介绍
AES 是 Advanced Encryption Standard 的缩写,是最常见的对称加密算法。AES 在密码学中又称 Rijndael 加密法,是美国联邦政府采用的一种区块加密标准。这个标准用来替代原先的 DES,已经被多方分析且广为全世界所使用。
基本原理:AES 的加密公式为 C=E(K,P),其中 K 为密钥,P 为明文,C 为密文。
加密流程图:
封装工具方法
JS 工具方法
js
// 引入依赖
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/crypto-js/4.0.0/crypto-js.min.js"></script>
// 加密方法
function encrypt(content, key) {
return CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(content, CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {
mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,
padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7
}).ciphertext.toString();
}
// 解密方法
function decrypt(content, key) {
return CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(CryptoJS.enc.Base64.stringify(CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(content)), CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {
mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,
padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7
}).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8);
}
例子:
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/crypto-js/4.0.0/crypto-js.min.js"></script>
<script>
var key = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx";
function encryptText() {
var plain = document.getElementById("plain").value;
var encrypted = encrypt(plain, key);
document.getElementById("encrypted").value = encrypted;
}
function decryptText() {
var encrypted = document.getElementById("todecrypt").value;
var decrypted = decrypt(encrypted, key);
document.getElementById("decrypted").value = decrypted;
}
// 加密方法
function encrypt(content, key) {
return CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(content, CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {
mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,
padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7
}).ciphertext.toString();
}
// 解密方法
function decrypt(content, key) {
return CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(CryptoJS.enc.Base64.stringify(CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(content)), CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {
mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,
padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7
}).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h2>加解密测试</h2>
<div style="padding: 1rem 0">
<input id="plain" type="text" />
<button type="button" onclick="encryptText()">加密</button>
<input id="encrypted" type="text"/>
</div>
<div>
<input id="todecrypt" type="text"/>
<button type="button" onclick="decryptText()">解密</button>
<input id="decrypted" type="text"/>
</div>
</body>
</html>
VUE 工具方法
js
// 添加依赖
npm install crypto-js
// 加密方法
function onEncrypt(content: any, key: any) {
return CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(content, CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {
mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,
padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7,
}).ciphertext.toString().toUpperCase();
}
// 解密方法
function onDecrypt(content: any, key: any) {
return CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(
CryptoJS.enc.Base64.stringify(CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(content)), CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {
mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,
padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7,
}
).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8);
}
例子:
js
<script setup lang="ts">
import { onMounted, reactive, toRefs } from "vue";
import CryptoJS from "crypto-js";
const state = reactive({
key: "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
plain: null,
encrypted: null,
todecrypt: null,
decrypted: null
})
const {key,plain,encrypted,todecrypt,decrypted} = toRefs(state)
function encryptText() {
state.encrypted = onEncrypt(state.plain, state.key);
}
function decryptText() {
state.decrypted = onDecrypt(state.todecrypt, state.key);
}
// 加密方法
function onEncrypt(content: any, key: any) {
return CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(content, CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {
mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,
padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7,
}).ciphertext.toString().toUpperCase();
}
// 解密方法
function onDecrypt(content: any, key: any) {
return CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(
CryptoJS.enc.Base64.stringify(CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse(content)), CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {
mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,
padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7,
}
).toString(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8);
}
</script>
<template>
<div class="aes">
<h1>AES加解密</h1>
<el-row :gutter="20" style="padding: 1rem 0">
<el-col :span="6"><el-input v-model="plain" placeholder="请输入内容"></el-input></el-col>
<el-col :span="2"><el-button type="primary" @click="encryptText()">加密</el-button></el-col>
<el-col :span="12"><div>{{state.encrypted}}</div></el-col>
</el-row>
<el-row :gutter="20">
<el-col :span="6"><el-input v-model="todecrypt" placeholder="请输入内容"></el-input></el-col>
<el-col :span="2"><el-button type="primary" @click="decryptText()">解密</el-button></el-col>
<el-col :span="12"><div>{{state.decrypted}}</div></el-col>
</el-row>
</div>
</template>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.aes {
text-align: center;
}
</style>
JAVA 工具类
java
package com.tansci.util;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
/**
* @ClassName: AESUtil.java
* @ClassPath: com.tansci.util.AESUtil.java
* @Description: AES对称加解密工具类
* @Author: tanyp
* @Date: 2024/4/18 12:00
**/
public class AESUtil {
/**
* @MonthName: encrypt
* @Description: 加密
* @Author: tanyp
* @Date: 2024/4/18 12:00
* @Param: [content, key: 16位]
* @return: java.lang.String
**/
public static String encrypt(String content, String key) throws Exception {
KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
kgen.init(128);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), "AES"));
byte[] b = cipher.doFinal(content.getBytes("utf-8"));
return Hex.encodeHexString(b);
}
/**
* @MonthName: decrypt
* @Description: 解密
* @Author: tanyp
* @Date: 2024/4/18 12:00
* @Param: [encryptStr, key:16位]
* @return: java.lang.String
**/
public static String decrypt(String encryptStr, String key) throws Exception {
KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
kgen.init(128);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), "AES"));
byte[] encrypttBytes = Hex.decodeHex(encryptStr);
byte[] decryptBytes = cipher.doFinal(encrypttBytes);
return new String(decryptBytes);
}
}
MYSQL 使用方法
sql
-- 加密
select HEX(AES_ENCRYPT('admin','xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx'))
-- 解密
select CONVERT(AES_DECRYPT(UNHEX('305e188e6818582f8298551e4b50702a'),'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx') USING UTF8MB4)
select AES_DECRYPT(UNHEX('4C80D7BE4719ED572565378025E7AC85'),'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx')