date: 2024-01-18, 2024-01-26
原 OS Kernel 3.10
升级至 4.19
1.检查默认内核
-
检查 vmlinuz 版本
[root@localhost ~]# grubby --default-kernel
/boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.105.1.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# -
检查 Linux 内核版本
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-1160.105.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Dec 7 15:39:45 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]#
2.配置 yum 源
-
备份原 repo 源文件
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mkdir bak;mv ./* bak
mv: cannot move './bak' to a subdirectory of itself, 'bak/bak'
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 220 Jan 25 20:24 bak
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# -
下载阿里云 CentOS7 repo 源
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# curl -o CentOS-Ali.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 2523 100 2523 0 0 2789 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 2787
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 220 Jan 25 20:24 bak
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2523 Jan 25 20:25 CentOS-Ali.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# -
更新本地 repo 源
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache fast
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
centosplus | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
Metadata Cache Created
[root@localhost ~]# -
查看 repo 源
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
repo id repo name status
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com 10,072
centosplus/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com 277
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com 518
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com 5,558
repolist: 16,425
[root@localhost ~]#
3.下载内核离线包
cd /opt
wget http://193.49.22.109/elrepo/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-ml-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
wget http://193.49.22.109/elrepo/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-ml-devel-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
4.安装内核
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/
[root@localhost opt]# ll
total 59068
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 47850944 Jan 18 11:22 kernel-ml-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12632052 Jan 18 10:59 kernel-ml-devel-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost opt]# yum install ./*.rpm -y
...
Installed:
kernel-ml.x86_64 0:4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo kernel-ml-devel.x86_64 0:4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo
Dependency Installed:
perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7 perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7 perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7
perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7 perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7 perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7 perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-3.el7
perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7 perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7 perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-299.el7_9 perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7
perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7 perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7 perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-5.el7
perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7 perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7 perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7
perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7 perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7
perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7 perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7 perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7
Complete!
[root@localhost opt]#
5.更改内核启动顺序
[root@localhost ~]# grub2-set-default 0
[root@localhost ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o /etc/grub2.cfg
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.img
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.105.1.el7.x86_64
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-1160.105.1.el7.x86_64.img
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64.img
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-cf7d56908f2b4b73bc25710041bda25d
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-0-rescue-cf7d56908f2b4b73bc25710041bda25d.img
done
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# grubby --args="user_namespace.enable=1" --update-kernel="$(grubby --default-kernel)"
[root@localhost ~]#
6.检查内核版本
[root@localhost ~]# grubby --default-kernel
/boot/vmlinuz-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]#
7.重启
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
8.再次检查内核版本
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Dec 21 11:06:36 EST 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]#
9.修改启动界面显示的内核顺序
-
注释掉 3.10 内核
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/grub2.cfg
BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux
menuentry 'CentOS Linux (4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64-advanced-5620e84e-0e87-41ad-9913-5292a8fd1d5e' { load_video set gfxpayload=keep insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod xfs set root='hd0,msdos1' if [ xfeature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 --hint='hd0,msdos1' 1556ccd1-3879-4b8e-8b23-80f8a473557f
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 1556ccd1-3879-4b8e-8b23-80f8a473557f
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/centos-root ro crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rhgb quiet user_namespace.enable=1
initrd16 /initramfs-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.img
}menuentry 'CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.105.1.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-1160.105.1.el7.x86_64-advanced-5620e84e-0e87-41ad-9913-5292a8fd1d5e' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod xfs
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 --hint='hd0,msdos1' 1556ccd1-3879-4b8e-8b23-80f8a473557f
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 1556ccd1-3879-4b8e-8b23-80f8a473557f
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.105.1.el7.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/centos-root ro crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rhgb quiet
initrd16 /initramfs-3.10.0-1160.105.1.el7.x86_64.img
}
menuentry 'CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64-advanced-5620e84e-0e87-41ad-9913-5292a8fd1d5e' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod xfs
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 --hint='hd0,msdos1' 1556ccd1-3879-4b8e-8b23-80f8a473557f
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 1556ccd1-3879-4b8e-8b23-80f8a473557f
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/centos-root ro crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rhgb quiet
initrd16 /initramfs-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64.img
}
menuentry 'CentOS Linux (0-rescue-cf7d56908f2b4b73bc25710041bda25d) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-0-rescue-cf7d56908f2b4b73bc25710041bda25d-advanced-5620e84e-0e87-41ad-9913-5292a8fd1d5e' { load_video insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod xfs set root='hd0,msdos1' if [ xfeature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 --hint='hd0,msdos1' 1556ccd1-3879-4b8e-8b23-80f8a473557f
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 1556ccd1-3879-4b8e-8b23-80f8a473557f
fi
linux16 /vmlinuz-0-rescue-cf7d56908f2b4b73bc25710041bda25d root=/dev/mapper/centos-root ro crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rhgb quiet
initrd16 /initramfs-0-rescue-cf7d56908f2b4b73bc25710041bda25d.img
}END /etc/grub.d/10_linux
-
重启
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
我们下期见，拜拜！