文章目录
-
- [1. 系统信息参数说明](#1. 系统信息参数说明)
- [2. Docker安装](#2. Docker安装)
- [3. minikube安装](#3. minikube安装)
- [4. kubectl安装](#4. kubectl安装)
- [5. Helm安装](#5. Helm安装)
- [6. 启动Kubernetes集群v1.28.3](#6. 启动Kubernetes集群v1.28.3)
- [7. 使用helm安装Prometheus](#7. 使用helm安装Prometheus)
- [8. 使用helm安装Grafana](#8. 使用helm安装Grafana)
- [9. Grafana的Dashboard设定](#9. Grafana的Dashboard设定)
- [10. 设定Prometheus数据源](#10. 设定Prometheus数据源)
- [11. 导入Kubernetes Dashboard](#11. 导入Kubernetes Dashboard)
- [12. 实验过程中的常见问题](#12. 实验过程中的常见问题)
- [13. 参考链接](#13. 参考链接)
1. 系统信息参数说明
bash
[root@minikube ~]# uname -a
Linux minikube 5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2.x86_64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Tue May 9 17:09:15 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@minikube ~]# hostnamectl
Static hostname: minikube
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm 🖴
Machine ID: 8f112fe303914f1e8e27c6b68d205117
Boot ID: 75046d09558f47d9a823fff033cb1fe1
Virtualization: vmware
Operating System: Rocky Linux 9.2 (Blue Onyx)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:rocky:rocky:9::baseos
Kernel: Linux 5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64
Hardware Vendor: VMware, Inc.
Hardware Model: VMware Virtual Platform
Firmware Version: 6.00
[root@minikube ~]# free -g
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 7 2 1 0 4 5
Swap: 0 0 0
[root@minikube ~]# lscpu
2. Docker安装
bash
# 移除旧的docker
[root@minikube ~]# sudo yum remove docker \
docker-client \
docker-client-latest \
docker-common \
docker-latest \
docker-latest-logrotate \
docker-logrotate \
docker-engine
# 安装第三方依赖库
[root@minikube ~]# sudo yum install -y yum-utils
# 添加Docker-ce仓库
[root@minikube ~]# sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# 安装docker相关安装包
[root@minikube ~]# sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
# 启动docker服务
[root@minikube ~]# sudo systemctl start docker
3. minikube安装
bash
[root@minikube ~]# curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-latest.x86_64.rpm
[root@minikube ~]# sudo rpm -Uvh minikube-latest.x86_64.rpm
4. kubectl安装
bash
[root@minikube ~]# yum install -y kubectl
5. Helm安装
bash
[root@minikube ~]# curl -fsSL -o get_helm.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/helm/helm/master/scripts/get-helm-3
[root@minikube ~]# chmod 700 get_helm.sh
[root@minikube ~]# ./get_helm.sh
6. 启动Kubernetes集群v1.28.3
bash
[root@minikube ~]# minikube start --kubernetes-version=v1.28.3 --memory=6g
😄 Rocky 9.2 上的 minikube v1.32.0
❗ 当提供 --force 参数时,minikube 将跳过各种验证,这可能会导致意外行为
✨ 自动选择 docker 驱动。其他选项:none, ssh
🛑 The "docker" driver should not be used with root privileges. If you wish to continue as root, use --force.
💡 如果您在VM中运行 minikube,请考虑使用 --driver=none:
📘 https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/reference/drivers/none/
📌 使用具有 root 权限的 Docker 驱动程序
👍 正在集群 minikube 中启动控制平面节点 minikube
🚜 正在拉取基础镜像 ...
💾 正在下载 Kubernetes v1.28.3 的预加载文件...
> preloaded-images-k8s-v18-v1...: 403.35 MiB / 403.35 MiB 100.00% 1.60 Mi
> gcr.io/k8s-minikube/kicbase...: 453.90 MiB / 453.90 MiB 100.00% 1.70 Mi
🔥 Creating docker container (CPUs=2, Memory=2200MB) ...
🐳 正在 Docker 24.0.7 中准备 Kubernetes v1.28.3...
▪ 正在生成证书和密钥...
▪ 正在启动控制平面...
▪ 配置 RBAC 规则 ...
🔗 配置 bridge CNI (Container Networking Interface) ...
🔎 正在验证 Kubernetes 组件...
