项目介绍
使用Pygame做一个乒乓球游戏。左侧为电脑，右侧为玩家。
视频教程约90分钟。
代码地址
环境：需要pygame库，可用pip安装：pip install pygame
1. 基础版本
首先进行一些初始化 ，初始化pygame以及物体的初始状态。
然后是主循环，游戏的主循环主要包含3个内容
- 处理事件（这里主要是键盘按键）
- 更新物体的状态
- 在屏幕上绘制
python
# 基础 ping pang游戏
import sys
import random
import pygame
# 初始化
pygame.init()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
screen_width = 1280
screen_height = 720
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((screen_width, screen_height))
pygame.display.set_caption("PingPang")
# 使用长方形表示球和球拍
ball = pygame.Rect(screen_width // 2 - 15, screen_height // 2 - 15, 30, 30)
player = pygame.Rect(screen_width - 20, screen_height // 2 - 70, 10, 140)
opponent = pygame.Rect(10, screen_height // 2 - 70, 10, 140)
bg_color = pygame.Color('grey12')
light_grey = (200, 200, 200)
ball_speed_x = 7 * random.choice((1, -1))
ball_speed_y = 7 * random.choice((1, -1))
player_speed = 0
opponent_speed = 7
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
player_speed += 7
if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
player_speed -= 7
if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
player_speed -= 7
if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
player_speed += 7
# update
#ball_animation()
#player_animation()
#opponent_animation()
# draw
screen.fill(bg_color)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, light_grey, player)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, light_grey, opponent)
pygame.draw.ellipse(screen, light_grey, ball)
pygame.draw.aaline(screen, light_grey, (screen_width / 2, 0), (screen_width / 2, screen_height))
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)
然后我们实现上面的三个更新逻辑，更新物体状态。
ball_animation()player_animation()opponent_animation()
python
def ball_animation():
"""更新球的运动"""
global ball_speed_x, ball_speed_y
ball.x += ball_speed_x
ball.y += ball_speed_y
if ball.top <= 0 or ball.bottom >= screen_height:
ball_speed_y *= -1
if ball.left <= 0 or ball.right >= screen_width:
ball_speed_x *= -1
ball_restart()
if ball.colliderect(player) or ball.colliderect(opponent):
ball_speed_x *= -1
def player_animation():
"""更新玩家的运动"""
player.y += player_speed
if player.top <= 0:
player.top = 0
if player.bottom >= screen_height:
player.bottom = screen_height
def opponent_animation():
"""更新对手的运动"""
if opponent.top < ball.y:
opponent.top += opponent_speed
if opponent.bottom > ball.y:
opponent.bottom -= opponent_speed
if opponent.top <= 0:
opponent.top = 0
if opponent.bottom >= screen_height:
opponent.bottom = screen_height
def ball_restart():
"""重置球的位置"""
global ball_speed_x, ball_speed_y
ball.center = (screen_width // 2, screen_height // 2)
ball_speed_y *= random.choice((1, -1))
ball_speed_x *= random.choice((1, -1))实现了这3个函数后，记得在主循环中的# update 处调用这个三个函数。
2. 添加分数和时间
- 为游戏添加分数显示：添加字体并渲染出分数。
- 发球时有3秒倒计时：通过
pygame.time.get_ticks()获得时间。
python
# 添加得分和计时器
import sys
import random
import pygame
pygame.init()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
screen_width = 1280
screen_height = 720
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((screen_width, screen_height))
pygame.display.set_caption("PingPang")
ball = pygame.Rect(screen_width // 2 - 15, screen_height // 2 - 15, 30, 30)
player = pygame.Rect(screen_width - 20, screen_height // 2 - 70, 10, 140)
opponent = pygame.Rect(10, screen_height // 2 - 70, 10, 140)
bg_color = pygame.Color('grey12')
light_grey = (200, 200, 200)
ball_speed_x = 7 * random.choice((1, -1))
ball_speed_y = 7 * random.choice((1, -1))
player_speed = 0
opponent_speed = 7
# Text Variables
player_score = 0
opponent_score = 0
# 创建字体
game_font = pygame.font.Font("freesansbold.ttf", 32)
# Timer
score_time = True
def ball_animation():
