【Spring】Spring 整合 Junit、MyBatis

一、 Spring 整合 Junit

XML 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.qiu</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-015-junit</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.23</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <!-- Spring6 的支持 junit4 还有 junit5 -->
            <version>5.3.23</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--使用Junit则将下面改为Junit5版本即可-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

java 复制代码

package org.qiu.spring.bean;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @author 秋玄
 * @version 1.0
 * @email qiu_2022@aliyun.com
 * @project Spring
 * @package org.qiu.spring.bean
 * @date 2022-11-30-21:55
 * @since 1.0
 */
@Component
public class User {
    @Value("张三")
    private String name;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

XML 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="org.qiu.spring.bean"/>
</beans>

java 复制代码

package org.qiu.spring.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.qiu.spring.bean.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/**
 * @author 秋玄
 * @version 1.0
 * @email qiu_2022@aliyun.com
 * @project Spring
 * @package org.qiu.spring.test
 * @date 2022-11-30-21:56
 * @since 1.0
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")
public class JunitTest {

    @Autowired
    private User user;

    @Test
    public void testUser(){
        System.out.println(user.getName());
    }
}

运行效果：

Spring提供的方便主要是这几个注解：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")

在单元测试类上使用这两个注解之后，在单元测试类中的属性上可以使用@Autowired。比较方便

在JUnit5当中，可以使用Spring提供的以下两个注解，标注到单元测试类上，这样在类当中就可以使用@Autowired注解了

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)

@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")

二、Spring 集成 MyBatis

1、实验步骤

第一步：准备数据库表
- 使用t_act表（账户表）
第二步：IDEA中创建一个模块，并引入依赖
- spring-context
- spring-jdbc
- mysql驱动
- mybatis
- mybatis-spring：mybatis提供的与spring框架集成的依赖
- 德鲁伊连接池
- junit
第三步：基于三层架构实现，所以提前创建好所有的包
- com.qiu.bank.mapper
- com.qiu.bank.service
- com.qiu.bank.service.impl
- com.qiu.bank.pojo
第四步：编写pojo
- Account，属性私有化，提供公开的setter getter和toString。
第五步：编写mapper接口
- AccountMapper接口，定义方法
第六步：编写mapper配置文件
- 在配置文件中配置命名空间，以及每一个方法对应的sql。
第七步：编写service接口和service接口实现类
- AccountService
- AccountServiceImpl
第八步：编写jdbc.properties配置文件
- 数据库连接池相关信息
第九步：编写mybatis-config.xml配置文件
- 该文件可以没有，大部分的配置可以转移到spring配置文件中。
- 如果遇到mybatis相关的系统级配置，还是需要这个文件。
第十步：编写spring.xml配置文件
- 组件扫描
- 引入外部的属性文件
- 数据源
- SqlSessionFactoryBean配置
- 注入mybatis核心配置文件路径
  - 指定别名包
  - 注入数据源
- Mapper扫描配置器
  - 指定扫描的包
- 事务管理器DataSourceTransactionManager
  - 注入数据源
- 启用事务注解
  - 注入事务管理器
第十一步：编写测试程序，并添加事务，进行测试

2、具体实现

XML 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.qiu</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-016-sm</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--spring-context-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.23</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring-jdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.23</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.30</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-spring：mybatis提供的与spring框架集成的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--德鲁伊连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.15</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

java 复制代码

package org.qiu.spring.pojo;

/**
 * @author 秋玄
 * @version 1.0
 * @email qiu_2022@aliyun.com
 * @project Spring
 * @package org.qiu.spring.pojo
 * @date 2022-12-01-09:16
 * @since 1.0
 */
public class Account {
    private String actno;
    private Double balance;

    public Account() {
    }

    public Account(String actno, Double balance) {
        this.actno = actno;
        this.balance = balance;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "actno='" + actno + '\'' +
                ", balance=" + balance +
                '}';
    }

    public String getActno() {
        return actno;
    }

    public void setActno(String actno) {
        this.actno = actno;
    }

    public Double getBalance() {
        return balance;
    }

    public void setBalance(Double balance) {
        this.balance = balance;
    }
}

java 复制代码

package org.qiu.spring.mapper;

import org.qiu.spring.pojo.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 实现类不需要写，由 mybatis 通过动态代理实现即可
 * @author 秋玄
 * @version 1.0
 * @email qiu_2022@aliyun.com
 * @project Spring
 * @package org.qiu.spring.mapper
 * @date 2022-12-01-09:17
 * @since 1.0
 */
public interface AccountMapper {
    int insert(Account account);
    int delete(String atcno);
    int update(Account account);
    Account selectByActno(String actno);
    List<Account> selectAll();
}

XML 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="org.qiu.spring.mapper">
    <insert id="insert">
        insert into t_act values (#{actno},#{balance})
    </insert>

    <delete id="delete">
        delete from t_act where actno = #{actno}
    </delete>

    <update id="update">
        update t_act set balance = #{balance} where actno = #{actno}
    </update>

    <select id="selectByActno" resultType="Account">
        select * from t_act where actno = #{actno}
    </select>

