给VMWare虚拟机根目录扩容，简单有效！_迷倒万千少女的Csir的博客-CSDN博客
https://blog.csdn.net/m0_64206944/article/details/131453844?spm=1001.2014.3001.5506
上述链接融合参考下面文章
VMware Linux(Centos)虚拟机扩容根目录磁盘空间
1:编辑虚拟机设置，点击[硬盘]，选择[扩展] 填写大小:
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点击扩展后VMware提示磁盘已经成功扩展。
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完成扩展后，需从客户机操作系统内部对磁盘【重新分区】和【扩展文件系统】
2:启动虚拟机操作系统Centos，查看磁盘情况:
|---|------------|
| 1 | # fdisk -l |
显示如下:
|-------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 | Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00094582 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_root: 18.9 GB, 18865979392 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2293 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_swap: 2080 MB, 2080374784 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 252 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 |
可以看见分区情况如下:
|---------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 4 | Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM |
3:创建分区sda3:
输入指令
|---|------------------|
| 1 | # fdisk /dev/sda |
根据命令提示创建分区:
|----------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): n #输入n表示创建新分区 Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p #输入p Partition number (1-4): 3 #输入3，表示sda3，前面已经有2个了 First cylinder (2611-3916, default 2611): #回车，默认值 Using default value 2611 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (2611-3916, default 3916): #回车，默认值 Using default value 3916 Command (m for help): w #输入w保存，退出 The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 设备或资源忙. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks. |
再查看分区情况
|---|------------|
| 1 | # fdisk -l |
情况如下:
|----------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 | Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00094582 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 2611 3916 10483750 83 Linux Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_root: 18.9 GB, 18865979392 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2293 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_swap: 2080 MB, 2080374784 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 252 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 |
可以看见现在的分区情况如下:
|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 4 5 | Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 2611 3916 10483750 83 Linux |
这时分区已经变成3个了，但是还没有挂载，还不能用。
4:重启操作系统
|---|----------|
| 1 | # reboot |
5:格式化新分区ext3
|---|--------------------------|
| 1 | # mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sda3 |
显示情况如下:
|----------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) 文件系统标签= 操作系统:Linux 块大小=4096 (log=2) 分块大小=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 655360 inodes, 2620937 blocks 131046 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 第一个数据块=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=2684354560 80 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632 正在写入inode表: 完成 Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 29 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. |
6:将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷，以便LVM使用,输入指令
|---|-------|
| 1 | # lvs |
显示如下：
|-------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 | LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert lv_root vg_rxf -wi-ao---- 17.57g lv_swap vg_rxf -wi-ao---- 1.94g |
输入指令:
|---|----------------------|
| 1 | # pvcreate /dev/sda3 |
显示如下:
|---|--------------------------------------------------|
| 1 | Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created |
7:向卷组中添加物理卷来增加容量。
输入df -h 查看lvm组名
|---|---------|
| 1 | # df -h |
|---------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 4 | Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_root 18G 18G 112M 100% / tmpfs 931M 4.0K 931M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 35M 425M 8% /boot |
其中vg_rxf为根所在组名.
输入指令，增加卷组的容量
|---|-----------------------------|
| 1 | # vgextend vg_rxf /dev/sda3 |
|---|---------------------------------------------|
| 1 | Volume group "vg_rxf" successfully extended |
8:查看可以扩展的空间大小:
|---|-----------|
| 1 | vgdisplay |
|----------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_rxf System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 29.50 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 7553 Alloc PE / Size 4994 / 19.51 GiB Free PE / Size 2559 / 10.00 GiB VG UUID KFyuD1-cj5n-cukx-z1Zf-Gg2T-IQLT-v6BD4N |
Free PE / Size 就是可以提供分配的自由空间，最多10.00 GiB，在扩展时输入小于该值
9:扩充磁盘空间
|---|-------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 | # lvextend -L+9G /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_root /dev/sda3 |
|-----|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 | Extending logical volume lv_root to 26.57 GiB Logical volume lv_root successfully resized |
10:使用e2fsck指令查看检测文件系统错误
|---|----------------------------------------|
| 1 | # e2fsck -a /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_root |
|-----|----------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 | /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_root is mounted. e2fsck: 无法继续, 中止. |
11:使用resize2fs指令来增大或者搜索未加载的"ext2/ext3"文件系统的大小（此处可能出现问题，没办法增大扩容空间）
|---|--------------------------------------|
| 1 | resize2fs /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_root |
|---------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 4 | Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 2 Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_root to 6965248 (4k) blocks. The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_root is now 6965248 blocks long. |
11-1（如果11步出现问题，因为我的centos7的某些分区用的是xfs的文件系统（使用df -T查看即可知道）
|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | [root@vnode1 ~]# df -T 文件系统 类型 1K-块 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 37173520 5574340 31599180 15% / devtmpfs devtmpfs 3987400 0 3987400 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 3997856 0 3997856 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 3997856 8628 3989228 1% /run tmpfs tmpfs 3997856 0 3997856 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 xfs 508588 127152 381436 26% /boot tmpfs tmpfs 799572 0 799572 0% run/user/0 [root@vnode1 ~]# |
将resize2fs替换为xfs_growfs，重新执行一遍即可，如下：
|---|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 | [root@vnode1 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_root |
12:查看扩展空间后的结果:
|---|---------|
| 1 | # df -h |
|---------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 4 | Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_rxf-lv_root 27G 18G 8.9G 66% / tmpfs 931M 4.0K 931M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 35M 425M 8% /boot |
可以看见，大功告成。
转载：https://www.jianshu.com/p/578816f4e9b8
备注：转载的地方有不对的地方已经在此文进行了修改，看这一篇就够了