Docker Compose 部署
在使用docker部署时,除了使用--link
的方式来关联容器之外,还可以使用 docker compose 运行多个容器。
定义 Dockerfile
我这里用于区分默认 Dockerfile 文件,在项目根目录下新建一个 Dockerfile-compose 文件:
dockerfile
FROM golang:alpine AS builder
# 在容器内部设置环境变量
ENV GO111MODULE=on \
GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct \
CGO_ENABLED=0 \
GOOS=linux \
GOARCH=amd64
# 设置后续指令的工作目录
WORKDIR /build
# 复制项目中的 go.mod 和 go.sum文件并下载依赖信息
COPY go.mod .
COPY go.sum .
RUN go mod download
# 将代码复制到容器中
COPY . .
# 将代码编译成二进制可执行文件
RUN go build -o go-api .
# 创建一个小镜像
#FROM scratch
FROM debian:stretch-slim
COPY ./config /config
# 从builder镜像中把 /build/go-api 拷贝到当前目录
COPY --from=builder /build/go-api /
# 需要运行的命令(docker compose 运行不需要执行这一行)
#ENTRYPOINT ["/go-api", "config/env.yml"]
docker-compose.yml
新建 docker-compose.yml
配置文件与项目根目录下。
我这里配置了mysql、redis、go-api三个容器,配置以及说明如下:
yaml
version: "3.7"
services:
mysql:
# 镜像版本号
image: mysql:8.0.33
# 容器名
container_name: go-web-mysql
# 端口号映射
ports:
- "8306:3306"
# 失败后总是重启
restart: "always"
command: "--default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password --init-file /data/application/init.sql"
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "root123456" # root 账号密码
MYSQL_DATABASE: "test" # 数据库
# 将mysql相关数据挂载到本机目录
volumes:
- ~/docker-data/go-api/mysql/init.sql:/data/application/init.sql
- ~/docker-data/go-api/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql #数据文件挂载
- ~/docker-data/go-api/mysql/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d #配置文件挂载
- ~/docker-data/go-api/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql #日志文件挂载
redis:
# 镜像版本号
image: redis:7.2.4
# 容器名
container_name: go-web-redis
# 端口号
ports:
- "6379:6379"
# 失败后总是重启
restart: "always"
# 以配置文件的方式启动 redis.conf
command: "redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf --appendonly yes --requirepass root123456"
# 文件夹以及文件映射
volumes:
- ~/docker-data/go-api/redis:/data
- ~/docker-data/go-api/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf
go-api:
# 容器名
container_name: go-web-api
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile-compose # 默认为 Dockerfile,这里重新定义为 Dockerfile-compose 文件
# 失败后总是重启
restart: "always"
# command: sh -c "./wait-for-it.sh mysql:3306 -- ./go-api ./config/env.yml"
command: [ "/wait-for-it.sh", "mysql:3306", "--", "/go-api", "config/env.yml" ]
# 依赖启动项
depends_on:
- mysql
- redis
# 端口映射
ports:
- "8888:8088"
Mysql 状态检测
docker-compose.yml 配置文件中 depends_on
字段仅能保证web服务启动时,mysql服务处于Running状态而不是Ready状态,因为go-api需要等待mysql启动后再启动,因此需要添加一个wait-for-it.sh
脚本文件,检测mysql服务是否处于Ready状态。
在项目根目录下新建 wait-for-it.sh
文件
sh
#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Use this script to test if a given TCP host/port are available
WAITFORIT_cmdname=${0##*/}
echoerr() { if [[ $WAITFORIT_QUIET -ne 1 ]]; then echo "$@" 1>&2; fi }
usage()
{
cat << USAGE >&2
Usage:
$WAITFORIT_cmdname host:port [-s] [-t timeout] [-- command args]
-h HOST | --host=HOST Host or IP under test
-p PORT | --port=PORT TCP port under test
Alternatively, you specify the host and port as host:port
-s | --strict Only execute subcommand if the test succeeds
-q | --quiet Don't output any status messages
-t TIMEOUT | --timeout=TIMEOUT
Timeout in seconds, zero for no timeout
-- COMMAND ARGS Execute command with args after the test finishes
USAGE
exit 1
}
wait_for()
{
if [[ $WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT -gt 0 ]]; then
echoerr "$WAITFORIT_cmdname: waiting $WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT seconds for $WAITFORIT_HOST:$WAITFORIT_PORT"
else
echoerr "$WAITFORIT_cmdname: waiting for $WAITFORIT_HOST:$WAITFORIT_PORT without a timeout"
fi
WAITFORIT_start_ts=$(date +%s)
while :
do
if [[ $WAITFORIT_ISBUSY -eq 1 ]]; then
nc -z $WAITFORIT_HOST $WAITFORIT_PORT
WAITFORIT_result=$?
else
(echo -n > /dev/tcp/$WAITFORIT_HOST/$WAITFORIT_PORT) >/dev/null 2>&1
WAITFORIT_result=$?
