Docker安装MySQL5.7

一、拉取MySQL5.7镜像

bash 复制代码

$ docker pull mysql:5.7
# 等待镜像拉取完成
$ docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql        5.7       5107333e08a8   5 months ago   501MB

二、快速启动一个MySQL容器

bash 复制代码

$ docker run -itd --name mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql:5.7

$ docker ps

CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                  CREATED        STATUS         PORTS                                                  NAMES
812f56f8f239   mysql:5.7   "docker-entrypoint.s..."   4 seconds ago   Up 4 seconds   33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp   mysql

参数解析：

-i：以交互模式运行容器，并保持终端激活。

-t（--tty）：为容器分配一个伪终端。

-d（--detach）：以后台模式运行容器，并返回容器ID

-p（--publish）：发布容器端口到主机端口。常用：端口映射到宿主机

--name：为容器指定一个名称。

三、挂载数据卷方式启动MySQL容器

1.创建数据挂载目录

bash 复制代码

$ mkdir -p /opt/software/mysql/mysql-01/conf
$ touch /opt/software/mysql/mysql-01/conf/my.cnf
$ mkdir -p /opt/software/mysql/mysql-01/data
$ mkdir -p /opt/software/mysql/mysql-01/logs

2.编写my.cnf配置文件

[mysqld]

skip-host-cache

skip-name-resolve

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

secure-file-priv=/var/lib/mysql-files

user=mysql

symbolic-links=0

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

[client]

socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

3.挂载启动容器

bash 复制代码

$ docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql-01 --restart=always --privileged=true \
-v /opt/software/mysql/mysql-01/logs:/var/log/mysql \
-v /opt/software/mysql/mysql-01/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /opt/software/mysql/mysql-01/conf/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf \
-v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7

参数解析：

--restart=always：总是跟随docker启动

--privileged=true：获取宿主机root权限

-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：指定mysql环境变量，root用户的密码为123456

-v /usr/local/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql：映射数据目录，宿主机:容器

4.查看容器状态，测试链接

bash 复制代码

$ docker ps

CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES

9416e7e20cde mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s..." 13 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql-01

bash 复制代码

$ docker logs mysql-01

2024-05-23T09:02:28.555882Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events

2024-05-23T09:02:28.556181Z 0 [Note] mysqld: ready for connections.

Version: '5.7.44' socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

bash 复制代码

$ docker exec -it mysql-01 mysql -uroot -p123456

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> exit

Bye