java使用面向对象实现图书管理系统

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一.Book类

首先我们需要先创建一个Book类

java 复制代码

public class Book {
    private String name;
    private String author;
    private double price;
    private String type;
    private boolean  isBorrowed;
   // 构造函数
    public Book(String name, String author, double price, String type) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }
    public boolean isBorrowed() {
        return isBorrowed;
    }

    public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
        isBorrowed = borrowed;
    }
  // 重写toString方法
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                ( (isBorrowed == true) ? "，已借出" : "，未借出" )+
                //", isBorrowed=" + isBorrowed +
                '}';
    }
}

二.BookList类

java 复制代码

public class BookList {
    public Book[] List;
    public int size;
    public BookList() {
       List = new Book[10];
       List[0] = new Book("西游记", "吴承恩", 10.25, "小说");
       List[1] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",20.50,"小说");
       List[2] = new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",50.9,"小说");
       List[3] = new Book("水浒传","施耐庵",15.5,"小说");

        size = 4;
    }
    public boolean isFull() {
        return size >= List.length;
    }
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return size == 0;
    }
    public void newLength() {
        List = new Book[size+10];
    }

    public Book getList(int i) {
        return List[i];
    }

    public int getSize() {
        return size;
    }

    public void setList(Book book , int pos) {
        List[pos] = book;
    }

    public void setSize(int size) {
        this.size = size;
    }
}

三.User类

java 复制代码

public abstract class User {
 public IOperation[] iOperations;
 public String name;
    public User(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public abstract int menu();
    public void doOperation(int choice,BookList bookList) {
        IOperation operation = this.iOperations[choice];
        operation.work(bookList);
    }
}

四.管理员类

java 复制代码

public class Admin extends User{
    public Admin(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new AddOperation(),
                new DeleteOperation(),
                new ShowOperation()
        };
    }

    public int menu() {
        System.out.println("********管理员菜单********");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书");
        System.out.println("2.新增图书");
        System.out.println("3.删除图书");
        System.out.println("4.显示图书");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统");
        System.out.println("************************");
        System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

五.普通类

java 复制代码

public class NormalUser extends User{
    public NormalUser(String name) {
        super(name);
       this.iOperations = new IOperation[] {
               new ExitOperation(),
               new  FindOperation(),
               new BorrowedOperation(),
               new ReturnOperation()
       };
    }
    @Override
    public int menu() {
        System.out.println("********普通用户菜单********");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书");
        System.out.println("2.借阅图书");
        System.out.println("3.归还图书");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统");
        System.out.println("***************************");
        System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

六.实现操作的接口

java 复制代码

public interface IOperation {
    public void work(BookList bookList);
}

七.各种操作类

java 复制代码

import java.util.Scanner;

// 添加图书的操作

public class AddOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        if(bookList.isFull()) {
            bookList.newLength();
        }
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入你要添加的书名");
        String name = scan.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你要添加图书的作者");
        String author = scan.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你要添加图书的价格");
        double price = scan.nextDouble();
        scan.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你要添加图书的类型");
        String type = scan.nextLine();
        Book tmp = new Book(name,author,price,type);
        int count = bookList.getSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            if(tmp.getName().equals(bookList.getList(i).getName())) {
                System.out.println("请勿重复添加");
                System.exit(0);
            }
        }
        bookList.setList(tmp,count);
        bookList.setSize(count+1);
    }
}

java 复制代码

import java.util.Scanner;

// 借出书籍

public class BorrowedOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
        int count1 = bookList.getSize();
        System.out.println("以下是图书馆的书单: ");
        for (int i = 0; i < count1; i++) {
            if (bookList.getList(i) != null) {
                System.out.println(bookList.getList(i));
            }
        }
        System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的图书名字:");
        String name = scan.nextLine();
        int count = bookList.getSize();
        int i = 0;
        for (; i < count; i++) {
            if (bookList.getList(i).getName().equals(name) ) {
                if(bookList.getList(i).isBorrowed()  ) {
                    System.out.println("书已被借走，请等归还后再来借阅");
                    return;
                }
                bookList.getList(i).setBorrowed(true);
                System.out.println("借阅成功，请于7天时间内归还");
                return;
            }
        }

        if(i == count) {
            System.out.println("没有找到这本书");
        }
    }
}

java 复制代码

import java.util.Scanner;