global ball_speed_x, ball_speed_y
global player_score, opponent_score
global score_time
ball.x += ball_speed_x
ball.y += ball_speed_y
if ball.top <= 0 or ball.bottom >= screen_height:
ball_speed_y *= -1
if ball.left <= 0 or ball.right >= screen_width:
if ball.left <= 0:
player_score += 1
if ball.right >= screen_width:
opponent_score += 1
score_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
if ball.colliderect(player) or ball.colliderect(opponent):
ball_speed_x *= -1
def player_animation():
player.y += player_speed
if player.top <= 0:
player.top = 0
if player.bottom >= screen_height:
player.bottom = screen_height
def opponent_animation():
if opponent.top < ball.y:
opponent.top += opponent_speed
if opponent.bottom > ball.y:
opponent.bottom -= opponent_speed
if opponent.top <= 0:
opponent.top = 0
if opponent.bottom >= screen_height:
opponent.bottom = screen_height
def ball_restart():
global ball_speed_x, ball_speed_y
global score_time
ball.center = (screen_width // 2, screen_height // 2)
# 计算耗时，并显示剩余时间
# 获得当前时间
current_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
# 与上次得分时间比较
if current_time - score_time < 700:
number_three = game_font.render("3", False, light_grey)
screen.blit(number_three, (screen_width // 2 - 10, screen_height // 2 + 20))
if 700 < current_time - score_time < 1400:
number_two = game_font.render("2", False, light_grey)
screen.blit(number_two, (screen_width // 2 - 10, screen_height // 2 + 20))
if 1400 < current_time - score_time < 2100:
number_one = game_font.render("1", False, light_grey)
screen.blit(number_one, (screen_width // 2 - 10, screen_height // 2 + 20))
if current_time - score_time < 2100:
ball_speed_x, ball_speed_y = 0, 0
else:
ball_speed_y = 7 * random.choice((1, -1))
ball_speed_x = 7 * random.choice((1, -1))
score_time = None
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
player_speed += 7
if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
player_speed -= 7
if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
player_speed -= 7
if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
player_speed += 7
ball_animation()
player_animation()
opponent_animation()
# update
# draw
screen.fill(bg_color)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, light_grey, player)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, light_grey, opponent)
pygame.draw.ellipse(screen, light_grey, ball)
pygame.draw.aaline(screen, light_grey, (screen_width / 2, 0), (screen_width / 2, screen_height))
# 显示得分
player_text = game_font.render(f"{player_score}", False, light_grey)
screen.blit(player_text, (660, 360))
opponent_text = game_font.render(f"{opponent_score}", False, light_grey)
screen.blit(opponent_text, (600, 360))
if score_time:
ball_restart()
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)3. 优化碰撞逻辑、添加声音
如果你运行了第2节的程序，你会发现有时候球的反弹有时很奇怪，比如有时候会黏 在球拍上。
本节我们将
- 优化碰撞逻辑：在
ball_animation()通过判断球与球拍的位置，修改球的运动。 - 添加碰撞和得分音效:
pygame.mixer.Sound
python
# 添加得分和计时器
# 基础 ping pang游戏
import sys
import random
import pygame
# setup
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.pre_init(44100, -16, 2, 512)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
screen_width = 1280
screen_height = 720
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((screen_width, screen_height))
pygame.display.set_caption("PingPang")
# Reactangles
ball = pygame.Rect(screen_width // 2 - 15, screen_height // 2 - 15, 30, 30)
player = pygame.Rect(screen_width - 20 , screen_height // 2 - 70, 10, 140)
opponent = pygame.Rect(10, screen_height // 2 - 70, 10, 140)
bg_color = pygame.Color('grey12')
light_grey = (200, 200, 200)
ball_speed_x = 7 * random.choice((1, -1))
