SpringBoot 整合RabbitMQ 之延迟队列实验

在Spring Boot中整合RabbitMQ并实现延迟队列的功能，可以按照以下步骤进行：

添加依赖：在pom.xml文件中添加RabbitMQ和Spring AMQP相关的依赖。

java 复制代码

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置RabbitMQ连接信息：在application.properties或application.yml文件中配置RabbitMQ的连接信息，包括host、port、username、password等。

java 复制代码

spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

创建消息发送者：创建一个消息发送者类，用于发送消息到RabbitMQ。

java 复制代码

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MessageSender {
    
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
    
    public void sendMessage(String message, long delayTime) {
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("exchangeName", "routingKey", message, message -> {
            message.getMessageProperties().setDelay((int) delayTime);
            return message;
        });
    }
}

创建消息接收者：创建一个消息接收者类，用于监听RabbitMQ中的消息。

java 复制代码

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MessageReceiver {
    
    @RabbitListener(queues = "queueName")
    public void receiveMessage(String message) {
        System.out.println("Received message: " + message);
    }
}

创建延迟队列配置类：创建一个延迟队列的配置类，用于声明交换机、队列和绑定关系。

java 复制代码

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.CustomExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class DelayedQueueConfig {
    
    @Bean
    public Queue queue() {
        return new Queue("queueName");
    }
    
    @Bean
    public CustomExchange exchange() {
        Map<String, Object> args = new HashMap<>();
        args.put("x-delayed-type", "direct");
        return new CustomExchange("exchangeName", "x-delayed-message", true, false, args);
    }
    
    @Bean
    public Binding binding(Queue queue, CustomExchange exchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("routingKey").noargs();
    }
}