fi
if [[ $WAITFORIT_result -eq 0 ]]; then
WAITFORIT_end_ts=$(date +%s)
echoerr "$WAITFORIT_cmdname: $WAITFORIT_HOST:$WAITFORIT_PORT is available after $((WAITFORIT_end_ts - WAITFORIT_start_ts)) seconds"
break
fi
sleep 1
done
return $WAITFORIT_result
}
wait_for_wrapper()
{
# In order to support SIGINT during timeout: http://unix.stackexchange.com/a/57692
if [[ $WAITFORIT_QUIET -eq 1 ]]; then
timeout $WAITFORIT_BUSYTIMEFLAG $WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT $0 --quiet --child --host=$WAITFORIT_HOST --port=$WAITFORIT_PORT --timeout=$WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT &
else
timeout $WAITFORIT_BUSYTIMEFLAG $WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT $0 --child --host=$WAITFORIT_HOST --port=$WAITFORIT_PORT --timeout=$WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT &
fi
WAITFORIT_PID=$!
trap "kill -INT -$WAITFORIT_PID" INT
wait $WAITFORIT_PID
WAITFORIT_RESULT=$?
if [[ $WAITFORIT_RESULT -ne 0 ]]; then
echoerr "$WAITFORIT_cmdname: timeout occurred after waiting $WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT seconds for $WAITFORIT_HOST:$WAITFORIT_PORT"
fi
return $WAITFORIT_RESULT
}
# process arguments
while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]
do
case "$1" in
*:* )
WAITFORIT_hostport=(${1//:/ })
WAITFORIT_HOST=${WAITFORIT_hostport[0]}
WAITFORIT_PORT=${WAITFORIT_hostport[1]}
shift 1
;;
--child)
WAITFORIT_CHILD=1
shift 1
;;
-q | --quiet)
WAITFORIT_QUIET=1
shift 1
;;
-s | --strict)
WAITFORIT_STRICT=1
shift 1
;;
-h)
WAITFORIT_HOST="$2"
if [[ $WAITFORIT_HOST == "" ]]; then break; fi
shift 2
;;
--host=*)
WAITFORIT_HOST="${1#*=}"
shift 1
;;
-p)
WAITFORIT_PORT="$2"
if [[ $WAITFORIT_PORT == "" ]]; then break; fi
shift 2
;;
--port=*)
WAITFORIT_PORT="${1#*=}"
shift 1
;;
-t)
WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT="$2"
if [[ $WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT == "" ]]; then break; fi
shift 2
;;
--timeout=*)
WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT="${1#*=}"
shift 1
;;
--)
shift
WAITFORIT_CLI=("$@")
break
;;
--help)
usage
;;
*)
echoerr "Unknown argument: $1"
usage
;;
esac
done
if [[ "$WAITFORIT_HOST" == "" || "$WAITFORIT_PORT" == "" ]]; then
echoerr "Error: you need to provide a host and port to test."
usage
fi
WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT=${WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT:-15}
WAITFORIT_STRICT=${WAITFORIT_STRICT:-0}
WAITFORIT_CHILD=${WAITFORIT_CHILD:-0}
WAITFORIT_QUIET=${WAITFORIT_QUIET:-0}
# Check to see if timeout is from busybox?
WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT_PATH=$(type -p timeout)
WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT_PATH=$(realpath $WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT_PATH 2>/dev/null || readlink -f $WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT_PATH)
WAITFORIT_BUSYTIMEFLAG=""
if [[ $WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT_PATH =~ "busybox" ]]; then
WAITFORIT_ISBUSY=1
# Check if busybox timeout uses -t flag
# (recent Alpine versions don't support -t anymore)
if timeout &>/dev/stdout | grep -q -e '-t '; then
WAITFORIT_BUSYTIMEFLAG="-t"
fi
else
WAITFORIT_ISBUSY=0
fi
if [[ $WAITFORIT_CHILD -gt 0 ]]; then
wait_for
WAITFORIT_RESULT=$?
exit $WAITFORIT_RESULT
else
if [[ $WAITFORIT_TIMEOUT -gt 0 ]]; then
wait_for_wrapper
WAITFORIT_RESULT=$?
else
wait_for
WAITFORIT_RESULT=$?
fi
fi
if [[ $WAITFORIT_CLI != "" ]]; then
if [[ $WAITFORIT_RESULT -ne 0 && $WAITFORIT_STRICT -eq 1 ]]; then
echoerr "$WAITFORIT_cmdname: strict mode, refusing to execute subprocess"
exit $WAITFORIT_RESULT
fi
exec "${WAITFORIT_CLI[@]}"
else
exit $WAITFORIT_RESULT
fi
构建启动
sh
# 会根据 docker-compose 文件,构建镜像,并启动所有容器
$ docker-compose up -d
# 查看容器
$ docker-compose ps -a
# 停止所有容器
$ docker-compose down
启动成功后,接下来就可以通过http://127.0.0.1:8888
进行访问了。
如果连接 Mysql 出现报错,可以参考:
Msql 进入容器使用 127.0.0.1
连接mysql报错:ERROR 1130 (HY000): Host '127.0.0.1' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server
,可以直接输入 mysql
进入,执行以下操作:
sh
> use mysql;
> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Mysql root 密码设置不生效解决:
sh
> use mysql;
> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root123456';
> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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