ball_speed_y = 7 * random.choice((1, -1))
player_speed = 0
opponent_speed = 7
# Text Variables
player_score = 0
opponent_score = 0
game_font = pygame.font.Font("freesansbold.ttf", 32)
# Timer
score_time = True
# Sound
pong_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("pong.ogg")
score_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("score.ogg")
def ball_animation():
global ball_speed_x, ball_speed_y
global player_score, opponent_score
global score_time
ball.x += ball_speed_x
ball.y += ball_speed_y
if ball.top <= 0 or ball.bottom >= screen_height:
pong_sound.play()
ball_speed_y *= -1
# score
if ball.left <= 0 or ball.right >= screen_width:
score_sound.play()
if ball.left <= 0:
player_score += 1
if ball.right >= screen_width:
opponent_score += 1
score_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
if ball.colliderect(player) and ball_speed_x > 0:
pong_sound.play()
if abs(ball.right - player.left) < 10 :
ball_speed_x *= -1
elif abs(ball.bottom - player.top) < 10 and ball_speed_y > 0:
ball_speed_y *= -1
elif abs(ball.top - player.bottom) < 10 and ball_speed_y < 0:
ball_speed_y *= -1
if ball.colliderect(opponent) and ball_speed_x < 0:
pong_sound.play()
if abs(ball.left - opponent.right) < 10:
ball_speed_x *= -1
elif abs(ball.bottom - opponent.top) < 10 and ball_speed_y > 0:
ball_speed_y *= -1
elif abs(ball.top - opponent.bottom) < 10 and ball_speed_y < 0:
ball_speed_y *= -1
def player_animation():
player.y += player_speed
if player.top <= 0:
player.top = 0
if player.bottom >= screen_height:
player.bottom = screen_height
def opponent_animation():
if opponent.top < ball.y:
opponent.top += opponent_speed
if opponent.bottom > ball.y:
opponent.bottom -= opponent_speed
if opponent.top <= 0:
opponent.top = 0
if opponent.bottom >= screen_height:
opponent.bottom = screen_height
def ball_restart():
global ball_speed_x, ball_speed_y
global score_time
ball.center = (screen_width // 2, screen_height // 2)
current_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
if current_time - score_time < 700:
number_three = game_font.render("3", False, light_grey)
screen.blit(number_three, (screen_width // 2 - 10, screen_height // 2 + 20))
if 700 < current_time - score_time < 1400:
number_two = game_font.render("2", False, light_grey)
screen.blit(number_two, (screen_width // 2 - 10, screen_height // 2 + 20))
if 1400 < current_time - score_time < 2100:
number_one = game_font.render("1", False, light_grey)
screen.blit(number_one, (screen_width // 2 - 10, screen_height // 2 + 20))
if current_time - score_time < 2100:
ball_speed_x, ball_speed_y = 0, 0
else:
ball_speed_y = 7 * random.choice((1, -1))
ball_speed_x = 7 * random.choice((1, -1))
score_time = None
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
player_speed += 7
if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
player_speed -= 7
if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
player_speed -= 7
if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
player_speed += 7
ball_animation()
player_animation()
opponent_animation()
# update
# draw
screen.fill(bg_color)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, light_grey, player)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, light_grey, opponent)
pygame.draw.ellipse(screen, light_grey, ball)
pygame.draw.aaline(screen, light_grey, (screen_width / 2, 0), (screen_width / 2, screen_height))
player_text = game_font.render(f"{player_score}", False, light_grey)
screen.blit(player_text, (660, 360))
opponent_text = game_font.render(f"{opponent_score}", False, light_grey)
screen.blit(opponent_text, (600, 360))
if score_time:
ball_restart()
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)