1、three.js使用环境贴图
1.1、效果视频
环境贴图
1.2、使用步骤(个人认为)
(1)导入引入相关方法
(2)创建场景
(3)创建相机
(4)添加物体材质
(5)添加光源
(6)渲染
1.3、代码
javascript
// 环境贴图代码
import * as THREE from 'three'
//目标:使用环境贴图放在球上展示
//导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from 'three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls'
//1、创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene()
//2、创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(
75,
window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight,
0.1,
1000
) // 参数分别代表,相机角度、屏幕宽高比、近端点,远端点
//设置相机位置
camera.position.set(2, 2, 2)
scene.add(camera)
//导入纹理
const cubeTextureLoader = new THREE.CubeTextureLoader()
//一下代码是因为物体有上下左右前后六个面,所以设置6个方向的贴图
const envMapTexture = cubeTextureLoader.load([
'/static/texture/environmentMaps/1/px.jpg',
'/static/texture/environmentMaps/1/nx.jpg',
'/static/texture/environmentMaps/1/py.jpg',
'/static/texture/environmentMaps/1/ny.jpg',
'/static/texture/environmentMaps/1/pz.jpg',
'/static/texture/environmentMaps/1/nz.jpg',
])
//添加物体
const sphereGeometry = new THREE.SphereGeometry(1, 20, 20)
const material = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({
metalness: 0.7, //金属度
roughness: 0.1, //粗糙度,设置为0表面会非常光滑,可以折射出太阳光
// envMap: envMapTexture, //环境贴图
})
const mesh = new THREE.Mesh(sphereGeometry, material)
scene.add(mesh)
//给场景添加背景
scene.background = envMapTexture
//给场景中所有的物体添加默认的贴图
scene.environment = envMapTexture
//添加环境光
const light = new THREE.AmbientLight(0xffffff, 0.5)
scene.add(light)
//添加直线光源
const directionLight = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff, 1)
directionLight.position.set(10, 10, 10)
scene.add(directionLight)
//初始化渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer()
//设置渲染的尺寸大小
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)
//将webGL渲染的canvas添加到app中
document.getElementById('app').appendChild(renderer.domElement)
//创建控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)
//设置控制器阻尼,让滑动更有真实感
controls.enableDamping = true
//创建坐标轴
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5)
scene.add(axesHelper)
render()
//渲染函数
function render(time) {
controls.update()
renderer.render(scene, camera)
//下一帧渲染完毕再次执行,保证每一帧都渲染
requestAnimationFrame(render)
}
2、three.js加载hdr图
2.1、效果视频
加载hdr图
2.2、代码
javascript
// three.js加载hdr图
import * as THREE from 'three'
//目标:加载hdr图
//导入轨道控制器
import { OrbitControls } from 'three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls'
//导入hdr加载器
import { RGBELoader } from 'three/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader'
//1、创建场景
const scene = new THREE.Scene()
//2、创建相机
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(
75,
window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight,
0.1,
1000
) // 参数分别代表,相机角度、屏幕宽高比、近端点,远端点
//设置相机位置
camera.position.set(2, 2, 2)
scene.add(camera)
const rgbeLoader = new RGBELoader()
rgbeLoader.loadAsync('static/texture/hdr/003.hdr').then((texture) => {
texture.mapping = THREE.EquirectangularReflectionMapping //正常只是一张图平铺,设置这个可以让图包围环绕整个环境
scene.background = texture //设置环境贴图
scene.environment = texture
})
//添加物体
const sphereGeometry = new THREE.SphereGeometry(1, 20, 20)
const material = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({
metalness: 0.7, //金属度
roughness: 0.1, //粗糙度,设置为0表面会非常光滑,可以折射出太阳光
})
const mesh = new THREE.Mesh(sphereGeometry, material)
scene.add(mesh)
//添加环境光
const light = new THREE.AmbientLight(0xffffff, 0.5)
scene.add(light)
//添加直线光源
const directionLight = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff, 1)
directionLight.position.set(10, 10, 10)
scene.add(directionLight)
//初始化渲染器
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer()
//设置渲染的尺寸大小
renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)
//将webGL渲染的canvas添加到app中
document.getElementById('app').appendChild(renderer.domElement)
//创建控制器
const controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)
//设置控制器阻尼,让滑动更有真实感
controls.enableDamping = true
//创建坐标轴
const axesHelper = new THREE.AxesHelper(5)
scene.add(axesHelper)
render()
//渲染函数
function render(time) {
controls.update()
renderer.render(scene, camera)
//下一帧渲染完毕再次执行,保证每一帧都渲染
requestAnimationFrame(render)
}