▪ 正在使用镜像 gcr.io/k8s-minikube/storage-provisioner:v5
🌟 启用插件: storage-provisioner, default-storageclass
🏄 完成!kubectl 现在已配置,默认使用"minikube"集群和"default"命名空间
# 查看集群状态
[root@minikube ~]# minikube status
minikube
type: Control Plane
host: Running
kubelet: Running
apiserver: Running
kubeconfig: Configured
7. 使用helm安装Prometheus
bash
[root@minikube ~]# kubectl create ns monitoring
namespace/monitoring created
[root@minikube ~]# helm repo add prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts
"prometheus-community" has been added to your repositories
[root@minikube ~]# helm repo list
NAME URL
prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts
[root@minikube ~]# helm search repo prometheus-community
[root@minikube ~]# helm install prometheus prometheus-community/prometheus
[root@minikube ~]# kubectl expose service prometheus-server --type=NodePort --target-port=9090 --name=prometheus-server-np
通过运行以下命令来检查状态
bash
[root@minikube ~]# kubectl get pods -l app.kubernetes.io/instance=prometheus
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
prometheus-alertmanager-0 1/1 Running 0 3h15m
prometheus-kube-state-metrics-6b464f5b88-8p49t 1/1 Running 0 3h15m
prometheus-prometheus-node-exporter-b6bzv 1/1 Running 0 3h15m
prometheus-prometheus-pushgateway-7857c44f49-zjddf 1/1 Running 0 3h15m
prometheus-server-6b68fbd54b-df64z 2/2 Running 0 3h15m
由于使用的是 Minikube,第二个命令prometheus-server
使用NodePort
. 这样,当 Pod 准备就绪时,就可以轻松访问 Prometheus Web 界面:
bash
minikube service prometheus-server-np
bash
[root@minikube ~]# kubectl port-forward svc/prometheus-server-np 30944:80 --address='0.0.0.0'
Forwarding from 0.0.0.0:30944 -> 9090
8. 使用helm安装Grafana
bash
# 将存储库添加到 helm 配置中
[root@minikube ~]# helm repo add grafana https://grafana.github.io/helm-charts
"grafana" has been added to your repositories
[root@minikube ~]# helm repo list
NAME URL
prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts
grafana https://grafana.github.io/helm-charts
[root@minikube ~]# helm search repo grafana
# 使用提供的图表安装 Grafana
[root@minikube ~]# helm install grafana grafana/grafana
[root@minikube ~]# kubectl expose service grafana --type=NodePort --target-port=3000 --name=grafana-np
由于使用的是 Minikube,为了轻松访问 Grafana 的 Web 界面,将该服务公开为NodePort
。
注意: Grafana 默认受密码保护,为了检索admin
用户密码,我们可以运行以下命令:
bash
kubectl get secret --namespace default grafana -o jsonpath="{.data.admin-password}" | base64 --decode ; echo
wYISKh0bkkLuQm0TOEOUoVx4M1AW6q70JlOBABS0
现在可以使用检索到的用户和密码加载 Grafana Web 界面
bash
[root@minikube ~]# kubectl port-forward svc/grafana-np 30264:80 --address='0.0.0.0'
Forwarding from 0.0.0.0:30264 -> 3000
9. Grafana的Dashboard设定
bash
root@minikube ~]# kubectl get secret --namespace monitoring grafana -o jsonpath="{.data.admin-password}" | base64 --decode ; echo
uJEkCoHDGjfkUdvOP8i3djaIvPOggK2tMZcdPKWa
[root@minikube ~]# export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace monitoring -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=grafana,app.kubernetes.io/instance=grafana" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
[root@minikube ~]# kubectl --namespace monitoring port-forward $POD_NAME 3000
Forwarding from 127.0.0.1:3000 -> 3000
Forwarding from [::1]:3000 -> 3000
10. 设定Prometheus数据源
11. 导入Kubernetes Dashboard
12. 实验过程中的常见问题
Grafana 忘记登陆密码 重置密码
bash
[root@minikube ~]# kubectl get pods -A
[root@minikube ~]# kubectl exec -it grafana-5657d4fc47-jkdx6 -n default sh
/usr/share/grafana $ grafana-cli admin reset-admin-password 123456
Admin password changed successfully ✔
13. 参考链接
1️⃣https://blog.marcnuri.com/prometheus-grafana-setup-minikube
2️⃣Local MacのMinikubeでPrometheusとGrafana
3️⃣Minikube 安装和简单使用 - 江湖小小白 - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)
5️⃣https://github.com/prometheus-operator/kube-prometheus#compatibility
6️⃣https://yuya-hirooka.hatenablog.com/entry/2021/03/30/202342