    <select id="selectAll" resultType="Account">
        select * from t_act
    </select>
</mapper>

java 复制代码

package org.qiu.spring.service;

import org.qiu.spring.pojo.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 秋玄
 * @version 1.0
 * @email qiu_2022@aliyun.com
 * @project Spring
 * @package org.qiu.spring.service
 * @date 2022-12-01-09:30
 * @since 1.0
 */
public interface AccountService {

    int save(Account account);

    int deleteByActno(String actno);

    int modify(Account account);

    Account getByActno(String actno);

    List<Account> getAll();

    void transfer(String fromAccount,String toAccount,Double money);
}

java 复制代码

package org.qiu.spring.service.impl;

import org.qiu.spring.mapper.AccountMapper;
import org.qiu.spring.pojo.Account;
import org.qiu.spring.service.AccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 秋玄
 * @version 1.0
 * @email qiu_2022@aliyun.com
 * @project Spring
 * @package org.qiu.spring.service.impl
 * @date 2022-12-01-09:33
 * @since 1.0
 */
@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {

    @Autowired
    private AccountMapper accountMapper;

    @Override
    public int save(Account account) {
        return accountMapper.insert(account);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteByActno(String actno) {
        return accountMapper.delete(actno);
    }

    @Override
    public int modify(Account account) {
        return accountMapper.update(account);
    }

    @Override
    public Account getByActno(String actno) {
        return accountMapper.selectByActno(actno);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Account> getAll() {
        return accountMapper.selectAll();
    }

    @Override
    public void transfer(String fromAccount, String toAccount, Double money) {
        Account from = accountMapper.selectByActno(fromAccount);

        if (from.getBalance() < money) {
            throw new RuntimeException("余额不足");
        }

        Account to = accountMapper.selectByActno(toAccount);

        from.setBalance(from.getBalance() - money);
        to.setBalance(to.getBalance() + money);

        int count = accountMapper.update(from);
        count += accountMapper.update(to);

        if (count != 2){
            throw new RuntimeException("转账失败");
        }
    }
}

bash 复制代码

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mvc
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=mysql

XML 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--打印 mybatis 日志信息-->
    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    </settings>
</configuration>

XML 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                           https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--组件扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="org.qiu.spring"/>

    <!--引入外部属性文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="jdbc.properties"/>

    <!--数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSuorce" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>

    <!--SqlSessionFactoryBean-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSuorce"/>
        <!--指定 mybatis 核心配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="mybatis-config.xml"/>
        <!--指定别名包-->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="org.qiu.spring.pojo"/>
    </bean>

    <!--Mapper扫描配置器，扫描Mapper接口，生成代理类-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="org.qiu.spring.mapper"/>
    </bean>

    <!--事务管理器-->
    <bean id="txManaget" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSuorce"/>
    </bean>

    <!--启动事务注解-->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManaget"/>

</beans>

由于使用了事务，所以需要给service添加事务注解

java 复制代码

@Transactional
@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
	\\ ......
}

java 复制代码

import org.junit.Test;
import org.qiu.spring.service.AccountService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * @author 秋玄
 * @version 1.0
 * @email qiu_2022@aliyun.com
 * @project Spring
 * @package PACKAGE_NAME
 * @date 2022-12-01-10:04
 * @since 1.0
 */
public class SMTest {

    @Test
    public void testSM(){
        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
        AccountService service = app.getBean("accountService", AccountService.class);
        try {
            service.transfer("act001","act002",10000.0);
            System.out.println("转账成功");
        } catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

运行效果：

bash 复制代码

Logging initialized using 'class org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl' adapter.
十二月 01, 2022 10:16:27 上午 com.alibaba.druid.support.logging.JakartaCommonsLoggingImpl info
信息: {dataSource-1} inited
Creating a new SqlSession
Registering transaction synchronization for SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
JDBC Connection [com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl@15a04efb] will be managed by Spring
==>  Preparing: select * from t_act where actno = ?
==> Parameters: act001(String)
<==    Columns: actno, balance
<==        Row: act001, 40000.0
<==      Total: 1
Releasing transactional SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
Fetched SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb] from current transaction
==>  Preparing: select * from t_act where actno = ?
==> Parameters: act002(String)
<==    Columns: actno, balance
<==        Row: act002, 10000.0
<==      Total: 1
Releasing transactional SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
Fetched SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb] from current transaction
==>  Preparing: update t_act set balance = ? where actno = ?
==> Parameters: 30000.0(Double), act001(String)
<==    Updates: 1
Releasing transactional SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
Fetched SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb] from current transaction
==>  Preparing: update t_act set balance = ? where actno = ?
==> Parameters: 20000.0(Double), act002(String)
<==    Updates: 1
Releasing transactional SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
Transaction synchronization committing SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
Transaction synchronization deregistering SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
Transaction synchronization closing SqlSession [org.apache.ibatis.session.defaults.DefaultSqlSession@2f666ebb]
转账成功

3、Spring 配置文件的 import

spring 配置文件有多个，并且可以在 spring 的核心配置文件中使用 import 进行引入，我们可以将组件扫描单独定义到一个配置文件中，如下：

XML 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                           https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--组件扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.qiu.bank"/>

</beans>

然后在核心配置文件中引入：

XML 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                           https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--引入其他的spring配置文件-->
    <import resource="common.xml"/>

</beans>

注意：在实际开发中，service单独配置到一个文件中，dao单独配置到一个文件中，然后在核心配置文件中引入，养成好习惯

一叶知秋，奥妙玄心