主从复制
一、IP规划
| 服务器 | IP | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
| master1 | 192.168.100.131 | master2的从 |
| master2 | 192.168.100.132 | master1的从 |
| slave1 | 192.168.100.134 | slave1的从 |
| slave2 | 192.168.100.135 | slave2的从 |
| mysql-proxy | 192.168.100.137 |
二、具体配置
1.master1
配置ip：192.168.100.131
关闭防护墙，selinux
sh
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
# 关闭selinux
setenforce 0 下载mariadb
sh
yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server 编辑mariadb配置文件
sh
vi /etc/my.cnf 添加以下内容
sh
# 标识（0-65535范围）
server-id=1
# 日志文件名称前缀
log-bin=mysql-bin
# 排除不复制的库
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
binlog-ignore-db=sys
# 配置中继日志名称
relay-log=mysql-relay-bin
# 配置排除的库
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
replicate-ignore-db=performance_schema
replicate-ignore-db=sys
# 编码格
init-connect='SET NAMES UTF8'
skip-character-set-client-handshake
character-set-server=utf8 修改完成重启服务
sh
# 重启服务
systemctl restart mariadb
# 配置mysql密码，123456
mysql_secure_installation 授权
mariadb
# 进入mysql
mysql -uroot -p123456
# 创建用户
create user "backup"@"%" identified by '123456';
# 授权
grant replication slave on *.* to "backup"@"%" identified by "123456";
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
# 刷新权限
flush privileges;
# 查询Log_file，log_pos
show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 1947 | | mysql,information_schema,performance_schema,sys |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
# 从库连接主库，MASTER_LOG_FILE与MASTER_LOG_POS的值由主库信息获得
change master to
MASTER_HOST='192.168.100.132',
MASTER_USER='backup',
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',
MASTER_LOG_POS=1947;
# 开启复制
start slave;
# 查看slave状态，Slave_IO_Running，Slave_SQL_Running的状态要为Yes
show slave status \G;2.master2
配置ip：192.168.100.132
关闭防护墙，selinux
sh
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
# 关闭selinux
setenforce 0 下载mariadb
sh
yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server 编辑mariadb配置文件
sh
vi /etc/my.cnf 添加以下内容
sh
# 标识（0-65535范围）
server-id=2
# 日志文件名称前缀
log-bin=mysql-bin
# 排除不复制的库
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
binlog-ignore-db=sys
# 配置中继日志名称
relay-log=mysql-relay-bin
# 配置排除的库
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
replicate-ignore-db=performance_schema
replicate-ignore-db=sys
# 编码格
init-connect='SET NAMES UTF8'
skip-character-set-client-handshake
character-set-server=utf8 修改完成重启服务
sh
# 重启服务
systemctl restart mariadb
# 配置mysql密码，123456
mysql_secure_installation 授权
mariadb
# 进入mysql
mysql -uroot -p123456
# 创建用户
create user "backup"@"%" identified by '123456';
# 授权
grant replication slave on *.* to "backup"@"%" identified by "123456";
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
# 刷新权限
flush privileges;
# 查询Log_file，log_pos
show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 1947 | | mysql,information_schema,performance_schema,sys |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
# 从库连接主库，MASTER_LOG_FILE与MASTER_LOG_POS的值由主库信息获得
change master to
MASTER_HOST='192.168.100.131',
MASTER_USER='backup',
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',
MASTER_LOG_POS=1947;
# 开启复制
start slave;
# 查看slave状态，Slave_IO_Running，Slave_SQL_Running的状态要为Yes
show slave status \G;3.slave1
配置ip：192.168.100.134
关闭防护墙，selinux
sh
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
# 关闭selinux
setenforce 0 下载mariadb
sh
yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server 编辑mariadb配置文件
sh
vi /etc/my.cnf 添加以下内容
sh
# 标识（0-65535范围）
server-id=3
# 配置中继日志名称
relay-log=mysql-relay-bin
# 配置排除的库
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
replicate-ignore-db=performance_schema
replicate-ignore-db=sys
# 编码格式
init-connect='SET NAMES UTF8'
skip-character-set-client-handshake
character-set-server=utf8 修改完成重启服务
sh
# 重启服务
systemctl restart mariadb
# 配置mysql密码，123456
mysql_secure_installation 授权
