characteristics is studied, and the whole solar power generation system is simulated. Firstly, the overall structure of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is introduced, and the electrical characteristics of solar photovoltaic cells are analyzed according to the equivalent circuit of solar photovoltaic cells, and the model of solar panels is established using Matlab/Simulink software. Secondly, the solar photovoltaic system is analyzed. By changing the duty cycle of DC/DC circuit to change the output voltage, the characteristics of photovoltaic panel port are analyzed. Finally, the results of the research work are analyzed and summarized.
Keywords: Photovoltaic power generation; Port characteristics analysis; Inverter; The Matlab simulation
目录
[摘要............................................................................................................................. I](#摘要............................................................................................................................. I)
[Abstract.................................................................................................................... II](#Abstract.................................................................................................................... II)
[第一章 绪论............................................................................................................. 1](#第一章 绪论............................................................................................................. 1)
[1.1研究课题背景............................................................................................. 1](#1.1研究课题背景............................................................................................. 1)
[1.2国内外关于光伏发电的发展状况........................................................... 2](#1.2国内外关于光伏发电的发展状况........................................................... 2)
[1.3课题研究意义............................................................................................. 3](#1.3课题研究意义............................................................................................. 3)
[1.4 仿真工具MATLAB/Simulink简介....................................................... 4](#1.4 仿真工具MATLAB/Simulink简介....................................................... 4)
[1.5 课题的研究内容及章节安排.................................................................. 6](#1.5 课题的研究内容及章节安排.................................................................. 6)
[第二章 光伏电池系统的组成................................................................................ 8](#第二章 光伏电池系统的组成................................................................................ 8)
[2.1光伏发电系统的基本组成........................................................................ 8](#2.1光伏发电系统的基本组成........................................................................ 8)
[2.2光伏发电系统的分类................................................................................ 8](#2.2光伏发电系统的分类................................................................................ 8)
[2.3光伏发电系统的应用.............................................................................. 10](#2.3光伏发电系统的应用.............................................................................. 10)
[2.4小结........................................................................................................... 10](#2.4小结........................................................................................................... 10)
[第三章 光伏电池的特性...................................................................................... 12](#第三章 光伏电池的特性...................................................................................... 12)
[3.1光伏电池的工作原理.............................................................................. 12](#3.1光伏电池的工作原理.............................................................................. 12)
[3.2光伏电池的分类...................................................................................... 13](#3.2光伏电池的分类...................................................................................... 13)
[3.3光伏电池的数学模型.............................................................................. 13](#3.3光伏电池的数学模型.............................................................................. 13)
[3.4本章小结................................................................................................... 14](#3.4本章小结................................................................................................... 14)
[第四章 光伏电池最大功率跟踪算法设计........................................................ 15](#第四章 光伏电池最大功率跟踪算法设计........................................................ 15)
[4.1最大功率跟踪的实现原理..................................................................... 15](#4.1最大功率跟踪的实现原理..................................................................... 15)
[4.2 最大功率跟踪算法研究........................................................................ 15](#4.2 最大功率跟踪算法研究........................................................................ 15)
[4.2.1 恒定电压法............................................................................ 15](#4.2.1 恒定电压法............................................................................ 15)
[4.2.2 扰动观察法............................................................................ 16](#4.2.2 扰动观察法............................................................................ 16)
[4.2.3 扰动观察法............................................................................ 17](#4.2.3 扰动观察法............................................................................ 17)
[4.3 本章小结.................................................................................................. 18](#4.3 本章小结.................................................................................................. 18)
[第五章 光伏发电光伏电池板端口特性分析的仿真分析............................... 19](#第五章 光伏发电光伏电池板端口特性分析的仿真分析............................... 19)
[5.1 光伏发电光伏电池板端口特性分析仿真模型搭建.......................... 19](#5.1 光伏发电光伏电池板端口特性分析仿真模型搭建.......................... 19)
[5.2仿真结果分析.......................................................................................... 20](#5.2仿真结果分析.......................................................................................... 20)
[5.3小结........................................................................................................... 24](#5.3小结........................................................................................................... 24)
[第六章 总结........................................................................................................... 25](#第六章 总结........................................................................................................... 25)
[参考文献................................................................................................................. 26](#参考文献................................................................................................................. 26)
[致 谢................................................................................................................. 28](#致 谢................................................................................................................. 28)
完整版论文点击如下链接下载：
https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_45905610/88493753
matlab/simulink建模仿真点击如下链接下载：