WPF中嵌入3D模型通用结构

背景：wpf本身有提供3D的绘制，但是自己通过代码描绘出3D是比较困难的。3D库helix-toolkit支持调用第三方生成的模型，比如Blender这些，所以在wpf上使用3D就变得非常简单。这里是一个通过helix-toolkit库调用第三方生成的3d模型的样例：

1、安装NuGet包：HelixToolkit.Wpf

2、xaml界面中设置相机和光源等参数

引入helix-toolkit命名空间：xmlns:ht="http://helix-toolkit.org/wpf"

XML 复制代码

<ht:HelixViewport3D
    Name="viewport"
    DefaultCamera="{Binding ElementName=viewport, Path=Camera}"
    MouseDown="Viewport_MouseDown"
    ShowCoordinateSystem="True">
            <ht:HelixViewport3D.Camera>
            <PerspectiveCamera
                FieldOfView="80"
                LookDirection="-100,-100,-100"
                Position="100,100,100"
                UpDirection="0,0,1">
                <!--<PerspectiveCamera.Transform>
    <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="0" CenterZ="0">
        <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>
            <AxisAngleRotation3D Axis="0,0,1" Angle="0"/>
        </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>
    </RotateTransform3D>
</PerspectiveCamera.Transform>-->
            </PerspectiveCamera>
        </ht:HelixViewport3D.Camera>

        <ht:HelixViewport3D.RotateGesture>
            <MouseGesture MouseAction="LeftClick" />
        </ht:HelixViewport3D.RotateGesture>
        <ht:HelixViewport3D.PanGesture>
            <MouseGesture MouseAction="RightClick" />
        </ht:HelixViewport3D.PanGesture>

        <!--  光源  -->
        <ModelVisual3D>
            <ModelVisual3D.Content>
                <Model3DGroup>
                    <!--  环境光：提亮整体的环境亮度  -->
                    <AmbientLight Color="#999" />
                    <!--  点光源：光影层次感  -->
                    <PointLight Position="100,0,100" Color="#DDD" />
                </Model3DGroup>
            </ModelVisual3D.Content>
        </ModelVisual3D>

</ht:HelixViewport3D>

3、Code_behind设置点开页面就选择3d模型

cs 复制代码

public partial class My3D : UserControl
{
    public My3D()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        // 加载外部3D模型文件
        Model3DGroup modelGroup = null;
        var openFileDialog = new Microsoft.Win32.OpenFileDialog()
        {
            Filter = "3D模型文件 (*.obj, *.stl, *.ply)|*.obj;*.stl;*.ply"
        };
        if (openFileDialog.ShowDialog() == true)
        {
            var importer = new ModelImporter();
            modelGroup = importer.Load(openFileDialog.FileName);
        }

        // 将加载的模型添加到Viewport3D中
        if (modelGroup != null)
        {
            var modelVisual = new ModelVisual3D();
            modelVisual.Content = modelGroup;
            viewport.Children.Add(modelVisual);
        }
    }


    private void Viewport_MouseDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
    {
        Point mousePos = e.GetPosition(viewport);

        // 执行拾取操作
        HitTestResult hitTestResult = VisualTreeHelper.HitTest(viewport, mousePos);
        if (hitTestResult != null && hitTestResult.VisualHit is ModelVisual3D)
        {
            // 获取点击到的ModelVisual3D对象
            ModelVisual3D clickedVisual = (ModelVisual3D)hitTestResult.VisualHit;

            // 进一步处理点击到的物体
            // 例如，获取其名称、执行相应的操作等
            MessageBox.Show("点击到了物体");
        }
        else
        {
            MessageBox.Show("没有点击到什么啊");
        }
    }
}

--方法Viewport_MouseDown中判断有没有点击中了我们自己导入的模型