LNMP网站架构 - 技术栈

一、安装nginx服务

1、关闭防火墙和核心防护

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systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0

2、安装依赖包

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yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

3、创建运行用户

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useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

4、编译安装

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cd /opt
tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz -C /opt/

cd nginx-1.12.0/


./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module

make && make install

5、优化路径

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ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/

6、添加 Nginx 系统服务

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vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service

二、安装 MYSQL 服务

1、安装Mysql环境依赖包

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yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

2、创建运行用户

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useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql

3、编译安装

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cd /opt
tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz

cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

make && make install

4、修改mysql 配置文件

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vim /etc/my.cnf


[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

5、更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组

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chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

6、设置路径环境变量

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echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile    
source /etc/profile

7、初始化数据库

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cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

8、添加mysqld系统服务

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cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld

9、修改mysql 的登录密码

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mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"

10、授权远程登录

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mysql -u root -p

三、安装配置 PHP 解析环境

1、安装环境依赖包

yum -y install gd \

libjpeg libjpeg-devel \

libpng libpng-devel \

freetype freetype-devel \

libxml2 libxml2-devel \

zlib zlib-devel \

curl curl-devel \

openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel

2、编译安装

cd /opt

tar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2

cd php-7.1.10

./configure \

--prefix=/usr/local/php \

--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \

--with-mysqli \

--with-zlib \

--with-curl \

--with-gd \

--with-jpeg-dir \

--with-png-dir \

--with-freetype-dir \

--with-openssl \

--enable-fpm \

--enable-mbstring \

--enable-xml \

--enable-session \

--enable-ftp \

--enable-pdo \

--enable-tokenizer \

--enable-zip

make && make install

3、路径优化

ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/

4、调整PHP配置文件

php有三个配置文件：

php.ini 主配置文件

php-fpm.conf 进程服务配置文件

www.conf 扩展配置文件

#调整主配置文件：

cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

--1170行--修改

mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

--939行--取消注释，修改

date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

php -m #验证安装的模块

#调整进程服务配置文件：

cd /usr/local/php/etc/

cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf

vim php-fpm.conf

--17行--去掉";"注释

pid = run/php-fpm.pid

#调整扩展配置文件：

cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/

cp www.conf.default www.conf

5、启动php-fpm

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

netstat -anpt | grep 9000

#PHP-FPM(FastCGI Process Manager：FastCGI 进程管理器)是一个 PHPFastCGI 管理器，由于Nginx服务器不能处理动态页面，需要由 Nginx 把动态请求交给 php-fpm 进程进行解析。

cd /opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm

cp php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service

systemctl restart php-fpm.service

6、配置 Nginx 支持 PHP 解析

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

--65行--取消注释，修改

location ~ \.php$ {

root html;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; #将 /scripts 修改为nginx的工作目录

#fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$ fastcgi_script_name; #$document_root 代表当前请求在root指令中指定的值

include fastcgi_params;

}

systemctl restart nginx.service

7、验证PHP 测试页

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php

<?php

phpinfo();

?>

浏览器访问

http://IP/index.php

8、验证数据库工作是否正常

mysql -u root -p

CREATE DATABASE bbs;

GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';

GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';

flush privileges;

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php #替换原来的测试页内容

<?php

$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.80.10','bbsuser','admin123');

if($link) echo "<h1>Success!!</h1>";

else echo "Fail!!";

?>

浏览器访问

http://IP/index.php