[Django学习]Q对象实现多字段模糊搜索

一、应用场景

假设我们现在有一个客房系统,前端界面上展示出来了所有客房的所有信息。用户通过客房的价格、面积、人数等对客房进行模糊搜索，如检索出价格在50到100元之间的客房，同时检索面积在20平方米到30平方米之间的客房，此时后端可以借助Q对象对客房进行筛选处理，并返回给前端。

二、代码部分

学习笔记以注释的形式出现

python 复制代码

from django.db.models import Q  
def searchHouse(request):

    datas = request.POST
    type = datas.get("type")
    area = datas.get("area")
    price = datas.get("money")
    people = datas.get("people")

    query = Q()
    # 使用Q对象组合多个查询条件

    type_value = int(type)
    if type_value != 0:
        query.add(Q(type=type_value-1), Q.AND)

    if area == "1":
        # 若area检索类型为"1",则为检索面积在0到15之间的客房
        query &= Q(area__range=(0, 15))
        # 给query添加上该查询语句
    elif area == "2":
        query &= Q(area__range=(15, 20))
    elif area == "3":
        query &= Q(area__range=(20, 30))
    elif area == "4":
        query &= Q(area__gte=30)

    if price == "1":
        query &= Q(price__range=(0, 50))
    elif price == "2":
        query &= Q(price__range=(50, 100))
    elif price == "3":
        query &= Q(price__range=(100, 200))
    elif price == "4":
        query &= Q(price__gte=200)

    if people == "1":
        query.add(Q(people=1), Q.AND)
    elif people == "2":
        query.add(Q(people=2), Q.AND)
    elif people == "3":
        query &= Q(people__gte=3)

    # 依照query对house表进行检索
    reses = house.objects.filter(query)

    houses = []

    for res in reses:
        a_house = {
            "id": res.id,
            "type": res.type,
            "area": res.area,
            "price": res.price,
            "people": res.people,
            "counts": res.counts,
            "status": res.status,
            "manager_phone": res.managerID.phone,
            "manager_name": res.managerID.name
        }
        houses.append(a_house)

    return JsonResponse({'data': houses}, safe=False)