 //删除书籍的操作
 
public class DeleteOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        if(bookList.isEmpty()) {
          throw  new NullException("书架为空");
        }
        Scanner san = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入你要删除的图书名字");
        String name = san.nextLine();
        int count = bookList.getSize();
        int i = 0;
        for (; i < count; i++) {
            if(bookList.getList(i).getName().equals(name)) {
               break;
            }
        }
        if(i == count) {
            System.out.println("没有找到这本书");

        } else {
            while (i < count) {
                bookList.List[i++] = bookList.List[i+1];
            }
            System.out.println("删除成功");
            bookList.setSize(count-1);
        }
    }
}

java 复制代码

// 退出操作

public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

java 复制代码

import java.util.Scanner;

// 通过图书的名字来查找图书

public class FindOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入你要查找的图书名字");
        String name = scan.nextLine();
        int count = bookList.getSize();
        int i = 0;
        for (; i < count; i++) {
            if(bookList.getList(i).getName().equals(name)) {
                System.out.println("图书信息如下：");
                System.out.println(bookList.getList(i));
                break;
            }
        }
        if(i == count) {
            System.out.println("没有找到这本书");
        }
    }
}

java 复制代码

//归还操作
public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入你要归还的图书名字:");
        String name = scan.nextLine();
        int count = bookList.getSize();
        int i = 0;
        for (; i < count; i++) {
            if (bookList.getList(i).getName().equals(name) && bookList.getList(i).isBorrowed()) {
                bookList.getList(i).setBorrowed(false);
                System.out.println("归还成功，欢迎下次光临");
                return;
            }
        }
        if(i == count) {
            System.out.println("没有找到这本书");
        }
    }
}

java 复制代码

//显示图书的操作

public class ShowOperation implements IOperation{

    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        int count = bookList.getSize();
        System.out.println("图书信息如下: ");
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            if (bookList.getList(i) != null) {
                System.out.println(bookList.getList(i));
            }
        }
    }
}

java 复制代码

//异常
public class NullException extends RuntimeException {
    public NullException() {
    }
    public NullException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

八.主函数

java 复制代码

public class Main {
    public static User menu() {
        int choice = 0;
        String possWord = "123456";
        System.out.println("请输入你的身份：");
        System.out.println("1.管理员   2.普通用户 ");
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
        choice = scan.nextInt();
        scan.nextLine();
        if (choice == 1) {
            System.out.println("请输入密码：");
            int count = 3;
            while (count > 0) {
                String MyPossWord = scan.nextLine();
                if (MyPossWord.equals(possWord)) {
                    count = -1;
                    break;
                } else {
                    --count;
                    System.out.println("密码错误，你还有" + count + "次机会");
                }
            }
            if (count != -1) {
                System.out.println("密码输入错误超过3次，请您24小时后在来");
                System.exit(0);
            }
            return new Admin("admin");
        }
        return new NormalUser("noraluser");
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BookList bookList = new BookList();
        User user = Main.menu();
        while (true) {
            int choice = user.menu();
            user.doOperation(choice,bookList);
        }
        }
}

九.说明

以上就是java使用面向对象的知识来实现图书管理系统的全部内容了，此代码仅仅只是对初学Java的读者有帮助，可以通过借鉴此代码，再根据自己所学的知识自己构建一个图书管理系统，这个图书管理系统也是差不多涵盖了JavaSE所有内容，博主相信你自己下去编写一个图书管理系统，会对Java的掌握更上一步。