动态路由分类
RIP简介
- RIP是应用及开发较早的路由协议,是典型的距离矢量路由协议
- 适用于小型网络,最大跳数15跳(16跳视为不可达)
- RIP是基于UDP的,使用端口号520
- 在CISCO IOS平台上的管理性距离为120
RIP各个版本的区别
实验拓扑
初始配置
配置R1各个接口IP
sh
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#interface e0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#interface e0/1
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown 配置R2各个接口IP
sh
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#
R2(config)#interface e0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#interface e0/1
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.23.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown 配置R3各个接口IP
sh
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#hostname R3
R3(config)#
R3(config)#interface e0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.23.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#interface e0/1
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown配置Vpc4和vpc5的ip
sh
VPCS> ip 192.168.1.2/24 192.168.1.254
Checking for duplicate address...
VPCS : 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.1.254
sh
VPCS> ip 192.168.3.2/24 192.168.3.254
Checking for duplicate address...
VPCS : 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.3.254配置RIP
在R1上配置RIP并宣告网络
sh
# 启动RIP进程
R1(config)#router rip
# 选择版本2
R1(config-router)#version 2
# 宣告指定指定的直连网络（接口）
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.12.0在R2上配置RIP并宣告网络
sh
R2(config)#router rip
R2(config-router)#version 2
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.12.0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.23.0在R3上配置RIP并宣告网络
sh
R3(config)#router rip
R3(config-router)#version 2
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.23.0
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0查看路由
在R1上查看路由
sh
R1#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR
Gateway of last resort is not set
192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1
L 192.168.1.254/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1
R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.12.2, 00:00:13, Ethernet0/0
192.168.12.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
L 192.168.12.1/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
R 192.168.23.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.12.2, 00:00:13, Ethernet0/0可以看到R1学习到了192.168.3.0/24和192.168.23.0/24网段的路由
在R2上查看路由
sh
R2# show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR
Gateway of last resort is not set
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.12.1, 00:00:08, Ethernet0/0
R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.23.3, 00:00:17, Ethernet0/1
192.168.12.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
L 192.168.12.2/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
192.168.23.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.23.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1
L 192.168.23.2/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1可以看到R2学习到了192.168.1.0/24和192.168.3.0/24网段的路由
在R3上查看路由
sh
R3#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR
Gateway of last resort is not set
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.23.2, 00:00:03, Ethernet0/0
192.168.3.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1
L 192.168.3.254/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1
R 192.168.12.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.23.2, 00:00:03, Ethernet0/0
192.168.23.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.23.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
L 192.168.23.3/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0可以看到R3学习到了192.168.1.0/24和192.168.12.0/24网段的路由
ping测试
在vpc4上ping vpc5
sh
VPCS> ping 192.168.3.2
84 bytes from 192.168.3.2 icmp_seq=1 ttl=61 time=1.202 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.3.2 icmp_seq=2 ttl=61 time=0.751 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.3.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=0.916 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.3.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=61 time=0.743 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.3.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=61 time=0.834 ms