mariadb
# 连接数据库
mysql -uroot -p123456
# 授权
grant all privileges on *.* to "root"@"%" identified by "123456";
# 刷新权限
flush privileges;
# 从库连接主库，MASTER_LOG_FILE与MASTER_LOG_POS的值由主库信息获得
change master to
MASTER_HOST='192.168.100.131',
MASTER_USER='backup',
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',
MASTER_LOG_POS=1947;
# 开启复制
start slave;
# 查看slave状态，Slave_IO_Running，Slave_SQL_Running的状态要为Yes
show slave status \G;4.slave2
配置ip：192.168.100.135
关闭防护墙，selinux
sh
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
# 关闭selinux
setenforce 0 下载mariadb
sh
yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server 编辑mariadb配置文件
sh
vi /etc/my.cnf 添加以下内容
sh
# 标识（0-65535范围）
server-id=4
# 配置中继日志名称
relay-log=mysql-relay-bin
# 配置排除的库
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
replicate-ignore-db=performance_schema
replicate-ignore-db=sys
# 编码格
init-connect='SET NAMES UTF8'
skip-character-set-client-handshake
character-set-server=utf8 修改完成重启服务
sh
# 重启服务
systemctl restart mariadb
# 配置mysql密码，123456
mysql_secure_installation 授权
mariadb
# 连接数据库
mysql -uroot -p123456
# 授权
grant all privileges on *.* to "root"@"%" identified by "123456";
# 刷新权限
flush privileges;
# 从库连接主库，MASTER_LOG_FILE与MASTER_LOG_POS的值由主库信息获得
change master to
MASTER_HOST='192.168.100.132',
MASTER_USER='backup',
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',
MASTER_LOG_POS=1947;
# 开启复制
start slave;
# 查看slave状态，Slave_IO_Running，Slave_SQL_Running的状态要为Yes
show slave status \G;5.mysql-proxy
mariadb
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
# 关闭selinux
setenforce 0
# 下载wget工具
yum -y install wget
# 下载mysql-proxy
wget http://ftp.ntu.edu.tw/pub/MySQL/Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit.tar.gz
# 创建用户mysql-proxy
useradd -r mysql-proxy
# 解压文件到local
tar zxvf mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit.tar.gz -C /usr/local
# 修改文件名
mv /usr/local/mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit /usr/local/mysql-proxy
# 加入环境变量
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/' >> /etc/profile
# 刷新环境变量
. /etc/profile
# 修改读写分离配置
vi /usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua
# 找到内容并修改
if not proxy.global.config.rwsplit then
proxy.global.config.rwsplit = {
min_idle_connections = 1, -- 默认超过4个连接数时，才开始读写分离，改为1
max_idle_connections = 8, -- 默认最大8个连接数
is_debug = false
}
end
# 启动mysql-proxy
mysql-proxy --daemon --log-level=debug --user=mysql-proxy --keepalive --log-file=/var/log/mysql-proxy.log --plugins="proxy" --proxy-address="192.168.100.137:4040" --proxy-backend-addresses="192.168.100.131:3306" --proxy-backend-addresses="192.168.100.132:3306" --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses="192.168.100.134:3306" --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses="192.168.100.135:3306" --proxy-lua-script="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua" --plugins=admin --admin-username="admin" --admin-password="admin" --admin-lua-script="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/lib/mysql-proxy/lua/admin.lua"三、检测
进入master 、或者slave（安装了maraidb的服务器），输入以下内容，查看state的值是否为up
sh
mysql -uadmin -padmin -h192.168.100.137 -P4041 -e "select * from backends;"
+-------------+----------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
| backend_ndx | address | state | type | uuid | connected_clients |
+-------------+----------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
| 1 | 192.168.100.131:3306 | up | rw | NULL | 0 |
| 2 | 192.168.100.132:3306 | up | rw | NULL | 0 |
| 3 | 192.168.100.134:3306 | up | ro | NULL | 0 |
| 4 | 192.168.100.135:3306 | up | ro | NULL | 0 |
+-------------+----------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+ 如果不是，可以运行以下命令等待（2分钟左右），在运行查看state的值是否为up
sh
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h192.168.100.137 -P4040 -e "show databases;"