Rust 读写csv文件

一碗情深2024-03-10 20:19

在Rust中，可以使用csv等库来高性能读写CSV文件。

首先，需要在Cargo.toml文件中添加依赖项：

toml 复制代码

[dependencies]
csv = "1.1"

分别定义读写CSV文件函数：

csv_file.rs

rust 复制代码

use csv::ReaderBuilder;
use csv::WriterBuilder;
use std::fs::File;

pub fn read_csv_file(path: &str) -> Result<(), csv::Error> {
    let file = File::open(path)?;
    let mut reader = ReaderBuilder::new().from_reader(file);

    for result in reader.records() {
        let record = result?;
        // 处理每一行的数据
        println!("{:?}", record);
    }

    Ok(())
}

pub fn write_csv_file(path: &str, headers: Vec<String>, records: Vec<Vec<String>>) -> Result<(), csv::Error> {
    let file = File::create(path)?;
    let mut writer = WriterBuilder::new().from_writer(file);

    writer.write_record(headers)?;

    for record in records {
        writer.write_record(record)?;
        writer.flush()?;
    }

    Ok(())
}

写入数据，再读取数据示例：

main.rs

rust 复制代码

mod utils;
mod macros;

fn main() {
    // 保存的文件路径和文件名
    let path = "D://file.csv";

    // 写入CSV文件头
    let headers = vec_s!["number", "Name", "Age", "City"];

    let mut records = vec![];

    // 写入CSV文件内容
    for i in 0..10 {
        records.push(vec_s![i, "Alice", "30", "New York"]);
        records.push(vec_s![i, "Bob", "25", "San Francisco"]);
        records.push(vec_s![i, "Charlie", "22", "Los Angeles"]);
    }

    utils::csv_file::write_csv_file(path, headers, records).expect("Failed to write CSV file");
    utils::csv_file::read_csv_file(path).expect("Failed to read CSV file");
}

vec_s!是一个保存字符串类型的宏，该文章进行了详细讲解：Rust 宏